Characteristics of vocal cues, facial action units, and emotions that distinguish high from low self-protection participants engaged in self-protective response to self-criticizing.

Introduction: Self-protection, also called protective anger or assertive anger, is a key factor in mental health. Thus, far, researchers have focused mainly on the qualitative analysis of self-protection.

Methods: Therefore, we investigated facial action units, emotions, and vocal cues in low and high self-protective groups of participants in order to detect any differences.

Exploring the psychometric properties of the Persian Depression Anxiety Stress Scale for Youth (DASS-Y): factor structure and reliability in Iranian children and adolescents.

Background: The Depression Anxiety Stress Scale for Youth (DASS-Y) is a self-report instrument recently developed to evaluate negative emotional states in children and adolescents. However, the Persian version's factor structure and psychometric properties have yet to be investigated in Iranian youth. The study aimed to assess the factor structure and reliability of the Persian DASS-Y in a sample of Iranian children and adolescents.

Imprint of ancestral and modern threats in human mind - experience of fear, disgust, and anger.

Introduction: Threats to our survival are often posed by the environment in which humans have evolved or live today. Animal and human ancestors developed complex physiological and behavioral response systems to cope with two types of threats: immediate physical harm from predators or conspecifics, triggering fear, and the risk of infections from parasites and pathogens leading to the evolution of the behavioral immune system (BIS) with disgust as the key emotion. Here we ask whether the BIS has adapted to protect us from pandemic risks or poisoning by modern toxic substances.

Peer rejection and internet gaming disorder: the mediating role of relative deprivation and the moderating role of grit.

Background: Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) is a new behavioral addiction. A large number of empirical studies have shown that Internet Gaming Disorder has a high level of comorbidity with other diseases, including depression, anxiety, obesity, internalizing and externalizing behavioral problems, however, little is known about the mediating and moderating mechanisms underlying this relation. The current study adopted a three-time longitudinal study investing the mediating effect of relative deprivation on the association between peer rejection and IGD, and whether this mediating effect was moderated by the grit.

The role of vitamin K2 in cognitive impairment: linking vascular health to brain health.

Cognitive impairment, marked by a decline in essential mental aspects such as attention, memory, and problem-solving, is significantly correlated with advancing age. This condition presents a major challenge for the elderly, adversely affecting quality of life, diminishing independence, and imposing substantial burdens on healthcare systems. Recent research indicates that vitamin K2 may be vital for preserving brain health and cognitive function.

Long COVID facts and findings: a large-scale online survey in 74,075 Chinese participants.

Background: Research on long COVID in China is limited, particularly in terms of large-sample epidemiological data and the effects of recent SARS-CoV-2 sub-variants. China provides an ideal study environment owing to its large infection base, high vaccine coverage, and stringent pre-pandemic measures.

Methods: This retrospective study used an online questionnaire to investigate SARS-CoV-2 infection status and long COVID symptoms among 74,075 Chinese residents over one year.

Energy-based modelling of single actin filament polymerization using bond graphs.

Bond graphs provide an energy-based methodology for modelling complex systems hierarchically; at the moment, the method allows biological systems with both chemical and electrical subsystems to be modelled. Herein, the bond graph approach is extended to include chemomechanical transduction thus extending the range of biological systems to be modelled. Actin filament polymerization and force generation is used as an example of chemomechanical transduction, and it is shown that the (transformer) bond graph component provides a practical, and conceptually simple, alternative to the Brownian ratchet approach of Peskin, Odell, Oster and Mogilner.

A systematic review of the cost-effectiveness of anti-VEGF drugs for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy.

Background: Non-proliferative and proliferative diabetic retinopathy are common complications of diabetes and a major cause of sight loss. Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor drugs represent a treatment option for people with diabetic retinopathy and are routinely used to treat various other eye conditions. However, anti-vascular endothelial growth factor drugs are expensive relative to current care options, and it is unclear whether this additional cost is justified when the immediate risk of vision loss is lower compared to patients with more aggressive ophthalmological conditions.

