Zika a Vector Borne Disease Detected in Newer States of India Amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background: During the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, outbreaks of Zika were reported from Kerala, Uttar Pradesh, and Maharashtra, India in 2021. The Dengue and Chikungunya negative samples were retrospectively screened to determine the presence of the Zika virus from different geographical regions of India.

Methods: During May to October 2021, the clinical samples of 1475 patients, across 13 states and a union territory of India were screened and re-tested for Dengue, Chikungunya and Zika by CDC Trioplex Real time RT-PCR.

The interplay between lncRNAs, RNA-binding proteins and viral genome during SARS-CoV-2 infection reveals strong connections with regulatory events involved in RNA metabolism and immune response.

Viral infections are complex processes based on an intricate network of molecular interactions. The infectious agent hijacks components of the cellular machinery for its profit, circumventing the natural defense mechanisms triggered by the infected cell. The successful completion of the replicative viral cycle within a cell depends on the function of viral components versus the cellular defenses.

Feasibility, acceptability and evaluation of meditation to augment yoga practice among persons diagnosed with schizophrenia.

Objective: To design a meditation protocol and test its feasibility, acceptability and efficacy in conjunction with yoga training (YT) for persons with schizophrenia (SZ).

Methods: The meditation protocol consisted of Anapana (observing normal respiration) and Yoga Nidra (supine, restful awareness). In a single-blind randomised controlled trial, medicated and clinically stable outpatients diagnosed with SZ were randomised to receive treatment as usual (TAU), TAU augmented with YT or TAU augmented with meditation and yoga training (MYT) for 3 weeks (N = 145).

Association between lateral femoral wall thickness and BMD with the occurrence of lateral wall fracture in DHS fixation.

Background: Nearly 50% of all hip fractures are intertrochanteric fractures (ITF) and are linked to osteopenia and advancing age. For secure ITF repair, the dynamic hip screw (DHS) fixation is regarded gold standard surgery. However, controversy exists regarding the use of DHS in the treatment of unstable ITF especially in patients with pre-operative lateral femoral wall fracture (LWF).

A hybrid technique of lap perineal pelvic lymphadenectomy after open radical perineal prostatectomy in localized carcinoma prostate: Our initial experience.

Objective: The major disadvantage of radical perineal prostatectomy (RPP) is the difficulty to perform pelvic lymphadenectomy via the same incision. Open retropubic, mini laparotomy, and transperitoneal laparoscopic pelvic lymphadenectomy as an adjunct to open RPP have been tried but need change in patient position and separate incision, thereby decreasing the acceptability of this procedure. Open RPP followed by a lap perineal pelvic lymphadenectomy via the same perineal incision is a hybrid technique that is aimed to decrease morbidity of lymphadenectomy.

A brief psycho-social intervention for COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among perinatal women in low-and middle-income countries: Need of the hour.

COVID-19 vaccines are one of the most effective strategies for preventing COVID-19 infection, as well as the associated mortality and morbidity. Despite the availability of COVID-19 vaccines, vaccine acceptance among perinatal women is challenging in low and middle-income countries (LMICs). Further, the vaccine hesitancy among perinatal women may have an impact on their children's vaccinations.

Role of 68Ga-PSMA-PET/CT for the detection of primary prostate cancer prior to biopsy: a prospective study.

Introduction: Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography/ computed tomography (PET-CT) is widely used as a staging tool for patients with prostate cancer (PCa). The objective of the study is to assess the diagnostic accuracy of 68Ga-PSMA-PET/CT for PCa, which may help us avoid unnecessary biopsies in patients with intermediate prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels.

Material And Methods: In this prospective study, 81 patients suspected of PCa, with either raised PSA between 4-20 ng/ml or abnormal digital rectal examination (DRE) findings were included.

A prospective study comparing side-firing KTP laser enucleation vs bipolar transurethral resection of bladder tumor for small bladder tumors in an outpatient setting.

Introduction: Laser therapy provides an alternative option for treating non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. The clinical evidence for potassium-titanyl-phosphate (KTP) laser en bloc resection is still limited. Here, we evaluated the efficacy, safety profile, and outcomes of side-firing KTP laser enucleation with bipolar transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) in carefully selected patients with small bladder tumors in an office setting.

Cytomorphological spectrum of cysticercosis: A study of 26 cases.

Background: Cysticercosis is a systemic parasitic disease caused by the larval stage of Taenia solium. It is the most common parasitic disease worldwide. Fine needle aspiration cytology can play an important role in prompt recognition of this disease.

ROS/RNS Balancing, Aerobic Fermentation Regulation and Cell Cycle Control - a Complex Early Trait ('CoV-MAC-TED') for Combating SARS-CoV-2-Induced Cell Reprogramming.

