Children and families with chronic pediatric acquired brain injury in need of rehabilitation: characteristics and main challenges in daily life.

Purpose: To increase our understanding of child and parent characteristics, family functioning and main challenges in daily life in children and families in need of rehabilitation in the chronic phase of pediatric acquired brain injury (pABI).

Methods: Fifty-eight children (aged 6-16, 48% girls) were included at least one year post ABI. Demographics and questionnaire data regarding children's symptom burden, parents' emotional symptoms and family functioning were collected.

Access to colorectal cancer screening for Pakistani immigrants in Norway - a qualitative study.

Background: The Norwegian colorectal cancer (CRC) screening program started in May 2022. Inequalities in CRC screening participation are a challenge, and we expect that certain groups, such as immigrants, are at risk of non-participation. Prior to the start of the national screening program, a pilot study showed lower participation rates in CRC screening among immigrants from Pakistan.

Drugs in blood and urine samples from victims of suspected exposure to drink spiking: A prospective observational study from Oslo, Norway.

Objective: People regularly contact emergency medicine services concerned that they have been exposed to drink spiking, i.e., exposure to drugs without their knowledge or permission.

Neurocysticercosis Prevalence and Characteristics in Communities of Sinda District in Zambia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: This study aimed at describing the epidemiology of (neuro)cysticercosis as well as its clinical and radiological characteristics in a Taenia solium endemic district of Zambia.

Methods: This was part of a cross-sectional community-based study conducted in Sinda district to evaluate an antibody-detecting T. solium point-of-care (TS POC) test for taeniosis and (neuro)cysticercosis.

Differences of sex development and surgical decisions: focus group interviews with health care professionals in Norway.

Background: Differences of Sex Development (DSD) are congenital conditions where the chromosomal, gonadal and anatomical sex characteristics do not strictly belong to male or female categories, or that belong to both at the same time. Surgical interventions for individuals with DSD remain controversial, among affected individuals, caregivers, and health-care providers. A lack of evidence in support of, for deferring, or for avoiding surgery complicates the decision-making process.

Interventions to reduce adult state anxiety, dental trait anxiety, and dental phobia: A systematic review and meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials.

This review evaluates randomized controlled trials (RCTs) intervening on adult state anxiety (fear and emotional distress during dental treatment), chronic dental (trait) anxiety or dental phobia (disproportionately high trait anxiety; meeting diagnostic criteria for specific phobia). Seven online databases were systematically searched. 173 RCTs met inclusion criteria, of which 67 qualified for 14 pooled analyses.

A systematic survey of 200 systematic reviews with network meta-analysis (published 2020-2021) reveals that few reviews report structured evidence summaries.

Objectives: To map whether and how systematic reviews (SRs) with network meta-analysis (NMA) use presentation formats to report (a) structured evidence summaries - here defined as reporting of effects estimates in absolute effects with certainty ratings and with a method to rate interventions across one or more outcome(s) - and (b) NMA results in general.

Study Design And Setting: We conducted a systematic survey, searching MEDLINE (Ovid) for SRs with NMA published between January 1, 2020, and December 31, 2021. We planned to include a random sample of publications, with predefined mechanisms in place for saturation, and included SRs that met prespecified quality criteria and extracted data on presentation formats that reported: (a) estimates of effects, (b) certainty of the evidence, or (c) rating of interventions.

Dental caries status and related factors among 12-year-old Somali school children in Hargeisa.

Objectives: There is little data on the oral health conditions of Somali children. The aim was to assess the dental caries status and related risk factors of 12-aged children in primary schools in Hargeisa, Somaliland.

Methods: A school-based survey was conducted in Hargeisa in December 2022.

Effectiveness of behavioural change interventions to influence maternal and child healthcare-seeking behaviour in low and lower-middle-income countries: A systematic review of literature.

