Efficacy of small back optic zone design on myopia control for corneal refractive therapy (CRT): a one-year prospective cohort study.

Background: To investigate the control effect on the axial length elongation using corneal refractive therapy (CRT) with different optical zone diameters (BOZDs). We also sought to compare the difference in higher-order aberrations (HOAs), treatment zone (TZ) size and Zernike defocus coefficient with different BOZDs and seek the optimal parameter for predicting axial elongation.

Methods: This prospective cohort study included 7- to 14-year-olds fitted with orthokeratology (ortho-K) lenses of 5-mm (5-mm group) or 6-mm BOZD (6-mm group).

Development and Validation of Data-Level Innovation Data-Balancing Machine Learning Models for Predicting Optimal Implantable Collamer Lens Size and Postoperative Vault.

Introduction: There are only four sizes of implantable collamer lens (ICL) available for selection, which cannot completely fit all patients as a result of the discontinuity of ICL sizes. Sizing an optimal ICL and predicting postoperative vault are still unresolved problems. This study aimed to develop and validate innovative data-level data-balancing machine learning-based models for predicting ICL size and postoperative vault.

Near-Infrared-II Nanoparticles for Vascular Normalization Combined with Immune Checkpoint Blockade via Photodynamic Immunotherapy Inhibit Uveal Melanoma Growth and Metastasis.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been widely employed in tumor treatment due to its effectiveness. However, the tumor hypoxic microenvironment which is caused by abnormal vasculature severely limits the efficacy of PDT. Furthermore, the abnormal vasculature has been implicated in the failure of immunotherapy.

A dual-process of targeted and unbiased Nanopore sequencing enables accurate and rapid diagnosis of lower respiratory infections.

Background: Nanopore metagenomics has been used for infectious disease diagnosis for bacterial pathogens. However, this technology currently lacks comprehensive performance studies in clinical settings for simultaneous detection of bacteria, fungi, and viruses.

Methods: We developed a dual-process of Nanopore sequencing for one sample, with unbiased metagenomics in Meta process and target enrichment in Panel process (Nanopore Meta-Panel process, NanoMP) and prospectively enrolled 450 respiratory specimens from multiple centers.

Efficacy of high-dose-rate brachytherapy with different radiation source activities among cervical cancer patients and risk factors for long-term outcomes: A 6-year retrospective study.

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the impact of dose rates due to natural decay of Iridium-192 sources and the risk factors of clinical outcomes for cervical cancer patients treated with high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy.

Methods And Materials: Four ninety-four patients were divided into relatively-high-radioactive (rHR), relatively-medium-radioactive (rMR), and relatively-low-radioactive (rLR) groups for retrospective treatment response comparison. The short-term outcomes were evaluated using the 1-month /3-month follow-up results based on RECIST 1.

Robust stochastic optimization of needle configurations for robotic HDR prostate brachytherapy.

Background: Ideally, inverse planning for HDR brachytherapy (BT) should include the pose of the needles which define the trajectory of the source. This would be particularly interesting when considering the additional freedom and accuracy in needle pose which robotic needle placement enables. However, needle insertion typically leads to tissue deformation, resulting in uncertainty regarding the actual pose of the needles with respect to the tissue.

KLHDC7B as a novel diagnostic biomarker in urine exosomal mRNA promotes bladder urothelial carcinoma cell proliferation and migration, inhibits apoptosis.

Bladder cancer is a common kind of urinary system cancer, in which bladder urothelial carcinoma (BLCA) comprises approximately 90% of all bladder cancer types. In our previous study, we discovered KLHDC7B in urine exosomal messenger RNA (mRNA) as a prospective molecular marker for bladder cancer detection. To systematically study the role and mechanism of KLHDC7B in BLCA, we focused on the most common type of BLCA in this study.

HLA-C*07:01 and HLA-DQB1*02:01 protect against white matter hyperintensities and deterioration of cognitive function: A population-based cohort study.

