Foley catheter with noble metal alloy coating for preventing catheter-associated urinary tract infections: a large, multi-center clinical trial.

Background: Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) are among the most frequent healthcare-associated infections in the world. They are associated with increased mortality, prolonged hospital stay and increased healthcare costs. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the noble metal alloy (NMA) coated BIP Foley Catheter in preventing the incidence of symptomatic CAUTI in a large cohort of patients in India.

Atypical Presentation of Isolated Cerebral Aspergillosis in a Renal Allograft Recipient.

The immunosuppressive state in organ transplantation leads to infectious complications responsible for high mortality rate. Fungal infections account for 5% of all infections in Renal Transplantation (RT) recipients. Aspergillus species are filamentous fungi frequently causing fungal infections in RT recipients.

Role of CT scan in diagnosis of renal lymphangiectasia: our single-center experience.

Background: Renal lymphangiectasia is rarely reported benign renal disorder of lymphatic malformation. Though found incidentally; it presents with nonspecific symptoms and shows characteristic findings in radiological imaging studies.

Aim: Here, we report eight patients with symptoms, laboratory and imaging findings compatible with renal lymphangiectasia.

De Novo Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis in Renal Allograft-Histological Presentation and Clinical Correlation: Single Centre Experience.

Introduction: Recurrent or de novo glomerulonephritis are one of the well-known causes for renal allograft dysfunction in early and late period after renal transplantation. Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is a devastating lesion of the renal allograft. De novo FSGS is uncommon compared to recurrent FSGS.

Portal Vein Thrombosis and Arterioportal Fistula in Post Liver Transplant Recipient: A Case Report.

An intrahepatic Arterioportal Fistula Refers (APF) to abnormal shunt or fistulous connection between the portal venous system and a hepatic arterial system within the liver. Here, we present a case of portal vein thrombosis with APF in post-transplant liver, developed 2 years and 6 months after transplantation. The condition was diagnosed by Triphasic CT angiography.

Non-Functional Adrenal Gland Ganglioneuroma Masquerading as Chronic Calculus Cholecystitis.

Adrenal ganglioneuromas in young adults are rare and ill-understood. We report an incidentally detected adrenal gland tumor diagnosed as ganglioneuroma (mature type) in 33 years old man who presented with vomiting and epigastric pain for 2 months. Histopathology examination revealed a well-encapsulated benign tumor of mature ganglion cells and Schwann-like cells arranged in fascicles, staining strongly with NSE and s-100 proteins, with adjacent unremarkable adrenal cortex and medulla.

Rare Anatomical Variation of Dual IVC with Left Sided IVC Draining into Hemiazygous Vein- A Case Report.

Congenital anomalies of the Inferior Vena Cava (IVC) result from the persistence of the embryonic venous system. Knowledge of such anomaly is of great importance during abdominal surgery, liver and kidney transplantation, renal venous sampling and in the treatment of thromboembolic diseases. Here, we report a rare anatomical variation of dual IVC with normal course of right sided IVC and hemiazygous continuation of left sided IVC with interiliac communication in potential renal donor.

Anaphylactoid Purpura Manifested after Acute Gastroenteritis with Severe Dehydration in an 8-Year-Old Male Child: A Case Report.

Anaphylactoid purpura, also known as Henoch-Schönleinpurpura (HSP), is an IgA-mediated vasculitis that tends to be a benign disease of childhood. Up to 50% of cases are preceded by an upper tract respiratory infection caused by group-A beta-hemolytic streptococcus and present with the common tetrad of abdominal pain, arthritis, purpuric rash, and renal involvement. The majority of patients recover completely.

Isolated Spontaneous Renal Artery Dissection Presented with Flank Pain.

Spontaneous renal artery dissection is a rare but important cause of flank pain. We report a case of isolated spontaneous renal artery dissection in 56-year-old man complicated by renal infarction presented with flank pain. Doppler study pointed towards vascular pathology.

Diagnosis and management of atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome in children: single centre experience.

Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) although rare is the commonest cause of acute renal failure (ARF) in children and has poor prognosis. We present single centre experience of aHUS. Thirty six children (29 males, 7 females) with mean age, 7.

Mesenchymal stem cells and transplant tolerance.

