Respiratory stress in mitochondrial electron transport chain complex mutants of Candida albicans activates Snf1 kinase response.

We have previously established that mitochondrial Complex I (CI) mutants of Candida albicans display reduced oxygen consumption, decreased ATP production, and increased reactive oxidant species (ROS) during cell growth. Using the Seahorse XF96 analyzer, the energetic phenotypes of Electron Transport Chain (ETC) complex mutants are further characterized in the current study. The underlying regulation of energetic changes in these mutants is determined in glucose and non-glucose conditions when compared to wild type (WT) cells.

Detection and Whole-Genome Analysis of a Zoonotic G8P[14] Rotavirus Strain Isolated from a Child with Diarrhea.

The group A rotavirus strain SI-2987/09 was detected in a child with severe diarrhea. The whole-genome analysis revealed the G8-P[14]-I2-R2-C2-M2-A3-N2-T6-E2-H3 genome constellation, which reflects the zoonotic transmission of the strain most probably from the ungulate group. This was also confirmed by the high nucleotide identity to those animal rotavirus strains.

National Laboratory Surveillance of Influenza in Macedonia during Four Seasons.

Objective: The aim of the study is to comprehend results of the influenza lab surveillance system in the Republic of Macedonia after the 2009 pandemic and to determine the main characteristics of four consecutive epidemic seasons (from 2010/2011 until 2013/2014).

Methods: As part of the universal surveillance system, nasal and throat specimens were collected from patients. After extraction of RNA, the CDC real-time RT-PCR assays for the detection of influenza types and subtypes were performed.

Whole-Genome Sequence of the First Sequence Type 27 Strain Isolated from European Waters.

spp. that cause marine brucellosis are becoming more important, as the disease appears to be more widespread than originally thought. Here, we report a whole and annotated genome sequence of CRO350, a sequence type 27 strain isolated from a bottlenose dolphin carcass found in the Croatian part of the northern Adriatic Sea.

Complete Genome Sequence of Lumpy Skin Disease Virus Isolate SERBIA/Bujanovac/2016, Detected during an Outbreak in the Balkan Area.

The lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) isolate SERBIA/Bujanovac/2016 consists of 150,661 nucleotides and has a 99.95% nucleotide identity with the Neethling Warmbaths LW strain isolated in South Africa in 1999. This is the first complete LSDV genome determined in Serbia and also in the Balkan area.

Clinical and laboratory features of human dirofilariasis in Russia.

The article presents the results of the prospective study of 266 patients with dirofilariasis who received medical and diagnostic assistance in Rostov Scientific Research Institute of Microbiology and Parasitology in Rostov-on-Don, Russia from 2000 to 2016. We have assessed the features of the dynamics of epidemiology of this infection in several territories of the Russian Federation, depending on the social structure of patients. Immature females of dirofilaria were found most commonly in humans (82.

Population structure and attribution of human clinical Campylobacter jejuni isolates from central Europe to livestock and environmental sources.

Campylobacter jejuni is among the most prevalent causes of human bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide. Domesticated animals and, especially, chicken meat are considered to be the main sources of infections. However, the contribution of surface waters and wildlife in C.

Interleukin-17C in Human Helicobacter pylori Gastritis.

The interleukin-17 (IL-17) family of cytokines (IL-17A to IL-17F) is involved in many inflammatory diseases. Although IL-17A is recognized as being involved in the pathophysiology of -associated diseases, the role of other IL-17 cytokine family members remains unclear. Microarray analysis of IL-17 family cytokines was performed in -infected and uninfected gastric biopsy specimens.

Complete Genome of Chronic Bee Paralysis Virus Strain SLO/M92/2010, Detected from .

Chronic bee paralysis virus (CBPV) causes an infectious and contagious disease of adult honeybees. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of CBPV strain SLO/M92/2010. This is the first published complete genome of CBPV in , which provides important additional knowledge about the divergence of the CBPV genome.

ADAPTATION OF HUMAN ROTAVIRUS STRAINS OF GROUP A TO THE REPRODUCTION IN PASSAGED CELL CULTURES.

The incidence of rotavirus gastroenteritis in the world still has no tendency to reduction. The development of an effective vaccine would reduce or, in the future, even defeat this highly contagious dangerous disease. However, both in Russia and abroad there is still no developed technique for adapting and cultivating strains of the human rotavirus A that would stably produce a high "yield" of virus progeny in transplanted culture cells.

Trichomonosis outbreak in a flock of canaries (Serinus canaria f. domestica) caused by a finch epidemic strain of Trichomonas gallinae.

In the present paper, an outbreak of trichomonosis in a flock of 15 breeding pairs of canaries is described. Trichomonosis was diagnosed on characteristic clinical signs, microscopic examination of crop/esophageal swabs, gross pathology and histopathology. Trichomonads were successfully grown in culture media and were characterized by multi-locus sequence typing.

New Approaches on Quantification of in Poultry Samples: The Use of Digital PCR and Real-time PCR against the ISO Standard Plate Count Method.

Campylobacteriosis is the most frequently reported bacterial food-borne illness in the European Union and contaminated broiler meat is considered the most important source of infection in humans. The aim of the present study was to evaluate real-time PCR (qPCR) and digital PCR (dPCR) for quantification of in 75 broiler neck-skin samples collected from a poultry slaughterhouse, and to compare them with the ISO 10272-2 standard plate count method. For qPCR standard curve, -negative neck-skin samples were spiked with suspension with a known number of bacterial cells.