Background: Neuroinflammation and aberrant immune regulation are increasingly implicated in the pathophysiology of white matter hyperintensities (WMH), an imaging marker of cerebrovascular pathologies and predictor of cognitive impairment. The role of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes, critical in immunoregulation and associated with susceptibility to neurodegenerative diseases, in WMH pathophysiology remains unexplored.

Methods: We performed association analyses between classical HLA alleles and WMH volume, derived from MRI scans of 38 302 participants in the UK Biobank.

Multi-Omics Reveals the Genetic and Metabolomic Architecture of Chirality Directed Stem Cell Lineage Diversification.

Chirality-directed stem-cell-fate determination involves coordinated transcriptional and metabolomics programming that is only partially understood. Here, using high-throughput transcriptional-metabolic profiling and pipeline network analysis, the molecular architecture of chirality-guided mesenchymal stem cell lineage diversification is revealed. A total of 4769 genes and 250 metabolites are identified that are significantly biased by the biomimetic chiral extracellular microenvironment (ECM).

Deep learning models of ultrasonography significantly improved the differential diagnosis performance for superficial soft-tissue masses: a retrospective multicenter study.

Background: Most of superficial soft-tissue masses are benign tumors, and very few are malignant tumors. However, persistent growth, of both benign and malignant tumors, can be painful and even life-threatening. It is necessary to improve the differential diagnosis performance for superficial soft-tissue masses by using deep learning models.

The change of Siglec-9 expression in peripheral blood NK cells of SFTS patients can affect the function of NK cells.

Objectives: To investigate the changes and mechanism of Siglec-9 on NK cells in peripheral blood of patients with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS).

Methods: First, we used single-cell RNA sequencing to analyze the frequency of NK cells in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) of SFTS patients and healthy controls (HCs), as well as the differences in the genes on NK cells. Secondly, we analyzed the expression of Siglec-9 and other receptors on NK cells by flow cytometry.

Circulating Metabolites and Dental Traits: A Mendelian Randomization Study.

It is of great importance to uncover causal biomarkers to gain insight into the pathogenesis of oral diseases and identify novel treatment targets for prevention and treatment thereof. This study aimed to systematically evaluate the causal effects of hundreds of metabolites on 10 dental traits using a 2-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach. Genetic variants from genome-wide association studies of 309 known metabolites were used as instrumental variables.

Prevalence and molecular characterization of isolated from children and calves in Babylon province, Iraq.

Background And Aim: is one of the most prevalent intestinal parasites in humans and animals, and children in close contact with livestock are particularly at risk of infection. This study aimed to detect assemblages of and determine the origin of zoonotic transmission of in children and calves in different parts of Babylon province, Iraq.

Materials And Methods: One hundred stool samples from children (68 boys and 32 girls) and 100 fecal samples from calves (46 males and 54 females) of different ages were randomly collected.

Automatic triaging of acute ischemic stroke patients for reperfusion therapies using Artificial Intelligence methods and multiple MRI features: A review.

Background: The selection of appropriate treatments for Acute Ischemic Stroke (AIS), including Intravenous (IV) tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and Mechanical thrombectomy, is a critical aspect of clinical decision-making. Timely treatment is essential, with recommended administration of therapies within 4.5 h of symptom onset.

Towards deep-learning (DL) based fully automated target delineation for rectal cancer neoadjuvant radiotherapy using a divide-and-conquer strategy: a study with multicenter blind and randomized validation.

Purpose: Manual clinical target volume (CTV) and gross tumor volume (GTV) delineation for rectal cancer neoadjuvant radiotherapy is pivotal but labor-intensive. This study aims to propose a deep learning (DL)-based workflow towards fully automated clinical target volume (CTV) and gross tumor volume (GTV) delineation for rectal cancer neoadjuvant radiotherapy.

Materials & Methods: We retrospectively included 141 patients with Stage II-III mid-low rectal cancer and randomly grouped them into training (n = 121) and testing (n = 20) cohorts.

Higher Adherence to the AMED, DASH, and CHFP Dietary Patterns Is Associated with Better Cognition among Chinese Middle-Aged and Elderly Adults.

