Update on andrological effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19: An overview review.

Background: Evidence indicates a wide range of andrological alterations in patients with the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoronaVirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Aim: To provide an update on the andrological effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19.

Methods: PubMed/MEDLINE and Institutional websites were searched for randomized clinical trials, non-systematic reviews, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses.

Fexuprazan safeguards the esophagus from hydrochloric acid-induced damage by suppressing NLRP1/Caspase-1/GSDMD pyroptotic pathway.

Introduction: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and potassium-competitive acid blockers (P-CABs) are widely used to manage gastric acid-related disorders by inhibiting hydrochloric acid (HCl) secretion from parietal cells in the stomach. Although PPIs are known to have anti-inflammatory properties beyond their role in inhibiting gastric acid secretion, research on P-CABs is lacking. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether all available P-CABs exhibit anti-inflammatory effects in gastroesophageal reflux-induced esophagitis and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.

Relevance of diet in schizophrenia: a review focusing on prenatal nutritional deficiency, obesity, oxidative stress and inflammation.

Background/objectives: Schizophrenia is a complex mental disorder influenced by genetic and environmental factors, including dietary habits. Oxidative stress and inflammation play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Emerging research suggests that diet may affect schizophrenia through different biological mechanisms beyond oxidative stress and inflammation.

Application of artificial intelligence in gastrointestinal endoscopy in Vietnam: a narrative review.

The utilization of artificial intelligence (AI) in gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy has witnessed significant progress and promising results in recent years worldwide. From 2019 to 2023, the European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy has released multiple guidelines/consensus with recommendations on integrating AI for detecting and classifying lesions in practical endoscopy. In Vietnam, since 2019, several preliminary studies have been conducted to develop AI algorithms for GI endoscopy, focusing on lesion detection.

Live Akkermansia muciniphila boosts dendritic cell retinoic acid synthesis to modulate IL-22 activity and mitigate colitis in mice.

Background: The interplay between gut microbiota and immune responses is crucial in ulcerative colitis (UC). Though Akkermansia muciniphila (Akk) shows therapeutic potential, the mechanisms remain unclear. This study sought to investigate differences in therapeutic efficacy among different forms or strains of Akk and elucidate the underlying mechanisms.

Effectiveness of 8-week Treatment with Glecaprevir/Pibrentasvir in Treatment-naïve or -experienced HCV Patients: Results from an Observational Retrospective Study in Real-life Settings (ODYSSEY).

Background And Aims: Pan-genotypic ribavirin-free oral direct-acting antivirals, including the glecaprevir/pibrentasvir combination, are recommended for the treatment of most patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. In Romania, the HCV-infected patient population receiving glecaprevir/pibrentasvir is not well characterized and data on treatment effectiveness is lacking. The ODYSSEY study aimed to provide insights into the characteristics and treatment outcomes of HCV-infected Romanian patients receiving 8-week therapy with glecaprevir/pibrentasvir.

WNT4 promotes the symmetric fission of crypt in radiation-induced intestinal epithelial regeneration.

Background: Radiotherapy for pelvic malignant tumors inevitably causes intestinal tissue damage. The regeneration of intestinal epithelium after radiation injury relies mainly on crypt fission. However, little is known about the regulatory mechanisms of crypt fission events.

Suppressing, stimulating and/or inhibiting: the evolving management of HCC patient after liver transplantation.

Liver transplantation (LT) is a curative strategy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but the risk of HCC recurrence remains a challenging problem. In patients with HCC recurrence after LT (HCC-R_LT), the locoregional and surgical approaches are complex, and the guidelines do not report evidence-based strategies for the management of immunosuppression. In recent years, immunotherapy has become an effective option for patients with advanced HCC in pre-transplant settings.

Position statement of the World Endoscopy Organization: Role of endoscopy in screening, diagnosis, and treatment of esophageal superficial squamous neoplasia.

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains a significant global health challenge, being the sixth leading cause of cancer mortality with pronounced geographic variability. The incidence rates range from 125 per 100,000 in northern China to 1-1.5 per 100,000 in the United States, driven by environmental and lifestyle factors such as tobacco and alcohol use, dietary habits, and pollution.

Esophagectomy in patients with liver cirrhosis: systematic review and meta-analysis of short-term outcomes.

Patients with esophageal cancer and concomitant liver cirrhosis (LC) pose a surgical challenge because of the increased risk of postoperative complications and mortality. Purpose of this study was to review the existing literature and estimate perioperative short-term outcomes of esophagectomy in this patient population. Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Long-term outcome of pediatric acute severe colitis: A prospective 5-year follow-up of the PRASCO trial.

