Biomarkers.

Background: ApoE polymorphism especially APOE ε4 play a central role in AD pathophysiology through Aβ-dependent and Aβ-independent neuropathogenic pathway in the Alzheimer's disease.

Method: A cross-sectional study was performed on non diseased and diseased subjects with stroke from outpatient services of Neurology department of Institute of Human Behavior & Allied Sciences (IHBAS), New Delhi (India). Subjects diagnosed with various dementias including Alzheimer's disease, non AD dementias and dementia with Behavior & Psychological symptoms were taken.

Role of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs as a Protective Factor in Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a major neurodegenerative disease, affecting more than two-third cases of dementia in the world. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used anti-inflammatory analgesic agents, representing 7.7% of worldwide prescriptions, of which 90% are in patients over 65 years old.

Empowering nurses for effective diagnostic stewardship: An initiative to address anti-microbial resistance.

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate nurses' baseline understanding of diagnostic stewardship (DS) principles and the impact of an educational intervention on their knowledge and practices.

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR), driven by inappropriate antibiotic use, is a critical global health threat. Effective antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) requires integrating DS to ensure accurate diagnoses through proper test requisition, specimen handling and timely reporting.

Perception of Social Support and Prevalence of Self-Reported Depressive Symptoms among Patients with Head-and-Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Treated at a Tertiary Cancer Centre in North India.

Objectives: This study was conducted to determine and correlate the perception of social support and the prevalence of self-reported depressive symptoms among patients with head-and-neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).

Materials And Methods: This cross-sectional study included 100 patients with HNSCC receiving treatment at a tertiary cancer centre in north India. They were enrolled by a convenient sampling technique.

Indian Trial of Tranexamic acid in Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage study protocol.

Rationale: Early mortality in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is due to hematoma volume (HV) expansion, and there are no effective treatments available other than reduction in blood pressure. Tranexamic acid (TXA) a hemostatic drug that is widely available and safe can be a cost-effective treatment for ICH, if proven efficacious.

Hypothesis: Administration of TXA in ICH patients when given within 4.

Health Systems for Rehabilitation - Critical Appraisal of the National Programme for Stroke in India.

The organized provision of health services in India has been envisioned since 1946 by the recommendations from the Bhore committee. However, the policy and program strategies for the provision of good quality health care still lack effectiveness. Access to rehabilitation services for persons with disabilities continues to be a significant public health problem in India.

Beyond Boundaries and Slippery Slopes: A Case for the Therapeutic Benefits of Gift-Giving in Psychotherapy.

Clients with chronic and severe psychiatric illnesses, such as schizophrenia, often present with significant challenges in psychotherapy, particularly in establishing a stable therapeutic alliance. This paper details a novice therapist's experience and initial challenges in establishing a bond with a client diagnosed with chronic schizophrenia. After initial efforts and 12 months of fluctuating client engagement, the treatment team recognized the need for a stronger alliance.

Transforming Hospital Housekeeping: The Kayakalp Journey.

Introduction: The Kayakalp guidelines for public healthcare facilities under the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan (Clean India Mission) focus on improving sanitation, cleanliness, and infection control at public hospitals in India. This study was conducted in a 960-bed tertiary-level teaching hospital in eastern India. Housekeeping has been a challenge in public institutions, with factors like overcrowding and resource constraints.

Impact of socio-vocational rehabilitation on work productivity and social behavior of inpatients with chronic schizophrenia.

Background: A large proportion of persons with schizophrenia are either abandoned by their family members in mental hospitals or do not have any family members to look after them. Therefore, almost 2/3 of hospital beds are occupied by chronic schizophrenic patients. Very few beds are available for the treatment of acute mental patients who need urgent hospitalization.

Redefining disability certification for mental illness in India: Towards global standards and functional assessments.

This viewpoint advocates for significant reforms in the disability certification guidelines for mental illnesses in India. Currently, two years duration of illness is required before certification, which delays essential support. The proposed model emphasizes assessing the functional impact of conditions, aligns with global standards, and suggests regular reassessments to improve accessibility and inclusivity in mental health services.

Hypertension and global DNA methylation: a population-based study in rural, Punjab, India.

Hypertension is a significant public health concern and a modifiable risk factor for increased mortality worldwide. It is reported to be influenced by gene-environment interactions and micronutrient intake. This study aims to understand the relationship between global DNA methylation levels and hypertension, independently and in the context of micronutrient status, among rural population in Punjab, India.

Systemic inflammatory markers and their association with Alzheimer's disease: A cross-sectional analysis.

Aim: To investigate the possible role of systemic inflammatory markers (interleukin; IL-6, C-reactive protein; CRP, and albumin levels) in the development of Alzheimer's dementia (AD) and also find their association with the severity of disease.

Material And Methods: It was a cross-sectional study. Patients with Alzheimer's dementia (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD) from outpatient settings in tertiary care hospitals and non-demented controls (NDC) were recruited from the community.

Predicting efficacy of antiseizure medication treatment with machine learning algorithms in North Indian population.

Purpose: This study aimed to develop a classifier using supervised machine learning to effectively assess the impact of clinical, demographical, and biochemical factors in accurately predicting the antiseizure medications (ASMs) treatment response in people with epilepsy (PWE).

Methods: Data was collected from 786 PWE at the Outpatient Department of Neurology, Institute of Human Behavior and Allied Sciences (IHBAS), New Delhi, India from 2005 to 2015. Patients were followed up at the 2nd, 4th, 8th, and 12th month over the span of 1 year for the drugs being administered and their dosage, the serum drug levels, the frequency of seizure control, drug efficacy, the adverse drug reactions (ADRs), and their compliance to ASMs.

Telerehabilitation - historical perspectives and conceptual framework in reference to neurological disorders: A narrative review.

Background: Telerehabilitation as a new subdiscipline of telehealth is the application of information technology to support and deliver rehabilitation services via two-way or multipoint interactive online telecommunication technology. This enables the therapist to optimize the timing, intensity, and duration of therapy which is often not possible within the constraints of face-to-face treatment protocols in current health systems.

Objective: To review the historical perspective and conceptual framework of telerehabilitation in neurological disorders.

An Extremely Rare LAMA2 Gene Variant c.442C>T (p.Arg148Trp) Causing Late-Onset LAMA2-Related Dystrophy.

Mutations in the alpha-2 subunits of the laminin gene (LAMA2) cause an autosomal recessive congenital muscular dystrophy (CMD) subtype known as laminin a2-related muscular dystrophies (LAMA2-RD). LAMA2-RD can present with a wide range of phenotypes ranging from severe infantile congenital muscular dystrophy to milder adult-onset limb-girdle muscular dystrophy. This case describes a 28-year-old Indian gentleman having childhood-onset focal seizures, gradually progressive proximal predominant lower-limb weakness for the past three years, elevated creatinine phosphokinase levels, and MRI brain suggestive of diffuse symmetrical periventricular white matter hyperintensities.