Emergency managers' challenges with wildfires and related cascading hazards in California.

This study investigates the complexities faced by emergency managers in wildfire-prone areas to uncover pressing issues and potential solutions. Four themes are discerned through three focus group discussions with emergency managers from nine counties across California. First, there is unequal access to resources for both risk assessment and response, with counties that have fewer resources facing significant challenges in effectively managing wildfire risks.

Occult collision tumor of the gastroesophageal junction comprising adenocarcinomas with distinct molecular profiles.

Collision tumors, characterized by the coexistence of two unique neoplasms in close approximation, are rare and pose diagnostic challenges. This is particularly true when the unique neoplasms are of the same histologic type. Here we report such a case where comprehensive tumor profiling by next generation sequencing (NGS) as well as immunohistochemistry revealed two independent adenocarcinomas comprising what was initially diagnosed as a single adenocarcinoma of the gastroesophageal (GEJ) junction.

Prospective associations between organisational changes and health outcomes among French employees who remained in employment.

Objectives: To explore the prospective associations of organisational changes with health outcomes among employees who remained in employment.

Methods: The study relied on the prospective data of the national French working conditions survey collected from employees and their employers in 2013, 2016 and 2019. The study sample included 4480 private sector employees.

Evaluating Injury and Illness Trends in Federal and Postal Service Employees Using Workers' Compensation Claims Data 2007-2022.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to understand federal workplace injury/illness trends.

Methods: Over 1.5 million federal and Postal Service employee workers' compensation (WC) claims from 2007 to 2022 were linked to employment data and analyzed.

Work functioning impairment and telework: Influence of family cohabiting situation.

Objectives: To clarify the association between telework with family members at home and work functioning impairment.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 27,036 participants. Having children or cohabitants in need of care at home during telework was considered an exposure factor.

Impact of family cohabitation status and work-from-home on sleep problems among Japanese workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: This cross-sectional study examined the impact of family cohabitation status and work-from-home (WFH) on sleep during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: An online survey of 27,036 Japanese workers assessed WFH frequency, family cohabitation, and trouble sleeping to estimate odds ratios (OR) for sleep problems from December 22 to 26, 2020.

Results: In multivariate analysis, WFH had no significant benefit for trouble sleeping ≥3 months.

The Importance of Frailty in Older Adults With Benign Paroxysmal Positioning Vertigo.

Background And Purpose: Even though Benign Paroxysmal Positioning Vertigo (BPPV) is one of the most reported vestibular disorders, its interaction with frailty and postural control in older adults is hardly or not investigated.

Methods: Thirty-seven older adults (≥65 years) with a diagnosis of BPPV (oaBPPV) (mean age 73.13 (4.

Association between presenteeism and mistreatment at the workplace during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan: A one-year prospective cohort study.

Objective: Workers were subject to both presenteeism and workplace mistreatment during the COVID-19 pandemic. We aimed to examine their association during the pandemic in Japan.Methods: An internet-based, one-year prospective cohort study was conducted from 2020 to 2021.

Effectiveness of Synchronous Postdischarge Contacts on Health Care Use and Patient Satisfaction : A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Postdischarge contacts (PDCs) after hospitalization are common practice, but their effectiveness in reducing use of acute care after discharge remains unclear.

Purpose: To assess the effects of PDC on 30-day emergency department (ED) visits, 30-day hospital readmissions, and patient satisfaction.

Data Sources: MEDLINE, Embase, and CINAHL searched from 2012 to 25 May 2023.

Development and Beta Validation of an mHealth-Based Hearing Screener (SRESHT) for Young Children in Resource-Limited Countries: Pilot Validation Study.

Background: The prevalence of hearing loss in infants in India varies between 4 and 5 per 1000. Objective-based otoacoustic emissions and auditory brainstem response have been used in high-income countries for establishing early hearing screening and intervention programs. Nevertheless, the use of objective screening tests in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) such as India is not feasible.

AI Interventions to Alleviate Healthcare Shortages and Enhance Work Conditions in Critical Care: Qualitative Analysis.

Background: The escalating global scarcity of skilled health care professionals is a critical concern, further exacerbated by rising stress levels and clinician burnout rates. Artificial intelligence (AI) has surfaced as a potential resource to alleviate these challenges. Nevertheless, it is not taken for granted that AI will inevitably augment human performance, as ill-designed systems may inadvertently impose new burdens on health care workers, and implementation may be challenging.

Effectiveness of the User-Centered "Healthcare CEO" App for Patients With Type 1 Diabetes Transitioning From Adolescence to Early Adulthood: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Young patients aged 16 to 25 years with type 1 diabetes (T1D) often encounter challenges related to deteriorating disease control and accelerated complications. Mobile apps have shown promise in enhancing self-care among youth with diabetes. However, inconsistent findings suggest that further evidence is necessary to confirm the effectiveness of app-based interventions.