Objectives: The PRASCO trial reported the short-term superiority of an antibiotic cocktail plus intravenous corticosteroids (IVCS) over IVCS alone in children with acute severe colitis (ASC). Here, we report the extension of the PRASCO trial and the long-term outcomes of the antibiotic cocktail in ASC.

Methods: This prospective follow-up of the PRASCO trial documented disease outcomes and treatments annually through 5 years.

Impaired Wnt/Planar Cell Polarity Signaling in Yellow Nail Syndrome.

Background: Yellow nail syndrome (YNS) is a rare disorder characterized by a triad of yellow dystrophic nails, lymphedema, and chronic lung disease. Most patients present in adulthood, with only a few congenital or familial cases described. The cause of YNS remains largely unknown, although defects in lymphatic vessel development are suggested to play a significant role.

Effect of -related chronic gastritis on gastrointestinal microorganisms and brain neurotransmitters in mice.

The effects of (Hp)-related chronic gastritis on gastrointestinal microorganisms or brain neurotransmitters are not fully understood. Here, this study selected SPF C57BL/6 mice to set up a Hp-related chronic gastritis experiment group and a blank control group, and used omics to explore the specific effects of Hp-related chronic gastritis on gastrointestinal microorganisms and brain neurotransmitters in mice. The Tyramine (TyrA) content in the female experiment group's brain was considerably reduced compared to the female control group ( < 0.

Comments on EFSUMB recommendations, role of ultrasound in cutaneous neoplasms.

The European Federation of Societies for Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology (EFSUMB) has been publishing guidelines, position papers and also technical reviews. In addition, comments have been published for illustration of such papers including the hepatobiliary system, pancreas, lung and other organs. In the current paper, we aim to summarize the typical sonographic findings of the most commonly seen cutaneous neoplasms.

The role of inflammasomes in hepatocellular carcinoma: Mechanisms and therapeutic insights.

Hepatocellular carcinoma is among the most frequent forms of primary liver cancer and develops within a context of chronic inflammation, frequently associated with a multitude of risk factors, including viral infections, metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis and liver fibrosis. The tumor microenvironment is crucial for the progression of HCC, as immune cells, tumor-associated fibroblasts and hepatic stellate cells interact to promote chronic inflammation and tumor spread. Inflammasomes, the multiprotein complexes that launch the innate immune response, emerge as important mediators in the pathogenesis of HCC.

Painful Os Peroneum Syndrome Secondary to Hydroxyapatite Deposition Disease.

Painful os peroneum syndrome (POPS) is one of the uncommon causes of lateral foot pain in orthopaedic practice. POPS encompasses a spectrum of pathologies such as an acute or a chronic fracture, peroneus longus tenosynovitis, and attrition or partial rupture of the peroneus longus tendon. Herein, we reported the first case of POPS secondary to hydroxyapatite deposition disease in a 32-year-old female patient.

Diagnostic accuracy of 2D-SWE ultrasound for liver fibrosis assessment in MASLD: A multi-level random effects model meta-analysis.

Background Aims: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) imposes significant healthcare burdens. Early detection of advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis in MASLD is essential due to their unfavourable outcomes. This multi-level random-effects meta-analysis aimed to provide the best evidence for the diagnostic accuracy of two-dimensional shear wave elastography (2D-SWE) in detecting liver fibrosis in biopsy-proven MASLD.

Systematic identification of secondary bile acid production genes in global microbiome.

Unlabelled: Microbial metabolism of bile acids (BAs) is crucial for maintaining homeostasis in vertebrate hosts and environments. Although certain organisms involved in bile acid metabolism have been identified, a global, comprehensive elucidation of the microbes, metabolic enzymes, and bile acid remains incomplete. To bridge this gap, we employed hidden Markov models to systematically search in a large-scale and high-quality search library comprising 28,813 RefSeq multi-kingdom microbial complete genomes, enabling us to construct a secondary bile acid production gene catalog.

Treatment Sequencing and Independent Outcomes of First- and Second-Line Chemotherapy in a Retrospective Series of Patients with Biliary Tract Cancer.

Biliary tract cancers (BTCs) are aggressive neoplasms with limited therapeutic options. The amount of prospective evidence is poor, and limited data are available on the impact of treatment sequencing on survival. Here we report a real-world experience of patients with advanced BTC treated with at least three lines of therapy.