Dietary Intake and Micronutrient Adequacy among Adults in Rural Sri Lanka: Findings from a Cross-Sectional Baseline Survey.

Objective: To characterize food group consumption, assess the contribution of food groups to energy and micronutrient intake, and estimate usual nutrient intake among adults in rural Sri Lanka.

Design: A baseline survey (Dec 2020-Feb 2021) was conducted as part of an agriculture-based, nutrition-sensitive resilience program evaluation. Dietary intake was assessed using telephone-based 24-hour recalls (n=1283), with repeat recalls from 769 participants.

Arthroplasty registries at a glance: an initiative of the International Society of Arthroplasty Registries (ISAR) to facilitate access, understanding, and reporting of registry data from an international perspective.

Background And Purpose:  The amount of information publicly available from arthroplasty registries is large but could be used more effectively. This project aims to improve the knowledge concerning existing registries to facilitate access, transparency, harmonization, and reporting.

Methods: Within the International Society of Arthroplasty Registries (ISAR) we aimed at developing, testing, adopting, and making publicly available a short, standardized registry description with items considered relevant for stakeholders using a cross-sectional study survey.

Enhancing transcranial ultrasound stimulation planning with MRI-derived skull masks: a comparative analysis with CT-based processing.

Transcranial ultrasound stimulation (TUS) presents challenges in ultrasound wave transmission through the skull, affecting study outcomes due to aberration and attenuation. While planning strategies incorporating 3D computed tomography (CT) scans help mitigate these issues, they expose participants to radiation, which can raise ethical concerns. A solution involves generating skull masks from participants' anatomical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

The Banning of Engineered Stone in Australia: An Evidence-Based and Precautionary Policy.

On December 13, 2023, Australia became the first country to ban engineered stone. This material contains more than 80 percent crystalline silica, agglomerated with resins, metal oxides and other (potentially toxic) substances. Engineered stone has become a mass-market product since the late 1990s and has contributed to a worldwide resurgence of accelerated forms of silicosis and a notable incidence of systemic diseases.

Organizational and Structural Factors in Building the Therapeutic Alliance in a Work Rehabilitation Program With Injured Immigrant Workers in Quebec.

The therapeutic alliance is central to occupational rehabilitation, particularly for immigrant workers who face unique challenges of migration and of social and occupational integration. This study explores the development and maintenance of this alliance between immigrant workers with compensated work injuries and their care providers during work rehabilitation. Using ethnography, semi-structured interviews, and focus groups, the qualitative case study involved 7 injured immigrant workers and their interdisciplinary clinical team.

Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances and Twin Growth Discordance: New Insights from a Twin Birth Cohort Study.

Prenatal exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) has been linked to adverse fetal growth and development. However, most evidence was generated based on the singleton pregnancy studies, whereas potential impact on twin fetuses remains largely unknown. This study aimed to explore the associations of prenatal PFAS exposure with the growth and developmental differences within twin pairs by investigating 162 twin newborns and their mothers and determining 19 PFASs in maternal serum during the first, second, and third trimesters and cord serum of twins.

Socioeconomic characteristics and relapse-free and overall survival from childhood cancer - a nationwide study based on data from the Danish Childhood Cancer Registry.

Background And Purpose: Over the past decades, childhood cancer survival has increased substantially in Europe, including Denmark. However, families with fewer social resources may have benefitted less from these improvements. In this nationwide register-based study, we assessed associations between parental socioeconomic position (SEP) and 5-year relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) in childhood cancer patients.

Use of a Continuum-Based Framework to Advance General Health Integration in Community Behavioral Health Clinics.

Objective: This study assessed the utility and effectiveness of the new general health integration (GHI) framework among community behavioral health organizations designated as certified community behavioral health clinics (CCBHCs) or in the process of applying to become a CCBHC.

Methods: Nineteen licensed community behavioral health clinics, 18 of which had CCBHC status, participated in a 12-month learning collaborative. They used the GHI framework to assess their integration stage for 15 subdomains within eight domains of evidence-based practice.

Youth Inpatient and Residential Treatment Psychiatric Beds: National Trends and Potential Causal Factors, 2010-2022.

