Sublethal Damage Caused by Cold Plasma on Cells: Impact on Cell Viability and Biofilm-Forming Capacity.

The group represents a serious risk in powdered and amylaceous foodstuffs. Cold plasma (the fourth state of matter) is emerging as an alternative effective nonthermal technology for pasteurizing a wide range of matrices in solid, liquid, and powder form. The present study aims to evaluate the mechanisms involved in inactivation via cold plasma, focusing on (i) the technology's ability to generate damage in cells (at the morphological and molecular levels) and (ii) studying the effectiveness of cold plasma in biofilm mitigation through the direct effect and inhibition of the biofilm-forming capacity of sublethally damaged cells post-treatment.

Advantages of Spray Drying over Freeze Drying: A Comparative Analysis of L. Juice Powders-Matrix Diversity and Bioactive Response.

The study investigated the impact of L. juice matrix modification and drying techniques on powder characteristics. The evaluation encompassed phenolics (514.

Cultivation driven transcriptomic changes in the wild-type and mutant strains of .

Purple photosynthetic bacteria (PPB) are versatile microorganisms capable of producing various value-added chemicals, e.g., biopolymers and biofuels.

Plant-Based Meat Analogues in the Human Diet: What Are the Hazards?

Research regarding meat analogues is mostly based on formulation and process development. Information concerning their safety, shelf life, and long-term nutritional and health effects is limited. This article reviews the existing literature and analyzes potential hazards introduced or modified throughout the processing chain of plant-based meat analogues via extrusion processing, encompassing nutritional, microbiological, chemical, and allergen aspects.

Generative data augmentation and automated optimization of convolutional neural networks for process monitoring.

Chemometric modeling for spectral data is considered a key technology in biopharmaceutical processing to realize real-time process control and release testing. Machine learning (ML) models have been shown to increase the accuracy of various spectral regression and classification tasks, remove challenging preprocessing steps for spectral data, and promise to improve the transferability of models when compared to commonly applied, linear methods. The training and optimization of ML models require large data sets which are not available in the context of biopharmaceutical processing.

Reversed-phase HPLC based assay for selective and sensitive endotoxin quantification - part II.

The impact of naturally occurring 3-deoxy-d-manno‑oct-2-ulsonic acid (Kdo) derivatives on endotoxin (ET) quantification was investigated for six ET standards. In our recently published chemical Kdo-DMB-LC ET assay (Bucsella et al., Anal.

Site-selective template-directed synthesis of antibody Fc conjugates with concomitant ligand release.

Template-directed methods are emerging as some of the most effective means to conjugate payloads at selective sites of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). We have previously reported a method based on an engineered Fc-III reactive peptide to conjugate a radionuclide chelator to K317 of antibodies with the concomitant release of the Fc-III peptide ligand. Here, our method was redesigned to target two lysines proximal to the Fc-III binding site, K248 and K439.

Genome-scale metabolic model of the versatile bacterium Pd1222.

A genome scale metabolic model of the bacterium has been constructed. The model containing 972 metabolic genes, 1,371 reactions, and 1,388 unique metabolites has been reconstructed. The model was used to carry out quantitative predictions of biomass yields on 10 different carbon sources under aerobic conditions.

Degradation kinetics of medium chain length Polyhydroxyalkanoate degrading enzyme: a quartz crystal microbalance study.

This study investigates the enzymatic degradation processes of different classes of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), a group of biopolymers naturally synthesized by various microorganisms. Medium chain length PHAs (mcl-PHAs) are distinguished biopolymers due to their biodegradability and diverse material properties. Using quartz crystal microbalance measurements as a valuable tool for accurate real-time monitoring of the enzymatic degradation process, the research provides detailed kinetic data, describing the interaction between enzymes and substrates during the enzymatic degradation process.

Essential Oils of Five Species Growing Wild in Vietnam: Chemical Compositions and Antimicrobial and Mosquito Larvicidal Potentials.

The essential oils of five Vietnamese species (, , , , and ) were first hydro-distilled and analyzed using GC-FID/MS (gas chromatography-flame ionization detection/mass spectrometry). Monoterpene hydrocarbons, sesquiterpene hydrocarbons, and oxygenated sesquiterpenoids were the main chemical classes in these oils. All these essential oils showed good-excellent antimicrobial activities against Gram-positive bacteria , , and , and the yeast leaf essential oil, rich in bicyclogermacrene (25.

Effect of Process Variables and Ingredients on Controlled Protein Network Creation in High-Moisture Plant-Based Meat Alternatives.

The market has observed a rapid increase in the demand for plant-based foods as an alternative to animal meat products. Technologies such as high-moisture extrusion (HME) have the potential to develop anisotropic structures using alternative protein ingredients. This article discusses the different possible mechanisms responsible for structure formation and the effect of extrusion process parameters and outlines the recent advances in the long cooling dies (LCDs) used for meat alternative development.

A novel point-of-care diagnostic prototype system for the simultaneous electrochemiluminescent sensing of multiple traumatic brain injury biomarkers.

Traumatic brain injuries (TBI) are typically acquired when a sudden violent event causes damage to the brain tissue. A high percentage (70-85%) of all TBI patients are suffering from mild TBI (mTBI), which is often difficult to detect and diagnose with standard imaging tools (MRI, CT scan) due to the absence of significant lesions and specific symptoms. Recent studies suggest that a screening test based on the measurement of a protein biomarker panel directly from a patient's blood can facilitate mTBI diagnosis.

