Effect of a helium and oxygen mixture on physiological parameters of rats with cerebral arterial air embolism.

Cerebral arterial air embolism (CAE) is a serious and potentially dangerous condition that can interrupt the blood supply to the brain and cause stroke. One of the promising gas mixtures for emergency treatment of air embolism is an oxygen-helium mixture. We modeled CAE in awake rats by injecting air into the common carotid artery.

Study of the pharmacokinetics of various drugs under conditions of antiorthostatic hypokinesia and the pharmacokinetics of acetaminophen under long-term spaceflight conditions.

Objectives: To study the pharmacokinetics and relative bioavailability of drugs of different chemical structure and pharmacological action under conditions simulating the effects of some factors of spaceflight, as well as the peculiarities of the pharmacokinetics of acetaminophen under long-term spaceflight conditions.

Methods: The pharmacokinetics of verapamil (n=8), propranolol (n=8), etacizine (n=9), furosemide (n=6), and acetaminophen (n=7) in healthy volunteers after a single oral administration under normal conditions (background) and under antiorthostatic hypokinesia (ANOH), the pharmacokinetics of acetaminophen in spaceflight members under normal ground conditions (background) (n=8) and under prolonged spaceflight conditions (SF) (n=5) were studied.

Results: The stay of volunteers under antiorthostatic hypokinesia had different effects on the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of drugs: Compared to background, there was a decreasing trend in V for verapamil (-54 Δ%), furosemide (-20 Δ%), propranolol (-8 Δ%), and acetaminophen (-9 Δ%), but a statistically significant increase in V was found for etacizine (+39 Δ%); there was an increasing trend in Cl for propranolol (+13 Δ%) and acetaminophen (+16 Δ%), and a decreasing trend in Cl for etacizine, verapamil, and furosemide (-22, -23 and -9 Δ% respectively) in ANOH.

Evaluation of the stability of furosemide in tablet form during six-month storage in spaceflight and peculiarities of its pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics under conditions of anti-orthostatic hypokinesia.

Objectives: The present study investigated the stability of furosemide under space-flight conditions on board the International Space Station, as well as its pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics under conditions simulating exposure to some space-flight factors.

Methods: Quantitative analysis of furosemide tablets by HPLC was performed before spaceflight (background), then after six months storage under normal ground conditions (control) and under spaceflight conditions (SF). The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of furosemide were studied in six healthy volunteers after a single oral dose of 40 mg under normal conditions (background) and under anti-orthostatic hypokinesia (ANOH).

Study of the pharmacokinetics of various drugs under conditions of antiorthostatic hypokinesia and the pharmacokinetics of acetaminophen under long-term spaceflight conditions.

Objectives: To study the pharmacokinetics and relative bioavailability of drugs of different chemical structure and pharmacological action under conditions simulating the effects of some factors of spaceflight, as well as the peculiarities of the pharmacokinetics of acetaminophen under long-term spaceflight conditions.

Methods: The pharmacokinetics of verapamil (n=8), propranolol (n=8), etacizine (n=9), furosemide (n=6), and acetaminophen (n=7) in healthy volunteers after a single oral administration under normal conditions (background) and under antiorthostatic hypokinesia (ANOH), the pharmacokinetics of acetaminophen in spaceflight members under normal ground conditions (background) (n=8) and under prolonged spaceflight conditions (SF) (n=5) were studied.

Results: The stay of volunteers under antiorthostatic hypokinesia had different effects on the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of drugs: Compared to background, there was a decreasing trend in V for verapamil (-54 Δ%), furosemide (-20 Δ%), propranolol (-8 Δ%), and acetaminophen (-9 Δ%), but a statistically significant increase in V was found for etacizine (+39 Δ%); there was an increasing trend in Cl for propranolol (+13 Δ%) and acetaminophen (+16 Δ%), and a decreasing trend in Cl for etacizine, verapamil, and furosemide (-22, -23 and -9 Δ% respectively) in ANOH.

[Mechanisms of the wound-healing action of native collagen type I in ischemic model full-thickness skin wounds on the example - medical devices Collost «(part I)].

Unlabelled: Active collagen type I successfully used in regenerative medicine. However, despite the large amount of material of cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying skin repair, the molecular mechanisms of wound healing with use collagen type I, not studied enough.

Purpose Of The Study: To study the mechanism of the native collagen type I wound-healing action of native type I collagen on the example of the medical device Collost (7% gel) in a model of the rats difficult-to-heal skin wounds.

[The impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on the elderly mental health and psychosocial support.].

The spread of the COVID-19 epidemic is accompanied by psychosocial problems that have negative consequences for the mental health (MH) and quality of life (QoL) of the majority of the population. The elderly (65+ individuals) with chronic somatic diseases and reduced adaptation reserves are particularly at risk. In General, the epidemic highlighted the growing problems of psychosocial work with the 65+ cohort in the conditions of progressive aging of the population of many developed and developing countries.

[Medical Errors: Medical, Social and Legal Aspects].

The article examines the main types of medical errors and their causes. It systemizes typical iatrogenic diseases. The work defines leading directions for medical errors prevention, including the effective usage of simulation learning technologies.