Mobility driven thermoelectric and optical properties of two-dimensional halide-based hybrid perovskites: impact of organic cation rotation.

The pivotal impact of organic cation rotation may result in structural complexity in two-dimensional (2D) halide-based hybrid perovskites. The crucial role of the orientation of the organic cation (MA = CHNH) in the 2D Ruddlesden-Popper phase (2DRP) is explored using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Our results propose that the MA cation rotation imposes the structural distortion in the PbI network, which is further responsible for the changes in nature and value of the electronic bandgap, charge density and optical absorption.

A comprehensive multidisciplinary investigation on CO capture from diesel engine.

Climate change and global warming are the visible consequences of the increased amount of carbon dioxide (CO) in the atmosphere. Among the various sources of anthropogenic CO emission, the diesel engine has a significant contribution. The development of a reliable system to efficiently minimize CO emissions from diesel engines to the safest level is lacking in the open literature.

Automated detection of schizophrenia using optimal wavelet-based norm features extracted from single-channel EEG.

Schizophrenia (SZ) is a mental disorder, which affects the ability of human thinking, memory, and way of living. Manual screening of SZ patients is tedious, laborious and prone to human errors. Hence, we developed a computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system to diagnose SZ patients accurately using single-channel electroencephalogram (EEG) signals.

Human-Machine Shared Driving Control for Semi-Autonomous Vehicles Using Level of Cooperativeness.

This paper proposes a new haptic shared control concept between the human driver and the automation for lane keeping in semi-autonomous vehicles. Based on the principle of human-machine interaction during lane keeping, the level of cooperativeness for completion of driving task is introduced. Using the proposed human-machine cooperative status along with the driver workload, the required level of haptic authority is determined according to the driver's performance characteristics.

Automated Detection of Hypertension Using Physiological Signals: A Review.

Arterial hypertension (HT) is a chronic condition of elevated blood pressure (BP), which may cause increased incidence of cardiovascular disease, stroke, kidney failure and mortality. If the HT is diagnosed early, effective treatment can control the BP and avert adverse outcomes. Physiological signals like electrocardiography (ECG), photoplethysmography (PPG), heart rate variability (HRV), and ballistocardiography (BCG) can be used to monitor health status but are not directly correlated with BP measurements.

Sequential and cellular detection of copper and lactic acid by disaggregation and reaggregation of the fluorescent panchromatic fibres of an acylthiourea based sensor.

We report, for the first time, the self-assembly of an acyl-thiourea based sensor, N-{(6-methoxy-pyridine-2-yl) carbamothioyl}benzamide (NG1), with panchromatic fluorescent fibres and its dual-sensing properties for the sequential detection of Cu2+ ions and lactic acid. The panchromatic fibres formed by NG1 were disrupted in the presence of Cu2+ ions and this was accompanied by a visible colour change in the solution from colourless to yellow. The addition of lactic acid to the NG1 + Cu2+ solution, on the other hand, induced re-aggregation to fibrillar structures and the colour of the solution again changed to colourless.

Hybrid Structure of Ionic Liquid and TiO Nanoclusters for Efficient Hydrogen Evolution Reaction.

Hydrogen energy has received significant attention in the renewable energy sector due to its high energy density and environmentally friendly nature. For the efficient hydrogen generation from water, the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) has to be optimized, which requires a highly efficient electrocatalyst. In this work, a hybrid structure of the ionic liquid (IL) 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate (Cmim TfO) and (TiO) nanoclusters with = 2-12 has been investigated in the pursuit of new catalyst materials for effective HER.

Strong-field ionization of polyatomic molecules: ultrafast H atom migration and bond formation in the photodissociation of CHOH.

Strong-field ionization induces various complex phenomena like bond breaking, intramolecular hydrogen migration, and bond association in polyatomic molecules. The H-atom migration and bond formation in CH3OH induced by intense femtosecond laser pulses are investigated using a Velocity Map Imaging (VMI) spectrometer. Various laser parameters like intensity (1.

Wind Turbine Gearbox Condition Monitoring Based on Class of Support Vector Regression Models and Residual Analysis.