Analysis of Reddit Discussions on Motivational Factors for Physical Activity: Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Despite the ample benefits of physical activity (PA), many individuals do not meet the minimum PA recommended by health organizations. Structured questionnaires and interviews are commonly used to study why individuals perform PA and their strategies to adhere to PA. However, certain biases are inherent to these tools that limit what can be concluded from their results.

Jargon and Readability in Plain Language Summaries of Health Research: Cross-Sectional Observational Study.

Background: The idea of making science more accessible to nonscientists has prompted health researchers to involve patients and the public more actively in their research. This sometimes involves writing a plain language summary (PLS), a short summary intended to make research findings accessible to nonspecialists. However, whether PLSs satisfy the basic requirements of accessible language is unclear.

Enhancing HIV Cognitive Abilities and Self-Management Through Information Technology-Assisted Interventions: Scoping Review.

Background: HIV/AIDS remains a significant global challenge, and with the rapid advancement of technology, there has been an increasing number of interventions aimed at improving HIV/AIDS cognition and self-management behaviors among patients. However, there is still a lack of detailed literature integrating relevant evidence.

Objective: This study aims to comprehensively review existing research on interventions using modern information methods to improve HIV/AIDS cognition and enhance self-management behaviors among patients.

Novel Immune Response Evasion Strategy to Redose Adeno-associated Viral Vectors and Prolong Survival in Surfactant Protein-B Deficient Mice.

Surfactant protein-B (SP-B) deficiency is a lethal neonatal respiratory disease with few therapeutic options. Gene therapy using adeno-associated viruses (AAV) to deliver human cDNA (AAV-hSPB) can improve survival in a mouse model of SP-B deficiency. However, the effect of this gene therapy wanes.

Supervised Exercise for Patients With Metastatic Breast Cancer: A Cost-Utility Analysis Alongside the PREFERABLE-EFFECT Randomized Controlled Trial.

Purpose: To evaluate the cost utility of a 9-month supervised exercise program for patients with metastatic breast cancer (mBC), compared with control (usual care, supplemented with general activity advice and an activity tracker). Evidence on the cost-effectiveness of exercise for patients with mBC is essential for implementation in clinical practice and is currently lacking.

Methods: A cost-utility analysis was performed alongside the multinational PREFERABLE-EFFECT randomized controlled trial, conducted in 8 centers across Europe and Australia.

Comparative glucocorticoid receptor agonism: In silico, in vitro, and in vivo and identification of potential biomarkers for synthetic glucocorticoid exposure.

The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is present in almost every vertebrate cell and is utilized in many biological processes. Despite an abundance of mammalian data, the structural conservation of the receptor and cross-species susceptibility, particularly for aquatic species, has not been well defined. Efforts to reduce, refine, and/or replace animal testing have increased, driving the impetus to advance development of new approach methodologies (NAMs).

The model of fear of movement/(re)injury runs clockwise from catastrophizing: evidence from a sample of outpatients with chronic non-specific low back pain.

Objective: To provide evidence that catastrophizing is the primer of the cognitive-behavioural model of fear of movement/(re)injury (FAM).

Design: A cross-sectional analysis of 180 outpatients with chronic non-specific low back pain who completed the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK), the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale - Depression (HADS-D), and a pain intensity numerical rating scale (NRS). The intercorrelations of the outcome measures were estimated using Pearson's correlation coefficient (r), and regression analyses were used to examine their predictive values by following the left side of the FAM clockwise from the PCS (p = 0.

Effect of cardiomyocyte-specific lipid phosphate phosphatase 3 overexpression on high-fat diet-induced cardiometabolic dysfunction in mice.

Lipid phosphate phosphatase 3 (LPP3) is a membrane-bound enzyme that hydrolyzes lipid phosphates including the bioactive lipid, lysophosphatidic acid (LPA). Elevated circulating LPA production and cellular LPA signaling are implicated in obesity-induced metabolic and cardiac dysfunction. Deletion of LPP3 in the cardiomyocyte increases circulating LPA levels and causes heart failure and mitochondrial dysfunction in mice.

Mental Illness and Substance Use Disorder Stigma: Mapping Pathways Between Structures and Individuals to Accelerate Research and Intervention.

Researchers, interventionists, and clinicians are increasingly recognizing the importance of structural stigma in elevating the risk of mental illnesses (MIs) and substance use disorders (SUDs) and in undermining MI/SUD treatment and recovery. Yet, the pathways through which structural stigma influences MI/SUD-related outcomes remain unclear. In this review, we aim to address this gap by summarizing scholarship on structural MI/SUD stigma and identifying pathways whereby structural stigma affects MI/SUD-related outcomes.