Discovery of unique African CagA-multimerization motif in the Dominican Republic.

Background: () colonizes the human stomach and is a major cause of peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer. However, although the prevalence of is high in Africa, the incidence of gastric cancer is low, and this phenomenon is called to be African enigma. The CagA protein produced by is the most studied virulence factor.

Description of the rare localization of Dirofilaria repens in human in the right inguinal lymph node.

D. repens is the causative agent of subcutaneous dirofilariasis in canine animals. In recent years, human invasion by this vector-borne helminthiasis has been recorded in many countries with temperate climate, but the localization of this helminth in the cavities of the human body is extremely rare.

Determination of Genetically Identical Strains of Four Honeybee Viruses in Bumblebee Positive Samples.

In recent years, there has been growing evidence that certain types of honeybee viruses could be transmitted between different pollinators. Within a voluntary monitoring programme, 180 honeybee samples () were collected from affected apiaries between 2007 and 2018. Also from August 2017 to August 2018, a total 148 samples of healthy bumblebees () were collected at four different locations in Slovenia, and all samples were tested by using RT-PCR methods for six honeybee viruses.

A Comprehensive Study of Cutaneous Fibropapillomatosis in Free-Ranging Roe Deer () and Red Deer (): from Clinical Manifestations to Whole-Genome Sequencing of Papillomaviruses.

Papillomaviruses (PVs) are an extremely large group of viruses that cause skin and mucosa infections in humans and various animals. In roe deer and red deer, most PVs belong to the genus and cause neoplastic changes that are generally described as fibropapillomas. Despite the wide distribution of roe and red deer throughout Europe and beyond, the data in the scientific literature regarding the widespread distribution of PVs and the genetic variability of PV genomes in these species are rather scarce.

Multiple insecticide resistance in Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) from Boyeros municipality, Cuba and associated mechanisms.

In this study, insecticide resistance and the mechanisms responsible were characterized in Ae. aegypti of Boyeros municipality from Havana, Cuba. Boyeros represents a high epidemiological risk because it is located near the Havana International Airport, it is highly urbanized, and it has a large influx of people from endemic countries so that it qualifies as a sentinel site for surveillance.

A molecular survey and phylogenetic analysis of porcine circovirus type 3 using oral fluid, faeces and serum.

Background: Porcine circovirus type 3 is the most recently discovered porcine circovirus, and an emerging pathogen. In this study the status of its presence on some Slovenian farms is reported. The effectiveness of the vaccine against porcine circovirus type 2 was assessed against porcine circovirus type 3.

Livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: Establishing links between animals and humans on livestock holdings.

Livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA) represents a concern in both human and veterinary medicine. The aim of this study was to investigate potential LA-MRSA transmission between animals and humans in rural settings. To this aim, a study was designed to include 14 farms in Slovenia, which were selected on the basis of a farmer (initial patient) with confirmed LA-MRSA infection and regular animal contacts.

Bactericidal effect on skin mucosa of dietary guava (Psidium guajava L.) leaves in hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus × O. mossambicus).

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Due to the intensification practices in global aquaculture, fish are often confined in small volumes, which can results in outbreak diseases. In this context, the use of antibiotics is very usual. Thus, looking for natural substance able to reduce the use of the antibiotics is imperative.

First Complete Genome of Lake Sinai Virus Lineage 3 and Genetic Diversity of Lake Sinai Virus Strains From Honey Bees and Bumble Bees.

The complete genome of Lake Sinai virus 3 (LSV3) was sequenced by the Ion Torrent next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology from an archive sample of honey bees collected in 2010. This strain M92/2010 is the first complete genome sequence of LSV lineage 3. From October 2016 to December 2017, 56 honey bee samples from 32 different locations and 41 bumble bee samples from five different locations were collected.

Clinical and histologic tissue responses of skin incisions closed with glycomer 631 and lactomer 9-1 using a subcuticular technique in pigs.

Background: Glycomer 631 and lactomer 9-1 are absorbable suture materials indicated for soft tissue approximation in non-infected wounds. Pigs are often used as surgical models in translational research; however, reports of tissue reactions to both suture materials in pigs are limited. The aim of this study was to assess clinical and histologic responses of skin incisions closed with a subcuticular technique using glycomer 631 and lactomer 9-1 in pigs.

A molecular survey, whole genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of astroviruses from roe deer.

Background: Although astroviruses (AstV) have been detected in a variety of host species, there are only limited records of their occurrence in deer. One of the most important game species in Europe, due to its meat and antlers, is roe deer. Infected game animals can pose a threat to the health of other animals and of humans, so more attention needs to be focused on understanding the diversity of viruses in wildlife.

Corrigendum: Evaluation of Human Milk Microbiota by 16S rRNA Gene Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) and Cultivation/MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry Identification.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.

sp. nov., sp. nov., and sp. nov., isolated from gastric mucosa of red foxes ().

Six -like isolates were recovered from 15 gastric mucosa samples of red foxes () shot by hunters in the surroundings of Ljubljana, Slovenia. Gram-negative, tightly coiled, intensely motile, 7-15 µm long and ≤1 µm wide bacteria grew on the biphasic blood agar plates. By using a genus-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR), all isolates were confirmed as sp.

Genome sequence of an aichivirus detected in a common pipistrelle bat (Pipistrellus pipistrellus).

