Strengthening potential of recent peat dating.

This study concerned high-resolution age reconstructions of modern organic deposits collected from peatlands distributed in Central Europe. The main focus was on Pb radioisotope as a fundamental geochronometer along with C and Pu radioisotopes used for dating verification. In addition to simple classical models such as CF/CS or CF, the new approach formulated upon the Plum method was implemented.

Prospective heat stress risk assessment for professional soccer players in the context of the 2026 FIFA World Cup.

This study investigates the risk of severe heat stress and associated potential water losses in professional soccer players, considering as well the oxygen content of the inhaled air in the context of the 2026 FIFA World Cup. For the 16 stadiums, hourly values of biometeorological indices (adjusted Universal Thermal Climate Index - UTCI, Water loss - SW and Oxygen volume - Ov) were calculated. UTCI adjustments included modifications to activity levels, movement speeds and clothing configurations to better reflect the level of thermal stress on soccer player during a match.

The influence of local and distant sources of precipitation pollutant emissions in the Western Carpathians in the context of climatic and socio-economic changes.

This study analyses the influence of atmospheric circulation type (ACT) on the basic physical parameters of precipitation, i.e. pH and specific electrolytic conductivity (SEC), during a period of pronounced climate change and socio-economic transformation in the Western Carpathians, focusing on the central portion of the Western Beskids.

Signals, tracks, and trams: public transport signal priority impact on job accessibility over time.

Improving travel time by public transport is a major task for city planners and policy makers to increase its competitiveness relative to cars which can be facilitated by implementing public transport preferential infrastructure treatments such as signal priority. We study the impact of one such preferential treatment, signal priority, on accessibility to jobs between 2015 and 2022 in Warsaw, Poland, which implemented signal priority on 187 intersections during this time period. We develop a method to extract inter-stop travel times from the General Transit Feed Service.

Impact of extreme coastal events on a brackish lake on the Burin Peninsula, Newfoundland, Canada.

The impacts of extreme coastal events (ECEs), such as marine inundations or extreme wind events, on lake ecosystems vary widely from minimal to catastrophic. Accurately predicting the response of a specific system remains challenging due to a limited understanding of the attributes that drive the resilience of lakes. In an attempt to better understand the possible impacts of ECEs on shallow brackish lakes, we employed a paleolimnological approach to reconstruct the responses of Broad Pond to four ECEs identifiable from clear sedimentary markers and dated to ca.

Hydrological variability of middle European peatland during the Holocene, inferred from subfossil bog pine and bog oak dendrochronology and high-resolution peat multiproxy analysis of the Budwity peatland (northern Poland).

Subfossil pine and oak tree trunks were excavated during exploitation of the Budwity peatland in Northern Poland. Based on dendrochronological analysis, the woodland successions in peatland were reconstructed and correlated with moisture dynamics of the peatland ecosystem inferred from the high-resolution multi-proxy analysis of the peatland deposits. From the results of dendrochronological analysis and the C wiggle matching methods, four floating pine chronologies (5882-5595; 5250-5089; 3702-3546; and 2222-1979 mod.

The impact of wind speed measurement method on MRT and PET values in limited air flow conditions on warm, sunny days.

Wind speed is an important variable in the assessment of thermal comfort. Different types of meteorological devices provide different accuracy of air velocity (va) measurements, which under limited air flow conditions, may result in a discrepancy in actual thermal stress level. Simultaneous measurements on warm summer days, performed with a cup anemometer and hot-wire probe, prove that too high starting threshold of the first of these sensors can lead to a discrepancy of actual wind speed, and as a consequence can distort MRT (estimated with globe thermometers) and PET values on average up to 10 °C and 1 °C, respectively.

Simulations of the human heat balance during Mount Everest summit attempts in spring and winter.

The majority of research dealing with the impacts of the Himalayan climate on human physiology focuses on low air temperature, high wind speed, and low air pressure and oxygen content, potentially leading to hypothermia and hypoxia. Only a few studies describe the influence of the weather conditions in the Himalayas on the body's ability to maintain thermal balance. The aim of the present research is to trace the heat exchange between humans and their surroundings during a typical, 6-day summit attempt of Mount Everest in the spring and winter seasons.

Matching the puzzle piece to a new jigsaw: The effect of surrounding environments on plants and invertebrates in the translocated wet meadow.

Habitat translocation is a method of habitat salvation conducted in cases of its inevitable destruction during construction projects. To evaluate the large-scale turf translocation of wet meadows to derelict land, with consideration of the possible impact of the surrounding area on the translocated habitat, salvaged Molinion meadows were compared to reference meadows near the donor site and to varied plots in the receptor area. The study included the soil, vegetation and selected groups of invertebrates at different motility and food levels.

Ericoid shrub encroachment shifts aboveground-belowground linkages in three peatlands across Europe and Western Siberia.

In northern peatlands, reduction of Sphagnum dominance in favour of vascular vegetation is likely to influence biogeochemical processes. Such vegetation changes occur as the water table lowers and temperatures rise. To test which of these factors has a significant influence on peatland vegetation, we conducted a 3-year manipulative field experiment in Linje mire (northern Poland).

Relative impact of environmental variables on the lake trophic state highlights the complexity of eutrophication controls.

For the effective management of lakes apart from defining and monitoring their current state it is crucial to identify environmental variables that are mostly responsible for the nutrient input. We used interpretative machine learning to investigate the environmental parameters that influence the lake's trophic state and recognize their patterns. We analysed the influence of the 25 environmental variables on the commonly used trophic state indicators values: total phosphorus (TP), Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) and Secchi depth (SD) of 60 lakes located in the Central European Lowlands.

