Quality of care offered by health care retail markets for medication abortion self-management: Findings from states in Nigeria and India.

Dispensing of misoprostol and mifepristone by pharmacies and chemist shops for self-management of medication abortion (MA) fills a crucial gap in settings where abortion care by trained health professionals is not readily available. This promising service delivery pathway, endorsed by the World Health Organization (WHO), is hindered by concerns of poor-quality care. Simulated clients collected data on MA pill dispensing practices from 92 pharmacies and chemist shops in three Nigerian states and 127 pharmacies in an Indian state that we have anonymized.

Fructose-1,6-diphosphate inhibits viral replication by promoting the lysosomal degradation of HMGB1 and blocking the binding of HMGB1 to the viral genome.

Fructose-1,6-diphosphate (FBP), a key glycolytic metabolite, is recognized for its cytoprotective effects during stress. However, the role of FBP in viral infections is unknown. Here, we demonstrate that virus-infected cells exhibit elevated FBP levels.

Visual analysis of research trends and hotspots in wearable electronic devices in the medical field: A bibliometric study.

Background: Healthcare services and functionalities need comprehensive upgrades, and advancements in information technology have driven research in wearable electronic devices (WDs), making them critical tools for this purpose.

Objective: To conduct a systematic bibliometric analysis of WDs in the medical field and understand research trends.

Methods: A literature search of articles related to WDs in the medical field was conducted in the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) from 2013 to 2023.

Chronic kidney disease and thyroid hormones.

Introduction: Thyroid dysfunction is prevalent in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients and significantly impacts renal outcomes and mortality. This study investigated the associations between thyroid function and clinical outcomes, and also the therapeutic effects of thyroid hormone replacement therapy (THRT) in CKD patients.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using data from the China Renal Data System.

LRa05 in the treatment of acute diarrhea in children: a randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: The goal of this study is to assess the efficacy and safety of LRa05, as an adjunct to the treatment of acute watery diarrhea in children.

Methods: Eligible diarrheal children were randomized into intervention group (IG,  = 57) and control group (CG,  = 54), and given probiotics or placebo, respectively.

Results: The total duration of diarrhea in the IG (121.

CAR-T cell therapy: Challenge and opportunity for effective treatment of small cell lung cancer.

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a devastating malignancy characterized by rapid metastasis, drug resistance, and frequent recurrence. Owing to the paucity of existing therapeutic options, the prognosis of SCLC remains poor. Recently, the combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors and chemotherapy has resulted in modest improvements in treatment responses.

Inflammation-based scores predict chronic kidney disease progression in patients with chronic kidney disease and chronic heart failure.

Background: Inflammation is associated with adverse outcomes of chronic kidney disease (CKD) or chronic heart failure (CHF), but few large data exist. We aimed to explore the clinical associations, and prognostic consequences of inflammation-based scores in patients with CKD and CHF.

Methods: This work was a retrospective cohort study.

Riboflavin kinase binds and activates inducible nitric oxide synthase to reprogram macrophage polarization.

Riboflavin kinase (RFK) is essential in riboflavin metabolism, converting riboflavin to flavin mononucleotide (FMN), which is further processed to flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD). While RFK enhances macrophage phagocytosis of Listeria monocytogenes, its role in macrophage polarization is not well understood. Our study reveals that RFK deficiency impairs M(IFN-γ) and promotes M(IL-4) polarization, both in vitro and in vivo.

Betel Quid Use and Tuberculosis Transmission: A Neglected Focus Area for Tuberculosis Control in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.

Habitual betel quid consumption and spitting contribute to tuberculosis (TB) transmission due to direct exposure to pathogens, immunosuppression, and social contact. Despite betel quid being classified as a group 1 human carcinogen and a high prevalence of betel quid consumption in patients with TB, there exists a knowledge gap in the relationship between quid use and TB, which presents as a neglected opportunity to address the global burden of TB in low- and middle-income countries. Understanding such a knowledge gap is crucial when taking measures at various levels, including research prioritization, behavior change communication, and legislation to address the availability and access of quid products, coupled with community-based interventional strategies.

Development and Validation of Machine Learning Models for Identifying Prediabetes and Diabetes in Normoglycemia.

