Anti-Obesity Effects of Isorhamnetin and Isorhamnetin Conjugates.

Isorhamnetin is a plant-derived secondary metabolite which belongs to the family of flavonoids. This review summarises the main outcomes described in the literature to date, regarding the effects of isorhamnetin on obesity from in vitro and in vivo studies. The studies carried out in pre-adipocytes show that isorhamnetin is able to reduce adipogenesis at 10 μM or higher doses and that these effects are mediated by Pparγ and by Wnt signalling pathway.

Phenolic diterpenes from Rosemary supercritical extract inhibit non-small cell lung cancer lipid metabolism and synergise with therapeutic drugs in the clinic.

Unlabelled: Lung cancer is one of the most deadly and common cancers in the world. The molecular features of patient's tumours dictate the different therapeutic decisions, which combines targeted therapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy. Altered cellular metabolism is one of the hallmarks of cancer.

A new urea adducts method for PUFA concentration using green food grade solvents and avoiding ethyl carbamate formation.

This study aimed to selectively enrich stearidonic acid (SDA) together with γ-linolenic acid (GLA) in Echium plantagineum oil by urea complexation. The complexation process at room temperature was carried out replacing common organic solvents, such as hexane and ethanol, by alternative compounds, included in Green Solvent and Food Grade categories, adapting this process towards the principles of Green Chemistry. This substitution was also intended to avoid the generation of the toxic compound ethyl carbamate.

One-step sustainable extraction of Silymarin compounds of wild Algerian milk thistle (Silybum marianum) seeds using Gas Expanded Liquids.

This work reports the application of Gas Expanded Liquid (GXL) extraction to concentrate the flavonolignan fraction (silymarin) and taxifolin from Silybum marianum seeds, which have proven to be highly valuable health-promoting compounds. GXL using green solvents was used to isolate silymarin with the objective of replacing conventional methods. In one hand, the effect of different compositions of solvents, aqueous ethanol (20%, 50% or 80% (v/v)) at different CO/liquid (25, 50 and 75%) ratios, on the GXL extraction was investigated.

Effect of Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Carotenoids from Papaya ( L. cv. Sweet Mary) Using Vegetable Oils.

By-products from fruits and are of great interest for their potential use in the food industry due to their high content of bioactive compounds. Herein, we examined the ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) of carotenoid and carotenoid esters from papaya pulp and peel using soybean oil and sunflower oil as alternative green solvents. Response surface methodology (RSM) was established to optimize the UAE process.

Optimization of Pressurized Liquid Extraction and In Vitro Neuroprotective Evaluation of Untargeted Metabolomics Analysis by UHPLC-MS/MS.

is a spontaneous plant endemic of the North African region. An efficient selective pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) method was optimized to concentrate neuroprotective extracts from fruits. Green solvents were tested, namely ethanol and water, within a range of temperatures between 40 to 180 °C.

Ultrasound-Assisted "Green" Extraction (UAE) of Antioxidant Compounds (Betalains and Phenolics) from var. 's Fruits: Optimization and Biological Activities.

var. 's prickly pears are an underutilized fruit with a high content of betalains and phenolic compounds that could bring potential health benefits for humans. The aim of this study is the optimization of the "green" extraction of betalains and phenolic compounds from var.

Effect of High Hydrostatic Pressure on the Extractability and Bioaccessibility of Carotenoids and Their Esters from Papaya ( L.) and Its Impact on Tissue Microstructure.

High hydrostatic pressure (HHP) is a non-thermal technology widely used in the industry to extend food shelf-life and it has been proven to enhance the extractability of secondary metabolites, such as carotenoids, in plant foods. In this study, fresh-cut papaya pulp of varieties (Sweet Mary, Alicia and Eksotika) from the Canary Islands (Spain) were submitted to the HHP process (pressure: 100, 350 and 600 MPa; time: come-up time (CUT) and 5 min) to evaluate, for the first time, individual carotenoid and carotenoid ester extractability and to assess their bioaccessibility using an in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion assay, following the standardized INFOGEST methodology. In addition, changes in papaya pulp microstructure after HHP treatments and during the different phases of the in vitro digestion were evaluated with optical light microscopy.

Characterization, Stability, and Bioaccessibility of Betalain and Phenolic Compounds from Fruits and Products of Their Industrialization.