Objective: Youth inpatient and residential treatment psychiatric services are essential components of the continuum of care. Concern has grown about the diminished availability of these services and the increasing need for them. This study aimed to examine the number of youths treated at inpatient and residential psychiatric facilities over a 12-year period and to assess the perceptions of state mental health authorities (SMHAs) about the reasons for changes in availability.

Effects of an Organizational Implementation Strategy on Sustainment of Measurement-Based Care in Community Mental Health.

Objective: Little is known about how to sustain evidence-based interventions with fidelity in community mental health settings. Phase 1 of the Working to Implement and Sustain Digital Outcome Measures (WISDOM) trial showed that an organizational strategy improved the implementation of measurement-based care (MBC) in mental health services for youths 1-12 months after clinician MBC training. The authors report results from phase 2 of the trial, in which the strategy's effects on MBC sustainment 13-26 months after clinician MBC training were examined.

Cognitive Outcomes After Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for the Treatment of Late-Life Depression: Résultats cognitifs après la stimulation magnétique transcrânienne pour le traitement de la dépression chez les personnes âgées.

Background: Late-life depression (LLD) is often accompanied by cognitive impairment, which may persist despite antidepressant treatment. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is an efficacious treatment for depression, with potential benefits on cognitive functioning. However, research on cognitive effects is inconclusive, relatively sparse in LLD, and predominantly focused on group-level cognitive changes.

Persian version of the International ICD-11 Prolonged Grief Disorder Scale (IPGDS): Validity and reliability.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the International ICD-11 Prolonged Grief Disorder Scale (IPGDS).

Methods: A total of 554 participants (18 years and older, 326 women) completed the Persian IPGDS along with other measures. Participants were recruited through convenience sampling.

A comprehensive bibliographic study on mental illness.

This study presents a comprehensive analysis of recent mental illness research by utilizing an advanced bibliographic method capable of analyzing up to 12,965 papers indexed in the Web of Science database, overcoming the limitations of traditional tools like VOSviewer, which typically analyze fewer than 1,000 papers. By examining a vast dataset, this study identifies key trends, significant keywords, and prominent contributors, including leading researchers, universities, and countries/regions, in the field of mental illness research. Additionally, the study highlights eight major contributors to mental health problems, offering critical insights into the field’s current state.

Performance of algorithms using wrist temperature for retrospective ovulation day estimate and next menses start day prediction: a prospective cohort study.

Study Question: Can algorithms using wrist temperature, available on compatible models of iPhone and Apple Watch, retrospectively estimate the day of ovulation and predict the next menses start day?

Summary Answer: Algorithms using wrist temperature can provide retrospective ovulation estimates and next menses start day predictions for individuals with typical or atypical cycle lengths.

What Is Known Already: Wrist skin temperature is affected by hormonal changes associated with the menstrual cycle and can be used to estimate the timing of cycle events.

Study Design, Size, Duration: We conducted a prospective cohort study of 262 menstruating females (899 menstrual cycles) aged 14 and older who logged their menses, performed urine LH testing to define day of ovulation, recorded daily basal body temperature (BBT), and collected overnight wrist temperature.

Oregon's Emerging Psilocybin Services Workforce: A Survey of the First Legal Psilocybin Facilitators and Their Training Programs.

New legal frameworks for supervised psychedelic services are emerging, with Oregon and Colorado implementing programs to train and license psilocybin facilitators. This study describes Oregon's early psilocybin facilitator workforce and assesses state-approved training programs. The Open Psychedelic Evaluation Nexus (OPEN) reviewed Oregon Health Authority-approved training programs and surveyed facilitators who had completed or were enrolled in these programs between July and November 2023.

The health and well-being of children with medical complexity and their parents' when admitted to inpatient care units: A scoping review.

Children with medical complexity (CMC) are regularly admitted to inpatient care units to receive medical care. While admissions for CMC and their parents can negatively impact their health and well-being, mapping of evidence in this area appears underreported. A scoping review using the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology was conducted to map evidence on CMC and parents' experiences of care.