The available evidence regarding the association between adherence to the Alternate Mediterranean Diet (AMED) and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) dietary patterns and cognitive performance exhibits inconsistency, and its applicability within the Asian population remains uncertain. The association between adherence to the Chinese Food Pagoda (CHFP) and cognitive function is also unknown. In this study, we aimed to assess the association between adherence to the AMED, DASH, and CHFP different dietary patterns and cognitive function.

Molecular Typing of , , and Genes in .

Aim: Serratia marcescens genes fumC, icd, and mdh were molecularly typed in various groups of 200 clinical samples.

Results: According to the findings, 38 (19%) of the isolates are Serratia marcescens. All these bacterial isolates had their DNA extracted.

Heat exposure and hospitalizations for chronic kidney disease in China: a nationwide time series study in 261 major Chinese cities.

Background: Climate change profoundly shapes the population health at the global scale. However, there was still insufficient and inconsistent evidence for the association between heat exposure and chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Methods: In the present study, we studied the association of heat exposure with hospitalizations for cause-specific CKD using a national inpatient database in China during the study period of hot season from 2015 to 2018.

Spatiotemporally-Programmed Dual-Acid-Sensitive Nanoworms of Albumin-Poly(tertiary amine)-Doxorubicin Conjugates for Enhanced Cancer Chemotherapy.

Nanomedicines are potentially useful for targeted cancer chemotherapy; however, it is difficult to design nanomedicines with controllable structures and functions to overcome a series of biological and pathological barriers to efficiently kill cancer cells in vivo. Here, this work reports in situ growth of dual-acid-sensitive poly(tertiary amine)-doxorubicin conjugates from albumin to form dual-acid-sensitive albumin-poly(tertiary amine)-doxorubicin conjugates that self-assemble into nanospheres and nanoworms in a controlled manner. Both nanospheres and nanoworms rapidly dissociate into positively-charged unimers at pH < 6.

Heavy metals in drinking water and periodontitis: evidence from the national oral health survey from China.

Background: Periodontitis has become an increasingly important public health issue, coupled with a high economic burden for prevention and treatment. Exposure to essential trace heavy metals has been associated with various diseases; however, the relationships between essential trace heavy metals and periodontitis remain inconclusive.

Objectives: To investigate the association between essential trace heavy metals in tap water and periodontitis in a nationally representative sample in China.

Mining electronic health records using artificial intelligence: Bibliometric and content analyses for current research status and product conversion.

Background: The use of Electronic Health Records is the most important milestone in the digitization and intelligence of the entire medical industry. AI can effectively mine the immense medical information contained in EHRs, potentially assist doctors in reducing many medical errors.

Objective: This article aims to summarize the research status and trends in using AI to mine medical information from EHRs for the past thirteen years and investigate its information application.

Inflammatory profile of vertically HIV-1 infected adolescents receiving ART in Cameroon: a contribution toward optimal pediatric HIV control strategies.

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has improved the lifespan of people living with HIV. However, their immune system remains in a state of sustained activation/inflammation, which favors viral replication and depletion of helper T-cells with varying profiles according to ART-response. We herein sought to ascertain the inflammatory profile of adolescents living with perinatal HIV-1 infection (ALPHI) receiving ART in an African context.

Current Status and Trends in mHealth-Based Research for Treatment and Intervention in Tinnitus: Bibliometric and Comparative Product Analysis.

Background: As a global medical problem, tinnitus can seriously harm human health and is difficult to alleviate, ranking among the top 3 complex diseases in the otolaryngology field. Traditional cognitive behavioral therapy and sound therapy require offline face-to-face treatment with medical staff and have limited effectiveness. Mobile health (mHealth), which, in recent decades, has been greatly applied in the field of rehabilitation health care, improving access to health care resources and the quality of services, has potential research value in the adjunctive treatment of tinnitus.

Machine learning in predicting -score in the Oxford classification system of IgA nephropathy.

Background: Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) is one of the leading causes of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). Many studies have shown the significance of pathological manifestations in predicting the outcome of patients with IgAN, especially -score of Oxford classification. Evaluating prognosis may be hampered in patients without renal biopsy.