The aim of the present study was the full characterization, quantification, and determination of the digestive stability and bioaccessibility of individual betalain and phenolic compounds of fresh fruits (peel, pulp, and whole fruit) and of the products of the industrialization to obtain jam (raw pressed juice (product used for jam formulation), by-product (bagasse), and frozen whole fruit (starting material for jam production)). fruits and products profile showed 60 betalain and phenolic compounds that were identified and quantified by HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS and HPLC-DAD-MS/QTOF, being 25 phenolic acids (including isomers and derivatives), 12 flavonoids (including glycosides), 3 ellagic acids (including glycosides and derivative), and 20 betanins (including degradation compounds). In vitro gastrointestinal digestion was performed by INFOGEST protocol.

Application of sunflower pectin gels with low glycemic index in the coating of fresh strawberries stored in modified atmospheres.

Background: This study reports the use of low glycemic sunflower pectin gel, elaborated with calcium and without or with sweeteners (sucrose, stevia and saccharin) as an edible coating and its possible combination with two modified atmosphere packaging (MAP), in order to extend shelf life, maintaining the quality, of strawberries during the storage at 4 °C.

Results: This pectin coating, formed with only calcium and/or stevia or saccharin, extended the shelf life of strawberries with respect to uncoating fruits, up to 12 days, keeping the microbial load constant, the firmness and less weight loss. With the same edible coatings, the shelf life of strawberries was extended up to 23 days when they were combined with MAP [10% carbon dioxide (CO ), 85% nitrogen (N ) and 5% oxygen (O )], maintaining the quality of strawberries, while the other MAP, with a higher CO concentration (20% CO , 75% N and 5% O ), had no effect.

Carotenoid and Carotenoid Ester Profile and Their Deposition in Plastids in Fruits of New Papaya ( L.) Varieties from the Canary Islands.

The carotenoid profile of non-saponified and saponified extracts of different tissues (pulp and peel) of fruits of three new papaya varieties, Sweet Mary, Alicia, and Eksotika, was characterized for the first time, and almost all carotenoid compounds were quantified. Carotenoids and carotenoid esters were analyzed and characterized using HPLC-photo diode array (PDA-MS with atmospheric pressure chemical ionization with positive ion mode (APCI) with a C reversed-phase column. The carotenoid deposition in collenchyma and chlorenchyma cells of papaya pulp and peel tissues was assessed by optical microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy.

Carotenoids: Considerations for Their Use in Functional Foods, Nutraceuticals, Nutricosmetics, Supplements, Botanicals, and Novel Foods in the Context of Sustainability, Circular Economy, and Climate Change.

Carotenoids are versatile isoprenoids that are important in food quality and health promotion. There is a need to establish recommended dietary intakes/nutritional reference values for carotenoids. Research on carotenoids in agro-food and health is being propelled by the two multidisciplinary international networks, the Ibero-American Network for the Study of Carotenoids as Functional Foods Ingredients (IBERCAROT; ) and the European Network to Advance Carotenoid Research and Applications in Agro-Food and Health (EUROCAROTEN; ).

A comprehensive review on carotenoids in foods and feeds: , applications, patents, and research needs.

Carotenoids are isoprenoids widely distributed in foods that have been always part of the diet of humans. Unlike the other so-called food bioactives, some carotenoids can be converted into retinoids exhibiting vitamin A activity, which is essential for humans. Furthermore, they are much more versatile as they are relevant in foods not only as sources of vitamin A, but also as natural pigments, antioxidants, and health-promoting compounds.

Digestive Stability and Bioaccessibility of Antioxidants in Prickly Pear Fruits from the Canary Islands: Healthy Foods and Ingredients.

Although prickly pear fruits have become an important part of the Canary diet, their native varieties are yet to be characterized in terms of betalains and phenolic compounds. To exert potential health benefits, these antioxidants must be released from the food matrix and be stable in the gastrointestinal tract. Our aim was to characterize the betalain and phenolic profile of four prickly pear varieties from the Canary Islands (Spain) and determine their digestive stability and bioaccessibility via in vitro gastrointestinal digestion.

In Vitro Colonic Fermentation of Saponin-Rich Extracts from Quinoa, Lentil, and Fenugreek. Effect on Sapogenins Yield and Human Gut Microbiota.