Antimicrobial Resistance and Molecular Characterization of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamases and Other Escherichia coli Isolated from Food of Animal Origin and Human Intestinal Isolates.

Antibiotics have always appeared miraculous, saving innumerable lives. However, the unwise use of antimicrobial drugs has led to the appearance of resistant bacteria. The purpose of this study was to evaluate antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli (n =160) isolated from food of animal origin.

Clarithromycin-Based Triple Therapy is Still Useful as an Initial Treatment for Infection in the Dominican Republic.

Abstract antibiotic susceptibility in the Dominican Republic has not been monitored. We assessed antibiotic susceptibility in the Dominican Republic, and analyzed mutations associated with antibiotic resistance. We recruited 158 dyspeptic patients in Santo Domingo and used agar dilution to test susceptibility to five antibiotics.

[The prevalence and possibilities of serological diagnostic of reoviral infection.].

The information about manifestations and possible associations of reoviral infection is covered. The original results of studying prevalence, clinical significance and possibilities of serodiagnostic of reoviral infection under various pathological conditions. It is demonstrated that reoviral infection is widespread among adult population (60.

Complete Genome Sequence of a Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Subgenotype 1e Strain, SLO/2407/2006, Isolated in Slovenia.

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) subgenotype 1e was isolated for the first time in Slovenia in 2006. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of BVDV-1e, strain SLO/2407/2006. The published genome will increase our understanding of the molecular characteristics of the BVDV-1e strains circulating in Europe.

Mycobacteria in aquarium fish: results of a 3-year survey indicate caution required in handling pet-shop fish.

Fish are commonly infected with non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), which should be regarded as potential pathogens when handling aquarium fish and equipment. This study examined 107 aquarium fish from pet shops. Cultivation of the fish samples using different selective media was conducted for identification of NTM.

The first detection and whole genome characterization of the G6P[15] group A rotavirus strain from roe deer.

Although rotaviruses have been detected in a variety of host species, there are only limited records of their occurrence in deer, where their role is unknown. In this study, group A rotavirus was identified in roe deer during a study of enteric viruses in game animals. 102 samples of intestinal content were collected from roe deer (56), wild boars (29), chamois (10), red deer (6) and mouflon (1), but only one sample from roe deer was positive.

Infections Caused By Community-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus European Clone (ST80) In Slovenia Between 2006 And 2013: PRIKAZ PRIMEROV OKUŽB, POVZROČENIH S PROTI METICILINU ODPORNO BAKTERIJO STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS, DOMAČEGA OKOLJA, KI PRIPADA EVROPSKEMU KLONU (ST80) V SLOVENIJI V OBDOBJU MED 2006 IN 2013.

Introduction: According to the existing literature, a heterogeneous sequence type (ST) or clones of community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) circulate in Europe. In Europe, the European clone that belongs to sequence type ST80 is predominant.

Methods: The aim of the study was to investigate the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics and epidemiological data of CA-MRSA ST80 and its occurrence in Slovenia.

Complete Genome Sequence of the Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Strain SLO/JH-11/2015.

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) was detected for the first time in Slovenia in January 2015. The complete genome sequence of PEDV strain SLO/JH-11/2015, obtained from a fecal sample of a fattening pig with diarrhea in September 2015, is closely related to recently detected European strains.

Comparison of Directigen Flu A+B with Real Time PCR in the Diagnosis of Influenza.

Unlabelled: Early diagnosis and treatment of patients with influenza is the reason why physicians need rapid high-sensitivity influenza diagnostic tests that require no complex lab equipment and can be performed and interpreted within 15 min. The Aim of this study was to compare the rapid Directigen Flu A+B test with real time PCR for detection of influenza viruses in the Republic of Macedonia.

Materials And Methods: One-hundred-eight respiratory samples (combined nose and throat swabs) were routinely collected for detection of influenza virus during influenza seasons.

Periorbital Dirofilaria repens imported to Denmark: A human case report.

Dirofilaria repens, a filarial nematode of dogs and other carnivores, can accidentally infect humans. The infection occurs widely throughout Europe. We report a case of D.

High genetic similarity of ciprofloxacin-resistant Campylobacter jejuni in central Europe.

Campylobacteriosis is the leading zoonosis in the European Union with the majority of cases attributed to Campylobacter jejuni. Although the disease is usually self-limiting, some severe cases need to be treated with antibiotics, primarily macrolides and quinolones. However, the resistance to the latter is reaching alarming levels in most of the EU countries.

Can oral anaerobic bacteria cause adverse pregnancy outcomes?

Aim: Maternal periodontal infection has been recognized as a risk factor for premature and low birthweight infants. It is suspected that pathogens causing periodontal disease may translocate to the amniotic cavity and so contribute to triggering an adverse pregnancy outcome. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the presence of specific periodontal pathogens may influence the incidence of preterm labor and premature birth.

Protective effects of AT1-receptor blocker and CA antagonist combination on renal function in salt loaded spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Salt sensitive hypertension is known to be a contributing factor for the progression of kidney disease. This study was undertaken to investigate the role of excessive dietary salt on renal function and to evaluate the effect of valsartan and amlodipin given as a combination therapy on blood pressure and parameters specific to the renal function in salt loaded SHR rats. 48 male SHR rats at age of 20 weeks and body weight ranging between 270-350 g were used.