Modeling tuberculosis transmission flow in China, 2010-2012.

Background: China has the third largest number of TB cases in the world, and the average annual floating population in China is more than 200 million, the increasing floating population across regions has a tremendous potential for spreading infectious diseases, however, the role of increasing massive floating population in tuberculosis transmission is yet unclear in China.

Methods: 29,667 tuberculosis flow data were derived from the new smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis cases in China. Spatial variation of TB transmission was measured by geodetector q-statistic and spatial interaction model was used to model the tuberculosis flow and the regional socioeconomic factors.

Improving Rice Grain Quality Through Ecotype Breeding for Enhancing Food and Nutritional Security in Asia-Pacific Region.

Rice grain is widely consumed as a staple food, providing essential nutrition for households, particularly marginalized families. It plays a crucial role in ensuring food security, promoting human nutrition, supporting good health, and contributing to global food and nutritional security. Addressing the diverse quality demands of emerging diverse and climate-risked population dietary needs requires the development of a single variety of rice grain that can meet the various dietary and nutritional requirements.

Main drivers of regional value chains in CAFTA: Does trade facilitation matter?

In the last decades, economic globalisation and the progress of ICT have promoted the international division of labour and optimisation of the global value chain. Moreover, improvements in incentives such as lower tariffs and more efficient border crossings have boosted international trade. Under this background, regional and sub-regional economic cooperation organizations, such as free trade area (FTA), have been developing rapidly and attracting many academic attentions.

Residential greenspace and blood lipids in an essential hypertension population: Mediation through PM and chemical constituents.

Fine particulate matter (PM) adversely affects blood lipids, while residential greenspace exposure may improve blood lipids levels. However, the association between exposure to residential greenspace and blood lipids has not been adequately studied, especially in vulnerable populations (e.g.

Spatiotemporal associations between hand, foot and mouth disease and meteorological factors over multiple climate zones.

Prior studies of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) have often observed inconsistent results regarding meteorological factors. We propose the hypothesis that these meteorological associations vary in regions because of the heterogeneity of their geographical characteristics. We have tested this hypothesis by applying a geographical detector and Bayesian space-time hierarchy model to measure stratified spatiotemporal heterogeneity and local associations between meteorological factors and HFMD risk in five climate zones in China from January 2016 to December 2017.

Future injury mortality burden attributable to compound hot extremes will significantly increase in China.

Background: As climate change, compound hot extremes (CHEs), daytime and nighttime persistent hot extremes, are projected to become much more frequent and intense, which may pose a serious threat to human health. However, evidence on the impact of CHEs on injury is rare.

Methods: We collected injury death data and daily meteorological data from six Chinese provinces during 2013-2018.

Spatiotemporal trends in life expectancy and impacts of economic growth and air pollution in 134 countries: A Bayesian modeling study.

Life expectancy (LE) varies across countries in space and time, and economic growth and air pollution are two important influence factors to LE. This study mainly aims to investigate spatiotemporal trends in LE in 134 countries from 1960 to 2016 by using Bayesian spatiotemporal modeling. Further, the relations between per capita gross domestic product (GDP) and population-weighted fine particulate matter (pwPM) and LE are investigated from a global perspective from 1998 to 2016 by using the Bayesian regression model.

Spatio-temporal variation in tuberculosis incidence and risk factors for the disease in a region of unbalanced socio-economic development.

Background: Previous research pointed to a close relationship between the incidence of tuberculosis (TB) in aging populations and socio-economic conditions, however there has been lack of studies focused on a region of unbalanced socio-economic development. The aim of this paper is to explore the spatio-temporal variation in TB incidence and examine risk determinants of the disease among aging populations in a typical region.

Methods: Data on TB-registered cases between 2009 and 2014, in addition to social-economic factors, were collected for each district/county in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei, a region characterized by an aging population and disparities in social-economic development.

Spatial heterogeneity of bacillary dysentery and the impact of temperature in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region of China.

Previous studies indicate that the incidence of bacillary dysentery is closely related to meteorological factors. However, the impact of temperature and the spatial heterogeneity of the disease in regions of unbalanced socioeconomic development remains unclear. Therefore, this research collected data for 29,639 daily bacillary dysentery cases in children under 5 years of age, as well as the meteorological variables from China's Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, to analyze the spatial pattern of bacillary dysentery and reveal its nonlinear association with temperature.

Spatiotemporal heterogeneity and its determinants of COVID-19 transmission in typical labor export provinces of China.

Background: Previous studies have indicated that the risk of infectious disease spread is greatest in locations where a population has massive and convenient access to the epicenter of an outbreak. However, the spatiotemporal variations and risk determinants of COVID-19 in typical labor export regions of China remain unclear. Understanding the geographical distribution of the disease and the socio-economic factors affecting its transmission is critical for disease prevention and control.