The family Picornaviridae includes important human and animal pathogens that are associated with a wide range of diseases and, in some cases, have zoonotic potential. During epidemiological surveillance of bats, we identified, by next-generation sequencing (NGS) techniques, the presence of picornavirus RNA in a common pipistrelle bat (Pipistrellus pipistrellus). By coupling NGS, primer-walking strategies, and sequence-independent protocols to obtain the sequences of the 5' and 3' termini, we reconstructed the genome sequence of picornavirus strain ITA/2017/189/18-155.

Implications of Cattle Trade for the Spread and Control of Infectious Diseases in Slovenia.

The objectives of this study were to gain insight into the structure of the cattle trade network in Slovenia and to evaluate the potential for infectious disease spread through movements. The study considered cattle movements between different types of premises that occurred between August 1, 2011 and July 31, 2016 with the exclusion of the movements to the end nodes (e.g.

Post-epidemic investigation of Schmallenberg virus in wild ruminants in Slovenia.

Schmallenberg virus (SBV) is a vector-borne virus belonging to the genus Orthobunyavirus within the Bunyaviridae family. SBV emerged in Europe in 2011 and was characterized by epidemics of abortions, stillbirths and congenital malformations in domestic ruminants. The first evidence of SBV infection in Slovenia was from an ELISA-positive sample from a cow collected in August 2012; clinical manifestations of SBV disease in sheep and cattle were observed in 2013, with SBV RNA detected in samples collected from a total of 28 herds.

Genetic diversity of Listeria monocytogenes strains in ruminant abortion and rhombencephalitis cases in comparison with the natural environment.

Background: Listeria monocytogenes is the causative agent of listeriosis, a serious disease affecting both animals and humans. Here, multilocus sequence typing (MLST) was used to characterize the genetic diversity of Listeria monocytogenes strains isolated from the natural environment and animal clinical cases in Europe. The prevalence of clonal complexes (CCs) obtained was compared according to (i) the origin of isolation - clinical cases vs.

Evaluation of Human Milk Microbiota by 16S rRNA Gene Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) and Cultivation/MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry Identification.

The aim of the present study was to characterize human milk microbiota (HMM) with 16S rRNA gene amplicon next-generation sequencing and cultivation/matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI)-time of flight (TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) identification approaches. We analyzed 31 human milk samples from healthy Slovenian mothers. To check the accuracy of MALDI-TOF MS identification, several colonies representing most abundant genera and those, which could not be reliably identified by MALDI-TOF, were subjected to Sanger sequencing of their 16S rRNA gene.

Nearly Complete Genome Sequences of Two Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Isolates, Subtype 1f Strain SLO/1170/2000 and Subtype 1d Strain SLO/2416/2002.

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) subtypes 1f and 1d were isolated for the first time in Slovenia in 1999 and detected later in a majority of BVDV-infected cattle herds. Here, we report the first nearly complete genome sequences of noncytopathogenic BVDV-1f strain SLO/1170/2000 and cytopathogenic BVDV-1d strain SLO/2416/2002, isolated in Slovenia.

Comparative study between Helicobacter pylori and host human genetics in the Dominican Republic.

Background: Helicobacter pylori, a bacterium that infects the human stomach, has high genetic diversity. Because its evolution is parallel to human, H. pylori is used as a tool to trace human migration.

Retrospective investigation of listeriosis outbreaks in small ruminants using different analytical approaches for whole genome sequencing-based typing of Listeria monocytogenes.

Listeria monocytogenes is the causative agent of listeriosis, a serious disease affecting both humans and animals. While listeriosis outbreaks in humans are commonly investigated in detail, routine typing of L. monocytogenes is generally not performed in animal outbreaks.

Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Campylobacter isolates in the Capital of North Macedonia.

Background: Campylobacter infections are typically self-limited, but in cases with severe enteritis, immuno-compromised system and bacteremia, an appropriate antimicrobial treatment is demanding. Our study aim was to determine the isolation rate of Campylobacter among patients with acute enteritis in the capital of North Macedonia and its antimicrobial susceptibility.

Material And Methods: A total number of 3820 patients clinically diagnosed as acute enteritis, were included in the study.

Microbiological Aspects of Naturally Occurring Primary Endodontic Infections in Dogs.

Dental fractures are common in dogs, but data on microbiology of naturally occurring primary endodontic infections, and their relation to clinical and radiographic signs, are lacking. Samples were obtained from root canals of 32 periodontally healthy fractured teeth under aseptic conditions and immediately cultured for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. Cultures were further identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization, time of flight technology.

Source tracking on a dairy farm reveals a high occurrence of subclinical mastitis due to hypervirulent Listeria monocytogenes clonal complexes.

Aims: An extensive source investigation was conducted on a dairy farm with neurolisteriosis and subclinical mastitis cases to identify infection source and potential transmission routes of Listeria monocytogenes.

Methods And Results: A total of 36 L. monocytogenes isolates were obtained from animal clinical cases (neurolisteriosis and udder infection) and the farm environment (silage, faeces, water).

Distribution of Ribotypes in Macedonian Patients and their Antimicrobial Susceptibility.

Background: is a major nosocomial pathogen. In Europe, this bacterium is mostly characterised by PCR ribotyping. Most of the infections (CDI) are treated with vancomycin or metronidazole, although prolonged antibiotic use is considered as one of the main risk factors for CDI.