Rework Potential of Soy and Pea Protein Isolates in High-Moisture Extrusion.

High-moisture extrusion (HME) is an effective process to make fibrous products that can be used as meat analogues. In this study, the effect of extrusion of already extruded products (i.e.

Cell Line Development Using Targeted Gene Integration into MAR-Rich Landing Pads for Stable Expression of Transgenes.

Integration of a gene of interest (GOI) into the genome of mammalian cells is the first step of cell line development campaigns for the production of biotherapeutics. Besides random integration methods, targeted gene integration approaches have emerged as promising tools over the last few years. In addition to reducing heterogeneity within a pool of recombinant transfectants, this process can also facilitate shorter timelines of the current cell line development process.

Opening the black box of traumatic brain injury: a holistic approach combining human 3D neural tissue and an traumatic brain injury induction device.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is caused by a wide range of physical events and can induce an even larger spectrum of short- to long-term pathophysiologies. Neuroscientists have relied on animal models to understand the relationship between mechanical damages and functional alterations of neural cells. These and animal-based models represent important approaches to mimic traumas on whole brains or organized brain structures but are not fully representative of pathologies occurring after traumas on human brain parenchyma.

Spatially multiplexed single-molecule translocations through a nanopore at controlled speeds.

In current nanopore-based label-free single-molecule sensing technologies, stochastic processes influence the selection of translocating molecule, translocation rate and translocation velocity. As a result, single-molecule translocations are challenging to control both spatially and temporally. Here we present a method using a glass nanopore mounted on a three-dimensional nanopositioner to spatially select molecules, deterministically tethered on a glass surface, for controlled translocations.

Flavor-protein interactions for four plant proteins with ketones and esters.

The interaction between flavors and proteins results in a reduced headspace concentration of the flavor, affecting flavor perception. We analyzed the retention of a series of esters and ketones with different chain lengths (C4, C6, C8, and C10) by protein isolates of yellow pea, soy, fava bean, and chickpea, with whey as a reference. An increase in protein concentration led to a decrease in flavor compound in the headspace as measured with atmospheric pressure chemical ionization time-of-flight mass spectroscopy (APCI-TOF-MS).

Juice Powders from Rosehip ( L.): Physical, Chemical, and Antiglycation Properties.

Fruits from rosehip ( L.) are gaining popularity due to their content and profile of bioactive components. Rosehip is distinct for its antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and anticancer properties.

Fermentative Liberation of Ellagic Acid from Walnut Press Cake Ellagitannins.

Oil is extracted from walnut leaves behind large quantities of defatted press cake that is still rich in valuable nutrients. and , two molds traditionally used in Asia, have the necessary enzymes to use the nutrients in the walnut press cake. Walnuts and the press cake contain ellagitannins, known as precursors for ellagic acid and urolithins.

Manufacturing of Peptide Microarrays Based on Catalyst-Free Click Chemistry.

Immobilization of peptides to a solid surface is frequently an important first step before they can be probed with a variety of biological samples in a heterogeneous assay format for research and clinical diagnostic purposes. Peptides can be derivatized in many ways to subsequently covalently attach them to an activated solid surface such as, for instance, epoxy-functionalized glass slides. Here, we describe a clean, efficient, and reproducible fabrication process based on catalyst-free click chemistry compatible with the construction of low- to high-density peptide microarrays.

Dietary Modulation of the Human Gut Microbiota and Metabolome with Flaxseed Preparations.

Flaxseeds are typically consumed either as whole flaxseed, ground flaxseed, flaxseed oil, partially defatted flaxseed meal, or as a milk alternative. They are considered a rich source of vitamins, minerals, proteins and peptides, lipids, carbohydrates, lignans, and dietary fiber, which have shown hypolipidemic, antiatherogenic, anticholesterolemic, and anti-inflammatory property activity. Here, an in vitro batch culture model was used to investigate the influence of whole milled flaxseed and partially defatted milled flaxseed press cake on the gut microbiota and the liberation of flaxseed bioactives.

The Consumption of Insects in Switzerland: University-Based Perspectives of Entomophagy.

Although insects have long been part of the human diet in many countries, they are poorly received and accepted in European and North American countries. Therefore, this cross-sectional observational study, based on a structured questionnaire, aimed to evaluate the level of acceptability of entomophagy among young adults in a Swiss university context. The variable "acceptability of consuming insects" (ACI) was calculated according to the perception of entomophagy of each participant.

The effect of dechitinization on iron absorption from mealworm larvae (Tenebrio molitor) flour added to maize meals: stable-isotope studies in young females with low iron stores.

Background: Edible insects have a low ecological footprint and could serve as an alternative dietary iron source. However, chitin, a major component of insects, avidly binds iron and might inhibit iron absorption.

Objectives: We aimed to measure fractional iron absorption (FIA) from Tenebrio molitor-based test meals with and without dechitinization, and to assess the effect of native and low chitin T.

Fluorescence-polarization immunoassays within glass fiber micro-chambers enable tobramycin quantification in whole blood for therapeutic drug monitoring at the point of care.

Many therapeutic drugs require monitoring of their concentration in blood followed by dose adjustments in order to ensure efficacy while minimizing adverse effects. It would be highly desirable to perform such measurements rapidly and with reduced sample volumes to support point-of-care testing. Here, we demonstrate that the concentration of small therapeutics can be determined in whole blood within paper-like membranes using Fluorescence Polarization Immunoassay (FPIA).