The intelligent condition monitoring of wind turbines reduces their downtime and increases reliability. In this manuscript, a feature selection-based methodology that essentially works on regression models is used for identifying faulty scenarios. Supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) data with 1009 samples from one year and one month before failure are considered.

Rashba Splitting in Two Dimensional Hybrid Perovskite Materials for High Efficient Solar and Heat Energy Harvesting.

The physical properties of two-dimensional (2D) lead halide based hybrid perovskites are quite exciting and challenging. Further, the role of organic cations in 2D perovskites is still in a debate. We investigated layered (CH(CH)NH)(CHNH)PbI 2D Ruddlesden-Popper (2DRP) phase (M1) and 2D derivative of CHNHPbI (M2) using density functional theory.

Automated detection of severity of hypertension ECG signals using an optimal bi-orthogonal wavelet filter bank.

Hypertension (HPT) is a serious risk factor for cardiovascular disease and if not controlled in the early stage, can lead to serious complications. Long-standing HPT can induce heart muscle hypertrophy which will be reflected on electrocardiography (ECG). However, early stage of HPT may have no clinically discernible ECG perturbations, and is difficult to diagnose manually from the standard ECG.

Impact of alkyl chain length and water on the structure and properties of 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ionic liquids.

The influence of the length of the alkyl chain and water molecules on the hydrogen-bond interaction of the chloride anion and imidazolium-based cation of the ionic liquid (IL) Cmim Cl (where n = 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10) was investigated by combining attenuated total internal reflection infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Here, for the first time, the conformational isomerism of the alkyl chain of Cmim Cl (n = 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10) is identified by marker IR bands. The IR peak at 1470 cm related to the alkyl chain vibration exhibits a significant perturbation in its intensity and further shows a red shift upon increasing alkyl chain length.

Automated detection of shockable and non-shockable arrhythmia using novel wavelet-based ECG features.

Malignant arrhythmia can lead to sudden cardiac death (SCD). Shockable arrhythmia can be terminated with device electrical shock therapies. Ventricular-tachycardia (VT) and ventricular fibrillation (VF) are responsive to electrical anti-tachycardia pacing therapy and defibrillation which help to restore normal electrical and mechanical function of the heart.

Blood glucose regulation in type 1 diabetic patients: an adaptive parametric compensation control-based approach.

Here, a direct adaptive control strategy with parametric compensation is adopted for an uncertain non-linear model representing blood glucose regulation in type 1 diabetes mellitus patients. The uncertain parameters of the model are updated by appropriate design of adaptation laws using the Lyapunov method. The closed-loop response of the plasma glucose concentration as well as external insulin infusion rate is analysed for a wide range of variation of the model parameters through extensive simulation studies.

A novel automated diagnostic system for classification of myocardial infarction ECG signals using an optimal biorthogonal filter bank.

Myocardial infarction (MI), also referred to as heart attack, occurs when there is an interruption of blood flow to parts of the heart, due to the acute rupture of atherosclerotic plaque, which leads to damage of heart muscle. The heart muscle damage produces changes in the recorded surface electrocardiogram (ECG). The identification of MI by visual inspection of the ECG requires expert interpretation, and is difficult as the ECG signal changes associated with MI can be short in duration and low in magnitude.

Application of an optimal class of antisymmetric wavelet filter banks for obstructive sleep apnea diagnosis using ECG signals.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a sleep disorder caused due to interruption of breathing resulting in insufficient oxygen to the human body and brain. If the OSA is detected and treated at an early stage the possibility of severe health impairment can be mitigated. Therefore, an accurate automated OSA detection system is indispensable.

Heterometallic Heptanuclear [CuLn] (Ln = Tb, Dy, and Ho) Single-Molecule Magnets Organized in One-Dimensional Coordination Polymeric Network.

The reaction of a multisite coordination ligand, LH, with Cu(II) salts and Ln(NO)·nHO in a 1:2:1 stoichiometric ratio in the presence of triethylamine was found to afford a series of one-dimensional heterometallic [{CuLn(L)(μ-OH)(ClO)(NO)(OH)}(ClO)(HO)] [Ln = Tb(1), Dy(2) and Ho(3), x = 4.25, 5.5, and 5 for 1-3, respectively] coordination polymers.

