Predicting cisplatin tolerability in older adults with head and neck cancer - Insights for improved chemoradiation outcomes.

Purpose: Cumulative cisplatin doses of ≥ 200 mg/m improve survival in adults with head-and-neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) undergoing chemoradiation, but many older adults with HNSCC cannot receive this prognostically relevant dose due to toxicities. This study aims to develop predictive models to assess the likelihood of older adults with HNSCC receiving ≥ 200 mg/m cisplatin during chemoradiation.

Methods: 366 patients from the SENIOR database, an international cohort of adults ≥ 65 years with HNSCC, received definitive chemoradiation with single-agent cisplatin and were analyzed.

Implementation of Regular Lifestyle Counseling During Long-Term Follow-Up Care of Childhood Cancer Survivors: Monocentric Prospective Study.

Background: Many childhood cancer survivors (CCS) develop treatment-related late effects, including an increased risk of obesity and metabolic syndrome. A healthy lifestyle can reduce the risk of associated comorbidities. Therefore, at-risk CCS could benefit from lifestyle counseling during regular long-term follow-up (LTFU).

How to conduct and report checking transitivity and inconsistency in network-meta-analysis: a narrative review including practical worked examples, code and source data for sports and exercise medicine researchers.

The use of network meta-analysis (NMA) in sport and exercise medicine (SEM) research continues to rise as it enables the comparison of multiple interventions that may not have been assessed in a single randomised controlled trial. NMA can then inform clinicians on potentially better interventions. Despite the increased use of NMA, we have observed that in the SEM field, a key challenge for author groups can be the assessment and reporting of key assumptions, in particular transitivity and consistency.

Early Albumin Administration in Veno-Arterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation.

Background: The clinical outcome and fluid balance of patients with veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA ECMO) or after extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (eCPR) may be improved by addressing the high fluid demand with an early albumin administration.

Methods: In this prospective observational study, patients supported with VA ECMO or eCPR received early albumin administration (25 g/L) to prime the VA ECMO system. These patients were compared to patients who received a regimen based solely on balanced crystalloids (crystalloid group) or a regimen based on a 1:4 volume mixture of albumin (10 g/L) and balanced crystalloids (albumin group).

Prognostic value of metabolic tumor volume on [F]FDG PET/CT in addition to the TNM classification system of locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

Purpose: Staging of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is commonly based on [F]FDG PET/CT, in particular to exclude distant metastases and guide local therapy approaches like resection and radiotherapy. Although it is hoped that PET/CT will increase the value of primary staging compared to conventional imaging, it is generally limited to the characterization of TNM. The first aim of this study was to evaluate the PET parameter metabolic tumor volume (MTV) above liver background uptake as a prognostic marker in lung cancer.

Investigating a Domain Adaptation Approach for Integrating Different Measurement Instruments in a Longitudinal Clinical Registry.

In a longitudinal clinical registry, different measurement instruments might have been used for assessing individuals at different time points. To combine them, we investigate deep learning techniques for obtaining a joint latent representation, to which the items of different measurement instruments are mapped. This corresponds to domain adaptation, an established concept in computer science for image data.

Assessing the Effectiveness of metaHelper: A Randomized Controlled Trial of a Web Application for Statistical Transformations in Meta-Analysis.

Objective: To test whether the use of a web application (www.metaHelper.eu) can reduce errors and time needed for statistical transformations commonly performed for meta-analysis.

Better Oncological Outcomes After Prostate-specific Membrane Antigen Positron Emission Tomography-guided Salvage Radiotherapy Following Prostatectomy.

Background And Objective: Up to 50% of patients with prostate cancer experience prostate-specific antigen (PSA) relapse following primary radical prostatectomy (RP). Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography (PET) is increasingly being used for staging after RP owing to its high detection rate. Our aim was to compare outcomes for patients who received salvage radiotherapy (sRT) with versus without PSMA PET guidance.

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Inotropes for the prevention of low cardiac output syndrome and mortality for paediatric patients undergoing surgery for congenital heart disease: a network meta-analysis.

Background: Paediatric patients undergoing surgery for congenital heart disease (CHD) are at risk for postoperative low cardiac output syndrome (LCOS) and mortality. LCOS affects up to 25% of children after heart surgery. It consists of reduced myocardial function and increases postoperative morbidity, prolongs mechanical ventilation, and lengthens the duration of intensive care unit (ICU) stay.