Spatial variations and macroeconomic determinants of life expectancy and mortality rate in China: a county-level study based on spatial analysis models.

Objectives: The life expectancy and mortality rate always exhibit remarkable spatial variations. Their spatial distribution patterns and economic determinants in China were explored.

Methods: Four indexes including lifespan expectancy at birth (LEB), infant mortality rate (IMR), under-5 mortality rate (U5MR) and crude mortality rate (CMR) at county level in China were calculated.

China's cement demand and CO emissions toward 2030: from the perspective of socioeconomic, technology and population.

China is the largest cement producer and carbon dioxide (CO) emitter in the world. The country has attracted too much attention in calculating and comparing its CO emissions. However, as the second largest CO emitter after the fire power industry, China's long-term cement demand and cement-related CO emission projections were not fully studied.

Identifying important ecological areas for potential rainwater harvesting in the semi-arid area of Chifeng, China.

Global water shortage is becoming increasingly severe, so the identification and protection of potential areas for harvesting water play important roles in alleviating drought. Suitable sites for potential water harvesting require a high runoff potential. Avoiding soil erosion caused by high surface runoff, however, is also necessary.

Quantifying the influence of natural and socioeconomic factors and their interactive impact on PM pollution in China.

PM pollution is an environmental issue caused by multiple natural and socioeconomic factors, presenting with significant spatial disparities across mainland China. However, the determinant power of natural and socioeconomic factors and their interactive impact on PM pollution is still unclear. In the study, the GeogDetector method was used to quantify nonlinear associations between PM and potential factors.

Characteristics of public concern on haze in China and its relationship with air quality in urban areas.

Severe air pollution associated with the rapid urbanization is a pressing issue in China. Moreover, the public awareness of environmental protection in China is awakening, which poses enormous pressure on governments to enforce environmental regulations. The study of environmental problems from the public perspective plays a crucial role in effective environmental governance.

Maternal exposure to ambient PM during pregnancy increases the risk of congenital heart defects: Evidence from machine learning models.

Previous research suggested an association between maternal exposure to ambient air pollutants and risk of congenital heart defects (CHDs), though the effects of particulate matter ≤10μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM) on CHDs are inconsistent. We used two machine learning models (i.e.

The potential benefits of location-specific biometeorological indexes.

It is becoming popular to use biometeorological indexes to study the effects of weather on human health. Most of the biometeorological indexes were developed decades ago and only applicable to certain locations because of different climate types. Merely using standard biometeorological indexes to replace typical weather factors in biometeorological studies of different locations may not be an ideal research direction.

Spatiotemporal epidemic characteristics and risk factor analysis of malaria in Yunnan Province, China.

Background: Malaria remains an important public health concern in China and is particularly serious in Yunnan, a China's provincial region of high malaria burden with an incidence of 1.79/10 in 2012. This study aims to examine the epidemiologic profile and spatiotemporal aspects of epidemics of malaria, and to examine risk factors which may influence malaria epidemics in Yunnan Province.

Towards Identifying and Reducing the Bias of Disease Information Extracted from Search Engine Data.

The estimation of disease prevalence in online search engine data (e.g., Google Flu Trends (GFT)) has received a considerable amount of scholarly and public attention in recent years.

Niche modeling predictions of the potential distribution of Marmota himalayana, the host animal of plague in Yushu County of Qinghai.

Background: After the earthquake on 14, April 2010 at Yushu in China, a plague epidemic hosted by Himalayan marmot (Marmota himalayana) became a major public health concern during the reconstruction period. A rapid assessment of the distribution of Himalayan marmot in the area was urgent. The aims of this study were to analyze the relationship between environmental factors and the distribution of burrow systems of the marmot and to predict the distribution of marmots.

Predicting malaria vector distribution under climate change scenarios in China: Challenges for malaria elimination.

Projecting the distribution of malaria vectors under climate change is essential for planning integrated vector control activities for sustaining elimination and preventing reintroduction of malaria. In China, however, little knowledge exists on the possible effects of climate change on malaria vectors. Here we assess the potential impact of climate change on four dominant malaria vectors (An.

Accessibility of Catering Service Venues and Adolescent Drinking in Beijing, China.

This study assessed the association between accessibility of catering service venues and adolescents' alcohol use over the previous 30 days. The data were collected from cross-sectional surveys conducted in 2014, 2223 students at 27 high schools in Chaoyang and Xicheng districts, Beijing using self-administered questionnaires to collect the adolescents information on socio-demographic characteristics and recent alcohol experiences. The accessibility of, and proximity to, catering service venues were summarized by weights, which were calculated by multiplication of the type-weight and the distance-weight.