1,382 results match your criteria: "Institute of Medical Technology[Affiliation]"

A novel relative-equilibrium graphical plot for rapid reversible tracer studies in dynamic PET imaging.

Phys Med Biol

July 2024

Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China.

This study aims to address the issue of long scan durations required by traditional graphical analysis methods, such as the Logan plot and its variant, the reversible equilibrium (RE) Logan plot, for dynamic PET imaging of tracer kinetics.We propose a relative RE Logan model that builds on the principles of the Logan plot and its variant to significantly reduce scan time without compromising the accuracy of tracer kinetics analysis. The model is supported by theoretical evidence and experimental validations, including two computer simulations and one clinical data analysis.

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Burden of Child Anemia Attributable to Fine Particulate Matters Brought by Sand Dusts in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.

Environ Sci Technol

July 2024

Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics/Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases (PKU), School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing 100083, China.

Addressing environmental factors has recently been recommended to curb the growing trend of anemia in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Fine particulate matter (PM) generated by dust storms were concentrated in place with a high prevalence of anemia. In a multicounty, multicenter study, we analyzed the association between anemia and life-course averaged exposure to dust PM among children aged <5 years based on 0.

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Sickle-cell Disease (SCD) is a major public health problem in Africa, and there are significant obstacles to its comprehensive management, particularly in terms of access to appropriate healthcare. This calls for inventive approaches to improve patients' prospects. Among the major challenges to be met are the primary and secondary prevention of certain serious complications associated with the disease, such as neurocognitive, motor and respiratory functional disorders.

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Recent studies suggest a potential association between myocardial bridging (MB) and accelerated atherosclerotic plaque formation. We describe the case report of a 37-year-old South Asian male with no established risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD) who presented with a non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) with a coincident widowmaker lesion and severe MB. He was successfully managed with comprehensive guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) and urgent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) of the culprit lesion, sparing the MB segment.

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Familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neuromuscular disorder that is due to mutations in one of several target genes, including . So far, clinical records, rodent studies, and models have yielded arguments for either a primary motor neuron disease, or a pleiotropic pathogenesis of ALS. While mouse models lack the human origin, models using human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) have been recently developed for addressing ALS pathogenesis.

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Article Synopsis
  • This study focuses on improving a commercial deep learning auto-segmentation model for rectal cancer radiotherapy by using a method called localized fine-tuning (LFT), addressing the issue of performance decline when models are used in real clinical settings.
  • Researchers evaluated the model's effectiveness by dividing 120 rectal cancer patients into training and validation datasets, and they compared the LFT model's performance against the vendor-provided pretrained model (VPM) using various accuracy metrics.
  • Results showed that LFT significantly enhanced the accuracy for marking clinical target volumes, especially improving the segmentation of complex structures, with no performance degradation noted when tested in different clinical environments.
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Pre- vs Post-Operative Levator Ani Subtended Volume in Patients Undergoing Hysterectomy: A Comparative Imaging Study.

Int Urogynecol J

August 2024

Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, 100033, China.

Introduction And Hypothesis: The effects of hysterectomy on pelvic floor function remain uncertain, with the levator ani muscle (LAM) playing a critical role in pelvic support. The levator ani subtended volume (LASV) is an objective measure of the LAM's anatomical volume, derived from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This study was aimed at assessing the consistency between MRI and computed tomography (CT) in quantifying LASV, and to investigate the effect of hysterectomy on the LAM.

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Nucleotides (NTs) act as pivotal regulatory factors in numerous biological processes, playing indispensable roles in growth, development, and metabolism across organisms. This study delves into the effects of exogenous NTs on hepatic insulin resistance using palmitic-acid-induced HepG2 cells, administering interventions at three distinct dosage levels of exogenous NTs. The findings underscore that exogenous NT intervention augments glucose consumption in HepG2 cells, modulates the expression of glycogen-synthesis-related enzymes (glycogen synthase kinase 3β and glycogen synthase), and influences glycogen content.

