Feasibility and Effectiveness of a Personalized Home-Based Motor-Cognitive Training Program in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Protocol for a Pragmatic Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Exergame-based motor-cognitive training in older adults has been associated with improvements in physical, cognitive, and psychological functioning. The novel Cocare system (Dividat GmbH), developed through a user-centered design process, allows motor-cognitive training in a telerehabilitation setting. It includes (1) a stationary stepping platform for supervised exergame training (Dividat Senso; Dividat GmbH), (2) a home-based version (Dividat Senso Flex, which is a rollable pressure-sensitive mat; Dividat GmbH), (3) an assessment system (including motor-cognitive tests), and (4) a rehabilitation cockpit for remote training supervision and management.

Feasibility, usability, and acceptance of "Brain-IT"-A newly developed exergame-based training concept for the secondary prevention of mild neurocognitive disorder: a pilot randomized controlled trial.

Background: Exergames provide a promising new approach to implement simultaneous motor-cognitive training, which may support preventing the decline in cognitive functioning in older adults who have a mild neurocognitive disorder (mNCD).

Objectives: To evaluate feasibility, system usability, and acceptance of "Brain-IT", a newly developed training concept combining exergame-based motor-cognitive training and heart rate variability (HRV) guided resonance breathing for the secondary prevention of mNCD.

Methods: A pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) with an allocation ratio of 2:1 (i.

Similar effects on exercise performance following different respiratory muscle training programs in healthy young men.

Both respiratory muscle endurance training (RMET) and inspiratory resistive training (IMT) seem to increase whole-body exercise performance, but direct comparisons between the two are scarce. We hypothesized that the similarity of RMET to exercise-induced ventilation would induce larger improvements compared to IMT. Twenty-six moderately-trained men performed either 4 weeks of RMET, IMT or SHAM training.

The challenge of measuring physiological parameters during motor imagery engagement in patients after a stroke.

Introduction: It is suggested that eye movement recordings could be used as an objective evaluation method of motor imagery (MI) engagement. Our investigation aimed to evaluate MI engagement in patients after stroke (PaS) compared with physical execution (PE) of a clinically relevant unilateral upper limb movement task of the patients' affected body side.

Methods: In total, 21 PaS fulfilled the MI ability evaluation [Kinaesthetic and Visual Imagery Questionnaire (KVIQ-10), body rotation task (BRT), and mental chronometry task (MC)].

Circulating Gal-3 and sST2 are associated with acute exercise-induced sustained endothelial activation: Possible relevance for fibrosis development?

Long-term, intense endurance exercise training can occasionally induce endothelial micro-damage and cardiac fibrosis. The underlying mechanisms are incompletely understood. Twenty healthy, well-trained male participants (10 runners and 10 cyclists) performed a strenuous high-intensity interval training (HIIT) session matched by age, height, weight and maximal oxygen consumption.

What happens in the prefrontal cortex? Cognitive processing of novel and familiar stimuli in soccer: An exploratory fNIRS study.

The importance of both general and sport-specific perceptual-cognitive abilities in soccer players has been investigated in several studies. Although these perceptual-cognitive skills could contribute significantly to soccer players' expertise, the underlying cortical mechanisms have not been clarified yet. Examining activity changes in the prefrontal cortex under different cognitive demands may help to better understand the underlying mechanisms of sports expertise.

Multidimensional interventions to increase life-space mobility in older adults ranging from nursing home residents to community-dwelling: a systematic scoping review.

Background: Life-space mobility (LSM) is an important aspect of older adults' real-life mobility. Studies have shown that restricted LSM is a risk factor for many adverse outcomes such as low quality of life and mortality. Therefore, an increasing number of interventions aim to enhance LSM.

A registered report of a crossover study on the effects of face masks on walking adaptability in people with Parkinson's disease and multiple sclerosis.

Background: Face masks protrude into the lower visual field causing reduced perception of visual stimuli, potentially making obstacle avoidance during walking more difficult and increasing fall risk. Recommendations on walking and mask wearing for older adults have been debated, with no clear consensus on the various factors interacting and influencing walking safety while wearing a face mask. It is particularly important to address this issue in populations at an increased risk of falls.

3D Atrial Strain for Predicting Recurrence of Atrial Fibrillation after Pulmonary Vein Isolation.

Aims: Association of two-(2D) and three-dimensional (3D) left atrial strain (LAS) and low-voltage area (LVA) with recurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF) after pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) was assessed.

Methods And Results: 3D LAS, 2D LAS, and LVA were obtained in 93 consecutive patients undergoing PVI and recurrence of AF was analyzed prospectively. AF recurred in 12 patients (13%).

Development and initial validation of the German version of the Exergame Enjoyment Questionnaire (EEQ-G).

Background: Analyzing and adjusting training programs to increase exercise enjoyment is crucial to achieve long-term adherence and thus also maximize health benefits. The Exergame Enjoyment Questionnaire (EEQ) is the first questionnaire specifically developed to monitor exergame enjoyment. To be used in German speaking countries, the EEQ must be translated, cross-culturally adapted, and tested on its psychometric properties.