The role of the estimand framework in the analysis of patient-reported outcomes in single-arm trials: a case study in oncology.

Background: Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) play an increasing role in the evaluation of oncology treatments. At the same time, single-arm trials are commonly included in regulatory approval submissions. Because of the high risk of biases, results from single-arm trials require careful interpretation.

Factors associated with communication preferences in transgender and/or gender-diverse individuals - a survey study.

Introduction: As communication should be adapted to the individual, the aim of this study was to explore possible factors related to communication preferences in transgender and/or gender-diverse individuals.

Methods: A survey study was conducted in September 2022. Communication preferences were assessed using the CommTrans questionnaire, which included two scales: emotional resonance and gender-related communication.

Dynamic modelling of signalling pathways when ordinary differential equations are not feasible.

Motivation: Mathematical modelling plays a crucial role in understanding inter- and intracellular signalling processes. Currently, ordinary differential equations (ODEs) are the predominant approach in systems biology for modelling such pathways. While ODE models offer mechanistic interpretability, they also suffer from limitations, including the need to consider all relevant compounds, resulting in large models difficult to handle numerically and requiring extensive data.

Delirium after cardiac arrest: incidence, risk factors, and association with neurologic outcome-insights from the Freiburg Delirium Registry.

Aim: Delirium in patients treated in the intensive care unit (ICU) is linked to adverse outcome, according to previous observations. However, data on patients recovering after cardiac arrest are sparse. The aim of this study was to assess incidence, risk factors, and outcome of patients with delirium after cardiac arrest in the Freiburg Delirium Registry (FDR).

Impact of Pseudomonas aeruginosa carriage on intensive care unit-acquired pneumonia: a European multicentre prospective cohort study.

Objectives: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) is a common causative pathogen of pneumonia acquired in the intensive care unit (ICU). The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of PA ICU pneumonia (PAIP) and to quantify its independent association with PA colonization at different body sites.

Methods: Adult patients on mechanical ventilation at ICU admission were prospectively enrolled across 30 European ICUs.

Effect of Valve Type and Anesthesia Strategy for TAVR: 5-Year Results of the SOLVE-TAVI Trial.

Background: In the randomized SOLVE-TAVI (compariSon of secOnd-generation seLf-expandable vs. balloon-expandable Valves and gEneral vs. local anesthesia in Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation) trial comparing newer-generation self-expanding valves (SEV) and balloon-expandable valves (BEV), as well as conscious sedation (CS) and general anesthesia (GA), clinical outcomes were similar both for valve and anesthesia comparison at 30 days and 1 year.

Foxi1 regulates multiple steps of mucociliary development and ionocyte specification through transcriptional and epigenetic mechanisms.

Foxi1 is a master regulator of ionocytes (ISCs / INCs) across species and organs. Two subtypes of ISCs exist, and both α- and β-ISCs regulate pH- and ion-homeostasis in epithelia. Gain and loss of FOXI1 function are associated with human diseases, including Pendred syndrome, male infertility, renal acidosis and cancers.

Digital workflow to assess gingival recession coverage independently of the cemento-enamel Junction: a prospective clinical study using the modified coronally advanced tunnel technique with porcine dermal matrix.

Objectives: The limited number of studies using digital workflows to measure soft tissue changes depend on the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ), which has been reported to be unreliable. Our primary objective was to apply an advanced digital assessment method, measuring independent from the CEJ to evaluate the modified coronally advanced tunnel technique (MCAT) with a porcine dermal matrix (PDM) for gingival recession coverage.

Materials And Methods: Patients with type RT1 and RT2 gingival recessions were treated with the MCAT and a PDM.

Conditional survival of younger patients with mantle cell lymphoma: Results from a randomized phase III trial of the European MCL Network.

During a fatal disease, patients often request updated information on their prognosis. After patients have already survived a certain time, conditional survival captures their future survival probability. We investigated conditional overall and failure-free survival in 473 younger mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) patients from a randomized phase III trial comparing immunochemotherapies R-CHOP and alternating R-CHOP/R-DHAP before autologous transplantation.