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Article Synopsis
  • - The study assessed the effects of high-quality protein supplements (soy, milk, whey, and casein) on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors through a comprehensive search of multiple scientific databases.
  • - Results showed that all protein types contributed to lowering systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol, with whey showing the most significant improvements in cardiometabolic health.
  • - Specifically, soy and milk proteins were effective in reducing blood pressure and cholesterol, while whey protein also positively influenced triglycerides and fasting blood insulin levels, with variations depending on individuals' health status (such as hypertension and obesity).
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Tracking intra-species and inter-genus transmission of KPC through global plasmids mining.

Cell Rep

June 2024

Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China; Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China. Electronic address:

Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC) poses a major public health risk. Understanding its transmission dynamics requires examining the epidemiological features of related plasmids. Our study compiled 15,660 bla-positive isolates globally over the past two decades.

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Unleashing the potential: super-resolution microscopy as the key to advanced mitochondrial research.

Med Rev (2021)

June 2024

Biomedical Engineering Department, Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, International Cancer Institute, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, China.

Investigating the fine structure of mitochondria and their dynamic interactions with other organelles is crucial for unraveling the mechanisms underlying mitochondrial-related diseases. The development of super-resolution techniques has provided powerful visualization tools for mitochondrial research, which is significant for investigating mitochondrial cristae structure, the localization of mitochondrial-related protein complex, and the interactions between mitochondria and other organelles. In this perspective, we introduce several advanced super-resolution techniques and their applications in mitochondrial research, and discuss the potential roles these techniques may play in future studies of mitochondria.

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Global evolutionary dynamics of virulence genes in ST11-KL47 carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Int J Antimicrob Agents

August 2024

Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China; Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China. Electronic address:

Article Synopsis
  • - ST11-KL47 is a strain of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) that presents a significant health risk in China, requiring study of its virulence gene evolution using 78 isolates from various cities.
  • - Researchers found that virulence genes were primarily located in large hybrid plasmids formed by the combination of existing plasmids, which adapt and integrate virulence genes into bacteria’s chromosomes through specific insertion sequences.
  • - The study indicates that while these hybrid plasmids enhance virulence, transferring virulence genes to chromosomes leads to better survival and reduced pathogen strength, demonstrating a balance between fitness and pathogenicity across different environments worldwide.
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Electroencephalography (EEG) studies increasingly utilize more mobile experimental protocols, leading to more and stronger artifacts in the recorded data. Independent Component Analysis (ICA) is commonly used to remove these artifacts. It is standard practice to remove artifactual samples before ICA to improve the decomposition, for example using automatic tools such as the sample rejection option of the AMICA algorithm.

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Introduction: Gender-based violence (GBV) is a major public health problem that disproportionately affects women. In Cameroon, as well as other countries worldwide, GBV has immediate effects on women's health, with one in three women experiencing physical or sexual violence from an intimate partner, affecting their physical and reproductive health. The objective of this study was to determine the health risks associated with GBV among women in Yaoundé.

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The diabetic wound healing is challenging due to the sabotaged delicate balance of immune regulation via an undetermined pathophysiological mechanism, so it is crucial to decipher multicellular signatures underlying diabetic wound healing and seek therapeutic strategies. Here, this work develops a strategy using novel trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO)-derived zwitterionic hydrogel to promote diabetic wound healing, and explore the multi-cellular ecosystem around zwitterionic hydrogel, mapping out an overview of different cells in the zwitterionic microenvironment by single-cell RNA sequencing. The diverse cellular heterogeneity is revealed, highlighting the critical role of macrophage and neutrophils in managing diabetic wound healing.

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The , a black scorpion species endemic to the fauna of Trinidad, has been implicated in envenomation with devastating clinical sequelae such as acute pancreatitis and major adverse cardiovascular events. We present the first in-Caribbean case of a 59-year-old Caribbean South Asian male with human immunodeficiency virus who presented with a non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndrome after being stung, which was managed with comprehensive, guideline-directed medical therapy. The clinician should be cognizant of scorpion-induced acute coronary syndrome (ACS) as a potential sequela of envenomation and its clinical management.

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BrainLossNet: a fast, accurate and robust method to estimate brain volume loss from longitudinal MRI.

Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg

September 2024

Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.