In a perspective entitled 'From plant survival under severe stress to anti-viral human defense' we raised and justified the hypothesis that transcript level profiles of justified target genes established from somatic embryogenesis (SE) induction in plants as a reference compared to virus-induced profiles can identify differential virus signatures that link to harmful reprogramming. A standard profile of selected genes named 'ReprogVirus' was proposed for -scanning of early virus-induced reprogramming in critical primary infected cells/tissues as target trait. For data collection, the 'ReprogVirus platform' was initiated.

Cytological diagnosis of microfilariae in clinically unsuspected cases: A retrospective review of 12 cases.

Background: Filariasis is a major health problem in India. Despite the high prevalence, microfilariae are rarely found in cytology smears. Most of the cases are incidentally found, solely or in association with other pathologies.

From Plant Survival Under Severe Stress to Anti-Viral Human Defense - A Perspective That Calls for Common Efforts.

Reprogramming of primary virus-infected cells is the critical step that turns viral attacks harmful to humans by initiating super-spreading at cell, organism and population levels. To develop early anti-viral therapies and proactive administration, it is important to understand the very first steps of this process. Plant somatic embryogenesis (SE) is the earliest and most studied model for programming upon severe stress that, in contrast to virus attacks, promotes individual cell and organism survival.

Gossypiboma - Successful retrieval through laparoscopy: A case report.

Introduction: Numerous complications can occur after a surgery, but gossypiboma is undoubtedly the most unwanted and undesirable complication of a procedure for any surgeon with legal implications. Once suspected, the minimally invasive surgical approach should be considered for its management.

Presentation Of Case: An adult PLE female presented to the surgery OPD with a painless abdominal mass which progressively increased in size in the past 4 months.

Psychometric properties of a screening tool for autism in the community-The Indian Autism Screening Questionnaire (IASQ).

Introduction: Currently available screening questionnaires for Autism spectrum disorders were tested in developed countries, but many require additional training and many are unsuitable for older individuals, thus reducing their utility in lower/ middle- income countries. We aimed to derive a simplified questionnaire that could be used to screen persons in India.

Methods: We have previously validated Indian Scale for Assessment of Autism (ISAA), that is now mandated for disability assessment by the Government of India.

Preliminary study of prevalence of urolithiasis in North-Eastern city of India.

Introduction: Urinary tract stone is one of the major urological problems globally and has changed significantly in the last few decades. The epidemiology differs according to geography, socioeconomic status, and diet. The primary care physicians are initially consulted rather than urologists because of increase in the prevalence of urolithiasis and saturation of health facilities.

Effectiveness of a Brief Psychological Intervention Delivered by Nurse for Depression in Pregnancy: Study Protocol for a Multicentric Randomized Controlled Trial from India.

Background: Perinatal depression (PD) has important implications for maternal and infant well-being but largely goes undetected. There is a need to develop low-intensity psychosocial interventions applicable to obstetric health care facilities.

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of a brief psychological intervention for mild to moderate PD delivered by a nurse as compared to treatment-as-usual (TAU).

Protocol for a Coordinated Approach for Building Capacity of Mental Health Researchers in India.

Introduction: India's National Mental Health Programme (NMHP) was initiated in 1982. In 2016, the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) organized a Brainstorming Meeting on Prioritization of Mental Health Research. Recognizing the need for improving mental healthcare by building a cadre of mental health researchers based on focus areas of the NMHP, the ICMR organized a research training cum capacity building workshop in collaboration with the Cross-Fertilized Research Training Programme (funded by Fogarty International Centre, NIH, USA) in 2016.

Difficulties Encountered While Using PPE Kits and How to Overcome Them: An Indian Perspective.

Background After a slow start due to an effective lockdown, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in India has been raging at a rapid pace, posing a formidable challenge to the healthcare system in the country. The personal protective equipment (PPE) undoubtedly provides a shield of protection for the healthcare workers (HCWs) fighting the disease as a valuable asset to the nation. However, there have been various problems associated with the PPE, ranging from its shortage to problems arising from heat, dehydration, etc while wearing them.

Development of a brief psychological intervention for perinatal depression (BIND-P).

Background: Lack of recognition in national programs, poor referral system, and non-availability of trained human resources are the important barriers for the delivery of perinatal depression (PND) services in low- and middle-income countries (LAMICs). To address this there is an urgent need to develop an integrative and non-specialist-based stepped care model. As part of its research thrust on target areas of India's National Mental Health Programme (NMHP), the Indian Council of Medical Research funded a research project on the outcome of PND at four sites.

Validation of the Launay-Slade Hallucination Scale among Indian Healthy Adults.

Psychotic Like Experiences (PLEs) have been reported in several cultures. The 16 item Launay-Slade Hallucination Scale-Extended (LSHS-E) measures hallucination like experiences (HLEs) in the general population. This study investigated the psychometric properties and the factor structure of LSHS-E Hindi among healthy adults of Delhi.