Different strategies are being tried to induce transplant tolerance in clinical settings; however, none of them are both safe and effective. Mesenchymal stem cells have been found to be potent immunomodulators and immunosuppressants. We discuss in this review different sources of mesenchymal stem cells and the potent role of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells in induction of transplant tolerance including when to use them and how to use them for achieving the Utopian dream of transplant tolerance.

Novel therapy for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: infusion of in vitro-generated insulin-secreting cells.

Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a metabolic disease usually resulting from autoimmune-mediated β-cell destruction requiring lifetime exogenous insulin replacement. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) hold promising therapy. We present our experience of treating IDDM with co-infusion of in vitro autologous adipose tissue-derived MSC-differentiated insulin-secreting cells (ISC) with hematopoietic stem cells (HSC).

Management of type 1 diabetes mellitus using in vitro autologous adipose tissue trans-differentiated insulin-making cells.

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a result of autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing β cells of pancreas. Insulin is a widely used therapeutic modality. Nearing a complete century since the discovery of insulin, it is time to expect change in management strategies of T1DM.

Stem cells versus donor specific transfusions for tolerance induction in living donor renal transplantation: a single-center experience.

Background: We undertook this study to define the role of stem cell transplantation (SCT) versus donor-specific transfusion (DST) in tolerance induction and sustenance in living donor renal transplantation (LDRT).

Methods: In this prospective three-armed trial in LDRT with 13 patients each in demographically well-balanced groups, tolerance induction protocol (TIP) was used with SCT in group 1, DST in group 2, and no induction in group 3. Tolerance induction protocol consisted of SCT/DST under conditioning with bortezomib, methylprednisone, rituximab, and rabbit antithymocyte globulin.

Partial nephrectomy: is there still a need for open surgery?

Long-term outcome data indicate that open partial nephrectomy has cancer-free survival rates comparable to those of radical surgery, with better preservation of renal function, decreased overall mortality and reduced frequency of cardiovascular events. Open partial nephrectomy is increasingly being challenged by laparoscopic and/or robot assisted partial nephrectomy, which in the hands of experts appears to achieve comparable oncological results, albeit at a higher complication rate. We report a review based on literature published over the past years, which may provide insight into the role of open partial nephrectomy in the present urological practice and in years to come.

C1q nephropathy with acute hemolytic uremic syndrome.

C1q nephropathy with hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is an uncommon combination associated with rapidly progressive renal failure. We report a case of C1q nephropathy with HUS in an 18-year-old man associated with rapidly progressive renal failure. The patient did not respond to treatment with steroids and was started on maintenance hemodialysis.

Allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in pemphigus vulgaris: a single-center experience.

Background: Pemphigus vulgaris (PV), an autoimmune disorder characterized by blistering skin/mucus membrane lesions, is mediated by desmoglein-3 autoantibodies. We carried out a prospective clinical trial of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in thymus, bone marrow (BM) and periphery to reconstitute central and peripheral arms of self-tolerance.

Materials And Methods: Eleven (M:F=5:6) patients with mean age 33.

Successful treatment of Nocardia pneumonia with cytomegalovirus retinitis coinfection in a renal transplant recipient.

Nocardiosis is a rare opportunistic infection, especially seen in immunocompromised patients, including renal allograft recipients. Primary pulmonary infection is the most common clinical pattern and can easily result in disseminated Nocardia infection if treatment therapy is not adequate at the beginning. We report a case of pulmonary nocardiosis associated with cytomegalovirus retinitis in a renal transplant recipient, followed by chronic allograft dysfunction.

Lupus nephritis associated with CD20+ B-cell NHL.

The combination of NHL and documented malignancy-associated glomerulonephritis is uncommon. Also, no single renal pathological entity is consistently found in patients with NHL. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection may manifest as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and/or diffuse large cell lymphoma (DLBCL) in a genetically/ immunologically susceptible individual with defective cytotoxic T-cell response against EBV.

Deceased donor organ transplantation: A single center experience.

Renal transplantation (RTx) is the best therapeutic modality for patient suffering from end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Deceased donor organ transplantation (DDOT) accounts for <4% of RTx in India. We report 4 years single centre experience on DDOT vis-à-vis patient/graft survival, graft function in terms of serum creatinine (SCr), rejection episodes, and delayed graft function in 160 DDOT.