Mononuclear Lanthanide Complexes: Energy-Barrier Enhancement by Ligand Substitution in Field-Induced Dy SIMs.

The sequential reaction of 2-((6-(hydroxymethyl)pyridin-2-yl)-methyleneamino)phenol (LH), LnCl·6HO, and 1,1,1-trifluoroacetylacetone (Htfa) in the presence of EtN afforded [Ln(LH) (tfa)] [Ln = Dy (1), Ln = Tb (2), and Ln = Gd (3)], while under the same reaction conditions, but in the absence of the coligand, another series of mononuclear complexes, namely, [Ln(LH)]·Cl·2MeOH] [Ln = Dy (4) and Tb (5)] are obtained. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that the former set contains a mono-deprotonated [LH] and two tfa ligands, while the latter set comprises of two mono-deprotonated [LH] ligands that are nearly perpendicular to each other at an angle of 86.9°.

Sliding mode controller with modified sliding function for DC-DC Buck Converter.

This article presents design of Sliding Mode Controller with proportional integral type sliding function for DC-DC Buck Converter for the controlled power supply. The converter with conventional sliding mode controller results in a steady state error in load voltage. The proposed modified sliding function improves the steady state and dynamic performance of the Convertor and facilitates better choices of controller tuning parameters.

Homometallic Dy Complexes of Varying Nuclearity from 2 to 21: Synthesis, Structure, and Magnetism.

The synthesis, structure, and magnetic properties of four Dy coordination compounds isolated as [Dy (LH ) (μ -η :η -Piv)]Cl⋅2 MeOH⋅H O (1), [Dy (LH) (μ -OH) (Piv) (MeOH) ]⋅4 MeOH⋅2 H O (2), [Dy (LH ) (tfa) (O PtBu)(Cl) ]Cl ⋅15.5 H O⋅4 MeOH⋅5 CHCl (3) and [Dy (L) (LH) (tfa) ]Cl ⋅15 H O⋅7 MeOH⋅12 CHCl (4) are reported (Piv=pivalate, tfa=1,1,1-trifluoroacetylacetone, O PtBu=tert-butylphosphonate). Among these, 3 displays an equilateral triangle topology with a side length of 9.

Observation of Slow Relaxation and Single-Molecule Toroidal Behavior in a Family of Butterfly-Shaped Ln Complexes.

A family of five isostructural butterfly complexes with a tetranuclear [Ln ] core of the general formula [Ln (LH) (μ -η η Piv)(η -Piv)(μ -OH) ]⋅x H O⋅y MeOH⋅z CHCl (1: Ln=Dy , x=2, y=2, z=0; 2: Ln=Tb , x=0, y=0, z=6; 3: Ln=Er , x=2, y=2, z=0; 4: Ln=Ho , x=2, y=2, z=0; 5: Ln=Yb , x=2, y=2, z=0; LH =6-{[bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]methyl}-N'-(2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene)picolinohydrazide; PivH=pivalic acid) was isolated and characterized both structurally and magnetically. Complexes 1-5 were probed by direct and alternating current (dc and ac) magnetic susceptibility measurements and, except for 1, they did not display single-molecule magnetism (SMM) behavior. The ac magnetic susceptibility measurements show frequency-dependent out-of-phase signals with one relaxation process for complex 1 and the estimated effective energy barrier for the relaxation process was found to be 49 K.

Octanuclear Heterobimetallic {Ni4Ln4} Assemblies Possessing Ln4 Square Grid [2 × 2] Motifs: Synthesis, Structure, and Magnetism.

Octanuclear heterobimetallic complexes, [Ln4Ni4(H3L)4(μ3-OH)4(μ2-OH)4]4Cl·xH2O·yCHCl3 (Dy(3+), x = 30.6, y = 2 (1); Tb(3+), x = 28, y = 0 (2) ; Gd(3+), x = 25.3, y = 0 (3); Ho(3+), x = 30.