In vitro colonic fermentation of saponin-rich extracts from quinoa, lentil, and fenugreek was performed. Production of sapogenins by human fecal microbiota and the impact of extracts on representative intestinal bacterial groups were evaluated. The main sapogenins were found after fermentation (soyasapogenol B for lentil; oleanolic acid, hederagenin, phytolaccagenic acid, and serjanic acid for quinoa; and sarsasapogenin, diosgenin, and neotigogenin acetate for fenugreek).

Impact of high hydrostatic pressure and thermal treatment on the stability and bioaccessibility of carotenoid and carotenoid esters in astringent persimmon (Diospyros kaki Thunb, var. Rojo Brillante).

The carotenoid and carotenoid ester profile in astringent persimmon (Diospyros kaki Thunb., var. Rojo Brillante) was composed by 13 free xanthophylls, 8 hydrocarbon carotenes and 17 carotenoid esters.

In Vitro Fecal Fermentation of High Pressure-Treated Fruit Peels Used as Dietary Fiber Sources.

Fruit by-products are being investigated as non-conventional alternative sources of dietary fiber (DF). High hydrostatic pressure (HHP) treatments have been used to modify DF content as well as its technological and physiological functionality. Orange, mango and prickly pear peels untreated (OU, MU and PPU) and HHP-treated at 600 MPa (OP/55 °C and 20 min, MP/22 °C and 10 min, PPP/55 °C and 10 min) were evaluated.

Pressurized liquid extraction of Neochloris oleoabundans for the recovery of bioactive carotenoids with anti-proliferative activity against human colon cancer cells.

In recent years, the green microalgae Neochloris oleoabundans have demonstrated to be an interesting natural source of carotenoids that could be used as potential food additive. In this work, different N. oleoabundans extracts obtained by pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) have been analyzed in depth to evaluate the influence of different culture conditions (effect of nitrogen, light intensity or carbon supplied) not only on the total carotenoid content but also on the carotenoid composition produced by these microalgae.

Characterization of carotenoid profile of Spanish Sanguinos and Verdal prickly pear (Opuntia ficus-indica, spp.) tissues.

Carotenoid profiles of different tissues (peel, pulp and whole fruit) of Spanish Sanguinos (red) and Verdal (orange) prickly pears (Opuntia ficus-indica spp.) have been characterized in detail and quantified for the first time. Carotenoids were determined by HPLC-PDA-MS (APCI), using a reverse phase C column.

Evaluation of the intestinal permeability of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) extract polyphenols and terpenoids in Caco-2 cell monolayers.

Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) is grown throughout the world and is widely used as a medicinal herb and to season and preserve food. Rosemary polyphenols and terpenoids have attracted great interest due to their potential health benefits. However, complete information regarding their absorption and bioavailability in Caco-2 cell model is scarce.

Vaccinium meridionale Swartz Supercritical CO₂ Extraction: Effect of Process Conditions and Scaling Up.

Swartz (Mortiño or Colombian blueberry) is one of the species abundantly found across the Colombian mountains, which are characterized by high contents of polyphenolic compounds (anthocyanins and flavonoids). The supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) of species has mainly focused on the study of L. (blueberry).

IgE Epitope Mapping Using Peptide Microarray Immunoassay.

IgE epitope mapping of food allergens contributes to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of food allergy and may become an additional tool for food allergy diagnosis/prognosis. Microarray platforms which allow for simultaneous screening of a large number of peptides corresponding to the sequences of food allergens are ideally suited for large-scale IgE epitope mapping. Here we describe the method of performing a reliable and sensitive peptide microarray immunoassay, which was developed in our lab and results in the identification of candidate IgE epitope biomarkers useful in determining allergic disease severity and prognosis, as well as in the prediction of treatment outcomes.

Human IgE binding and in vitro digestion of S-OVA.

S-OVA, a more thermostable form of ovalbumin (OVA), was formed from native OVA or egg white in vitro, by heating at high pH, and by storage at low temperatures. S-OVA showed a much lower reactivity against IgE than OVA, although this difference in IgE binding was minimized after simulated gastro intestinal digestion, despite S-OVA was more resistant to proteolysis, particularly to pepsin, than its native form. It is, therefore, likely that the transformation of OVA to S-OVA does not affect its ability to sensitise or trigger allergic reactions at the duodenal level.