Minding your steps: a cross-sectional pilot study using foot-worn inertial sensors and dual-task gait analysis to assess the cognitive status of older adults with mobility limitations.

Background: Cognitive impairment is a critical aspect of our aging society. Yet, it receives inadequate intervention due to delayed or missed detection. Dual-task gait analysis is currently considered a solution to improve the early detection of cognitive impairment in clinical settings.

Bedtime to the brain: how infants' sleep behaviours intertwine with non-rapid eye movement sleep electroencephalography features.

Adequate sleep is critical for development and facilitates the maturation of the neurophysiological circuitries at the basis of cognitive and behavioural function. Observational research has associated early life sleep problems with worse later cognitive, psychosocial, and somatic health outcomes. Yet, the extent to which day-to-day sleep behaviours (e.

Effects of Sprint Interval and Endurance Respiratory Muscle Training on Postcycling Inspiratory and Quadriceps Fatigue.

Purpose: We investigated whether a 4-wk period of respiratory muscle endurance training (RMET) or respiratory muscle sprint interval training (RMSIT) would lead to an attenuation of inspiratory muscle and quadriceps fatigue after a bout of high-intensity cycling compared with a placebo intervention (PLAT), as predicted by the respiratory metaboreflex model.

Methods: Thirty-three active, young healthy adults performed RMET, RMSIT, or PLAT. Changes in inspiratory muscle and quadriceps twitches in response to a cycling test at 90% of peak work capacity were assessed before and after training.

Using shoe-mounted inertial sensors and stepping exergames to assess the motor-cognitive status of older adults: A correlational study.

Objective: Stepping exergames designed to stimulate physical and cognitive skills can provide important information concerning individuals' performance. In this study, we investigated the potential of stepping and gameplay metrics to assess the motor-cognitive status of older adults.

Methods: Stepping and gameplay metrics were recorded in a longitudinal study involving 13 older adults with mobility limitations.

Evidence-based yet still challenging! Research on physical activity in old age.

Preserving functional health and quality-of-life in old age is a major goal and global challenge in public health. The high rate of sedentary behavior that is characteristic of the older adult population exacerbates impairments of physiological and structural systems that are typically seen in the aging process. Achieving an understanding of the profound influence of physical activity on all aspects of health in old age is the driving force behind the emergence of "physical activity in old age" as a growing area of research.

Sex differences in quadriceps and inspiratory muscle fatigability following high-intensity cycling.

Objectives: As females have been hypothesized to have more fatigue resistant inspiratory muscles, this study aimed to compare the development of inspiratory and leg muscle fatigue between males and females following high-intensity cycling.

Design: Cross-sectional comparison.

Methods: 17 healthy young males (27 ± 6 years, V̇O 55 ± 10 ml･min･kg) and females (25 ± 4 years, V̇O 45 ± 7 ml･min･kg) cycled until exhaustion at 90% of the peak power output achieved during an incremental test.

The feasibility of a stepping exergame prototype for older adults with major neurocognitive disorder residing in a long-term care facility: a mixed methods pilot study.

Purpose: To explore the feasibility of an exergame prototype in residential individuals with major neurocognitive disorder (MNCD).

Materials And Methods: Participants were randomly assigned to a 12-week stepping exergame training or traditional exercise (active control group). Semi-structured interviews were conducted after six and 12 weeks of exergaming.

Definition and Contextual Factors of Nursing Home Residents' Mobility in a Holistic View: A Delphi Study.

Background And Objectives: Current definitions of older adults' mobility do not cover the full range of influencing factors and do not consider nursing home residents. The present study reports expert ratings from a Delphi study regarding factors influencing the mobility of long-term nursing home residents.

Research Design And Methods: We invited 129 professionals with expertise in a field relevant to research on mobility in older adults such as health care, medicine, or human movement science to participate in a Delphi study comprising 3 rounds of online questionnaires.

Effectiveness of an Individualized Exergame-Based Motor-Cognitive Training Concept Targeted to Improve Cognitive Functioning in Older Adults With Mild Neurocognitive Disorder: Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Simultaneous motor-cognitive training is considered promising for preventing the decline in cognitive functioning in older adults with mild neurocognitive disorder (mNCD) and can be highly motivating when applied in the form of exergaming. The literature points to opportunities for improvement in the application of exergames in individuals with mNCD by developing novel exergames and exergame-based training concepts that are specifically tailored to patients with mNCD and ensuring the implementation of effective training components.

Objective: This study systematically explores the effectiveness of a newly developed exergame-based motor-cognitive training concept (called "Brain-IT") targeted to improve cognitive functioning in older adults with mNCD.

An infant sleep electroencephalographic marker of thalamocortical connectivity predicts behavioral outcome in late infancy.

Infancy represents a critical period during which thalamocortical brain connections develop and mature. Deviations in the maturation of thalamocortical connectivity are linked to neurodevelopmental disorders. There is a lack of early biomarkers to detect and localize neuromaturational deviations, which can be overcome with mapping through high-density electroencephalography (hdEEG) assessed in sleep.