Background: Prediabetes and diabetes are both abnormal states of glucose metabolism (AGM) that can lead to severe complications. Early detection of AGM is crucial for timely intervention and treatment. However, fasting blood glucose (FBG) as a mass population screening method may fail to identify some individuals who are actually AGM but with normoglycemia.

Accumulated subcutaneous fat in abdomen is associated with long COVID-19 symptoms among non-hospitalized patients: a prospective observational study.

Introduction: Long COVID-19 symptoms may have a variety of potential overlapping causes. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential correlation between abdominal adipose tissue and long COVID-19 symptoms in non-hospitalized patients in China.

Methods: This is a prospective observational study.

Oleogels loaded with lycopene structured using Zein/EGCG/Ca complexes: Preparation, characterization and potential application.

Oleogels have attracted considerable attention due to their excellent viscoelasticity and high content of polyunsaturated fatty acid. This study explored the potential of Zein/(-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate/Ca complexes oleogels loaded with lycopene as potential substitute for solid fats in biscuit formulations. Utilizing an emulsion-templated method, oleogels were prepared and characterized for visual appearance, droplet size, microstructure, and rheological properties.

Quality of life among community health workers in the districts of Koppal, Raichur and Mysore, Karnataka State, India.

Aim: To explore the Quality of life among the community health workers and its association with the socio-demographic variables.

Subject And Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 739 Community Health Workers (CHWs), where a multistage random sampling technique was used and three districts were selected based on the proportion of Accredited Social Health Activist (ASHA) in the districts of Karnataka. "WHOQOL-BREF" was used along with a Sociodemographic profile to determine the Quality of Life (QoL) among the CHWs.

HECTD2 as a target for veratric acid in the regulation of ferroptosis in renal cell carcinoma.

Function of HECTD2 in renal cell carcinoma malignant progression is undefined. Molecular mechanism behind anti-cancer effects of veratric acid (VA) from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is underexplored. The Cancer Genome Atlas was leveraged to study HECTD2 expression in renal cell carcinoma and its relationship with histological grading.

Integrating cellular experiments, single-cell sequencing, and machine learning to identify endoplasmic reticulum stress biomarkers in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

Background: Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) presents a severe respiratory challenge with a poor prognosis due to the lack of reliable biomarkers. Recent evidence suggests that Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress (ERS) may be associated with IPF pathogenesis. This study focuses on uncovering ERS-associated biomarkers for IPF.

The impact of internet device diversity on depressive symptoms among middle-aged and older adults in China: A cross-lagged model of social participation as the mediating role.

Background: Depressive symptoms is more prevalent in middle-aged and older populations, and the development of Internet technology has brought new challenges and opportunities for the mental health of this group. This study aims to explore the bidirectional relationship between Internet device diversity and levels of depressive symptoms through longitudinal data analysis, as well as investigate the mediating role of social participation.

Methods: Data for the analysis was retrieved from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) in 2015, 2018, and 2020, which included 9259 middle-aged and older adults.

Childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus in China, 2016-21: a nationwide study.

Background: Childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disorder that can lead to serious organ damage. Despite the prevalence of SLE among children in Asian countries, treatment guidelines, prognosis, and clinical decision making for children with SLE are limited by gaps in region-specific epidemiological data. The aim of this study was to analyse epidemiological characteristics of childhood-onset SLE and associated organ involvement and in-hospital mortality in China.

Resveratrol Protects Müller Cells Against Ferroptosis in the Early Stage of Diabetic Retinopathy by Regulating the Nrf2/GPx4/PTGS2 Pathway.

The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-ferroptotic effect of resveratrol (RSV) on retinal Müller cells (RMCs) in the early stages of diabetic retinopathy (DR) via the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPx4)/prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2). The retina was obtained from normal and diabetic Sprague-Dawley rats or wild-type and Nrf2 knockout (KO) diabetic mice, with or without RSV (10 mg/kg/d) treatment for 12 weeks. RMCs transfected with or without SiNrf2 were cultured with high glucose and RSV (20 mM).

Recent advances in dietary polyphenols (DPs): antioxidant activities, nutrient interactions, delivery systems, and potential applications.

Dietary polyphenols (DPs) have garnered growing interest because of their potent functional properties and health benefits. Nevertheless, the antioxidant capabilities of these substances are compromised by their multifarious structural compositions. Furthermore, most DPs are hydrophobic and unstable when subjected to light, heat, and varying pH conditions, restricting their practical application.