Purpose: MRI-derived brain volume loss (BVL) is widely used as neurodegeneration marker. SIENA is state-of-the-art for BVL measurement, but limited by long computation time. Here we propose "BrainLossNet", a convolutional neural network (CNN)-based method for BVL-estimation.

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Introduction: The predictive value of immunological fecal occult blood (iFOB) testing for the screening of colorectal cancer has been well described in the Western world. However, its relevance in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is not well evaluated. It could be altered by the other causes of lower gastrointestinal bleeding such as parasitic infections.

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Background: Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae rank among the primary bacterial culprits in neonatal infections and fatalities in sub-Saharan Africa. This study characterized the phenotypic and genotypic features of E coli and K pneumoniae in a labor ward in Yaoundé, Cameroon.

Methods: A prospective and cross-sectional study spanning 5months, from February 21, 2022 to June 30, 2022.

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Impact of Topical 0.05% Cyclosporine A Eye Drops on Post-Femtosecond-Assisted Laser In Situ Keratomileusis Ocular Surface Recovery: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Eye Contact Lens

August 2024

Department of Ophthalmology (L.Z., H.D., B.M., Y.Z., Y.L., Y.C., H.Q.), Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Restoration of Damaged Ocular Nerve, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China; Department of Ophthalmology (T.Y.), Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; and Institute of Medical Technology (J.C., H.Q.), Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.

Objectives: To investigate the effect of topical 0.05% cyclosporine A (CsA) eye drops as an adjunct to conventional therapy in maintaining post-femtosecond-assisted laser in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK) ocular surface stability.

Methods: Sixty-six patients (eyes) undergoing FS-LASIK were randomized into 2 groups: 33 patients (eyes) in group I (conventional treatment group) and 33 patients (eyes) in group II (CsA group).

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Objective: To unveil the pathological changes associated with demyelination in schizophrenia (SZ) and its consequential impact on interstitial fluid (ISF) drainage, and to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of ursolic acid (UA) in treating demyelination and the ensuing abnormalities in ISF drainage in SZ.

Methods: Female C57BL/6J mice, aged 6-8 weeks and weighing (20±2) g, were randomly divided into three groups: control, SZ model, and UA treatment. The control group received intraperitoneal injection (ip) of physiological saline and intragastric administration (ig) of 1% carboxymethylcellulose sodium (CMC-Na).

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To evaluate the application value of portable pulse oximeter in adult obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). This study prospectively enrolled adult patients who underwent polysomnography (PSG) due to snoring at the Respiratory and Sleep Medicine Department of Peking University People's Hospital from July 2022 to July 2023. During PSG monitoring, CS-WOxi was continuously used to monitor blood oxygen levels.

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Optical coherence tomography (OCT), owing to its non-invasive nature, has demonstrated tremendous potential in clinical practice and has become a prevalent diagnostic method. Nevertheless, the inherent speckle noise and low sampling rate in OCT imaging often limit the quality of OCT images. In this paper, we propose a lightweight Transformer to efficiently reconstruct high-quality images from noisy and low-resolution OCT images acquired by short scans.

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Dual-channel air-pulse optical coherence elastography for frequency-response analysis.

Biomed Opt Express

May 2024

Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology Joint Laboratory, School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, China.

Microliter air-pulse optical coherence elastography (OCE) has recently been proposed for the characterization of soft-tissue biomechanics using transient, sub-nanometer to micrometer-scale natural frequency oscillations. However, previous studies have not been able to provide real-time air-pulse monitoring during OCE natural frequency measurement, which could lead to inaccurate measurement results due to the unknown excitation spectrum. To address this issue, we introduce a dual-channel air-pulse OCE method, with one channel stimulating the sample and the other being simultaneously measured with a pressure sensor.

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An ultrahigh-speed, wide-field OCT system for the imaging of anterior, posterior, and ocular biometers is crucial for obtaining comprehensive ocular parameters and quantifying ocular pathology size. Here, we demonstrate a multi-parametric ophthalmic OCT system with a speed of up to 1 MHz for wide-field imaging of the retina and 50 kHz for anterior chamber and ocular biometric measurement. A spectrum correction algorithm is proposed to ensure the accurate pairing of adjacent A-lines and elevate the A-scan speed from 500 kHz to 1 MHz for retinal imaging.

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