Neodymium isotopes in peat reveal past local environmental disturbances.

Over the past decade, the neodymium (Nd) isotope composition of mineral matter from peat cores has seen increasingly common use as a tracer of dust influx associated with major changes in the Holocene atmospheric circulation. However, the incomplete understanding of the local controls on the sources of the sediment supplied to peatlands remains a key difficulty in the interpretation of the archived Nd isotope signals. Here, we used neodymium isotopes to reconstruct environmental disturbances in peatlands.

Lactate Threshold and Psychomotor Fatigue Threshold in Hot Conditions: Suggestions for Soccer Players Participating in the Qatar World Cup 2022.

The study aimed at finding relationships between lactate threshold and psychomotor fatigue threshold during incremental exercise in thermo-neutral climate conditions and conditions for the 2022 FIFA World Cup in Qatar simulated in an environmental test chamber. The study included 24 soccer players aged 21.02 ± 3.

Recent climate change has driven divergent hydrological shifts in high-latitude peatlands.

High-latitude peatlands are changing rapidly in response to climate change, including permafrost thaw. Here, we reconstruct hydrological conditions since the seventeenth century using testate amoeba data from 103 high-latitude peat archives. We show that 54% of the peatlands have been drying and 32% have been wetting over this period, illustrating the complex ecohydrological dynamics of high latitude peatlands and their highly uncertain responses to a warming climate.

The effect of border closure on road potential accessibility in the regions of the EU-27. The case of the COVID-19 pandemic.

The purpose of the paper is to show how the national border closures within the EU-27 have an impact on changes in potential accessibility in individual transport at the NUTS3 level. We are referring to the situation that occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak in Europe in March 2020. The study distinguishes between long and short trips, comparing the situation before the pandemic with that after the complete closure of national borders by all EU countries, thus showing which areas of the EU will suffer from accessibility losses for both long and short trips.

Assessing Urban Policies in a COVID-19 World.

The aim of this study was to identify how the literature analyzes (identifies, evaluates, forecasts, etc.) the relationship between health issues and urban policy in relation to the COVID-19 pandemic. Four main levels were identified in these cases: (1) direct demands for changes in health care, (2) social issues, (3) spatial organization and (4) redefining the tasks of public authority in the face of identified challenges.

Palaeoecological data indicates land-use changes across Europe linked to spatial heterogeneity in mortality during the Black Death pandemic.

The Black Death (1347-1352 CE) is the most renowned pandemic in human history, believed by many to have killed half of Europe's population. However, despite advances in ancient DNA research that conclusively identified the pandemic's causative agent (bacterium Yersinia pestis), our knowledge of the Black Death remains limited, based primarily on qualitative remarks in medieval written sources available for some areas of Western Europe. Here, we remedy this situation by applying a pioneering new approach, 'big data palaeoecology', which, starting from palynological data, evaluates the scale of the Black Death's mortality on a regional scale across Europe.

Heat Balance When Climbing Mount Everest.

Mountaineers must control and regulate their thermal comfort and heat balance to survive the rigors of high altitude environment. High altitudes feature low air pressure and temperatures, strong winds and intense solar radiation, key factors affecting an expedition's success. All these climatic elements stress human heat balance and survival.

30 years of the transformation of non-urban public transport in Poland's peripheral areas - what went wrong?

Transport-based social exclusion is currently a serious social problem in Poland, and one which is apparently most severe at the level of the county (Polish ) in the south-east of the country, including the Beskid Niski and Bieszczady Mountains. A deeper illustration of this problem requires both observation of changes in the suburban public-transport network and the identification of areas in which this has deteriorated significantly in quantity and quality. The chosen starting point for the research was therefore 1990, as a year in which - on the one hand - the Polish economy was already shifted to the new free-market principles; while - on the other - state PKS (Przedsiębiorstwo Komunikacji Samochodowej) non-urban bus transport enterprises still dominated public transport.

Measured and predicted freeze-thaw days frequencies in climate change conditions in central Poland.

The rate of progression of geomorphological phenomena is greatly influenced by freeze-thaw processes. In the face of air temperature increasing over the past few decades, a question of the future impact of these processes arises, notably in the temperate and cold climate zones. Using the mean, maximum and minimum daily air temperature data in the period 1951-2018 obtained from three weather stations located in the vicinity of Jeziorsko reservoir (central Poland), we have determined the mathematical correlation, described with a polynomial function, between the mean monthly air temperature and the monthly number of freeze-thaw days (FTD).

Heat strain and mortality effects of prolonged central European heat wave-an example of June 2019 in Poland.

The occurrence of long-lasting severe heat stress, such as in July-August 2003, July 2010, or in April-May 2018 has been one of the biggest meteorological threats in Europe in recent years. The paper focuses on the biometeorological and mortality effects of the hot June that was observed in Central Europe in 2019. The basis of the study was hourly and daily Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) values at meteorological stations in Poland for June 2019.

The role of Medieval road operation on cultural landscape transformation.

Connecting pathways are essential for cultural and economic exchange. Commonly, historians investigate the role of routes for cultural development, whereas the environmental impacts of historical routes attract less attention. Here, we present a high-resolution reconstruction of the impact of the major trade route via Marchionis in the southern Baltic lowlands on landscape evolution since more than 800 years.