While behavioural change interventions are utilized in low- and lower-middle-income countries and may be essential in reducing maternal and child mortality, evidence on the effectiveness of such interventions is lacking. This review provides evidence on the effectiveness of behavioural change interventions designed to improve maternal and child healthcare-seeking behaviour in low- and lower-middle-income countries. We searched three electronic databases (PUBMED, EMBASE, and PsycINFO) for articles published in English and French between January 2013 and December 2022.

Metacognitive beliefs, mood symptoms, and fatigue four years after stroke: An explorative study.

Objective: This cross-sectional study investigated the relationship between metacognition and mood symptoms four years post-stroke and examined fatigue as a potential moderator for this relationship.

Methods: A number of 143 participants completed a survey that included the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), the Metacognition Questionnaire-30 (MCQ-30), the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), and the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) (functional status) four years after stroke. Multiple regression analyses adjusting for demographic and stroke-specific covariates were performed with anxiety and depression as dependent variables and fatigue as a moderator.

"It turned out right for both of us": A qualitative study about a preference for home death and actual place of death.

This qualitative study was conducted in Norway to explore couples' preference for home death when one of the partners was dying from cancer, and what made home death possible or not. We conducted dyad interviews with five couples. After the patients' death, the spouses participated in individual interviews.

Long-term Outcomes After Kidney Transplantation From DBD Donors Aged 70 y and Older.

Background: Transplantation of kidneys from elderly donations after brain death (DBD) donors has increased owing to organ shortages. We aimed to assess the impact on long-term kidney transplant outcomes from DBD donors aged 70 y and older compared with kidneys from younger donors.

Methods: From 2007 to 2022, 2274 first single kidney transplantations from DBD donors were performed at our center.

Cardiovascular disease risk factors and infertility: multivariable analyses and one-sample Mendelian randomization analyses in the Trøndelag Health Study.

Study Question: Are cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors causally associated with higher risk of infertility among women and men?

Summary Answer: We found evidence to support a causal relationship between smoking initiation and history of infertility in women.

What Is Known Already: Several CVD risk factors are associated with history of infertility. Previous studies using Mendelian randomization (MR) further support a causal relationship between BMI and infertility in women.

Does assistive technology contribute to safety among home-dwelling older adults?

Background: Assistive technology carries the promise of alleviating public expenditure on long-term care, while at the same time enabling older adults to live more safely at home for as long as possible. Home-dwelling older people receiving reablement and dementia care at their homes are two important target groups for assistive technology. However, the need for help, the type of help and the progression of their needs differ.

Perinatal mortality among pregnant undocumented migrants in Norway 1999-2020: A register-based population study.

Background: Irregular legal status is a recognized health risk factor in the context of migration. However, undocumented migrants are rarely included in health surveys and register studies. Adverse perinatal outcomes are especially important because they have long-term consequences and societal risk factors are modifiable.

The prognostic importance of traumatic axonal injury on early MRI: the Trondheim TAI-MRI grading and quantitative models.

Objectives: We analysed magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings after traumatic brain injury (TBI) aiming to improve the grading of traumatic axonal injury (TAI) to better reflect the outcome.

Methods: Four-hundred sixty-three patients (8-70 years) with mild (n = 158), moderate (n = 129), or severe (n = 176) TBI and early MRI were prospectively included. TAI presence, numbers, and volumes at predefined locations were registered on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) and diffusion-weighted imaging, and presence and numbers on T2*GRE/SWI.

Educational inequalities and self-reported health among men and women aged 18-49 years in Yangon Region, Myanmar: analysis of a population-based, cross-sectional study.

Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of good self-reported health (SRH) in subpopulations based on the social determinants of health and to investigate the association between education (measured in years of schooling) and good SRH among men and women aged 18-49 years in Yangon Region, Myanmar.

Design: Analysis of data from a population-based, cross-sectional study conducted in Yangon, Myanmar, from October to November 2016. A multistage sampling procedure was employed, and structured face-to-face interviews were conducted with standardised questions adapted from the Myanmar Demographic and Health Survey.