98 results match your criteria: "Institute of Experimental Medicine Eoetvoes Lorand Research Network[Affiliation]"

Plant Rho-type GTPases (ROPs) are versatile molecular switches involved in a number of signal transduction pathways. Although it is well known that they are indirectly linked to protein kinases, our knowledge about their direct functional interaction with upstream or downstream protein kinases is scarce. It is reasonable to suppose that similarly to their animal counterparts, ROPs might also be regulated by phosphorylation.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Liver plays a central role in elimination of circulating extracellular vesicles (EVs), and it also significantly contributes to EV release. However, the involvement of the different liver cell populations remains unknown. Here, we investigated EV uptake and release both in normolipemia and hyperlipidemia.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Helium inhalation induces cardioprotection against ischemia/reperfusion injury, the cellular mechanism of which remains not fully elucidated. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell-derived, nano-sized membrane vesicles which play a role in cardioprotective mechanisms, but their function in helium conditioning (HeC) has not been studied so far. We hypothesized that HeC induces fibroblast-mediated cardioprotection via EVs.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Sex-specific parenting and depression evoked by preoptic inhibitory neurons.

iScience

October 2021

MTA-ELTE Laboratory of Molecular and Systems Neurobiology, Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary.

The role of preoptic GABAergic inhibitory neurons was addressed in parenting, anxiety and depression. Pup exposure and forced swimming resulted in similar activation pattern in neurons expressing vesicular GABA transporter in the preoptic area with generally stronger labeling and different distributional pattern in females than in males. Chemogenetic stimulation of preoptic GABAergic cells resulted in elevated maternal motivation and caring behavior in females and mothers but aggression toward pups in males.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Research priorities to increase vaccination coverage in Europe (EU joint action on vaccination).

Vaccine

October 2021

Department of Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases - Henri Mondor Hospital, France; Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris Est Créteil, Paris, France.

Background: Deciding how best to invest in healthcare is never an easy task and prioritization is therefore an area of great interest for policymakers. Too low public vaccine confidence, which results in insufficient vaccine uptake, remains an area of concern for EU policy-makers. Within the European Joint action on vaccination, a work-package dedicated to research aims to define tools and methods for priority-setting in the field of vaccination research.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

New Strategies for the Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation.

Pharmaceuticals (Basel)

September 2021

Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most prevalent cardiac arrhythmia in the clinical practice. It significantly contributes to the morbidity and mortality of the elderly population. Over the past 25-30 years intense effort in basic research has advanced the understanding of the relationship between the pathophysiology of AF and atrial remodelling.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • The study investigated the formation of a protein corona around extracellular vesicles (EVs) in blood plasma from healthy individuals and rheumatoid arthritis patients, using various isolation and analysis techniques.
  • It was found that plasma protein-coated EVs exhibited higher density and carried several newly associated proteins, confirming interactions through advanced imaging and assay methods.
  • Notably, the research identified nine proteins common among EVs, viruses, and nanoparticles, and revealed that while these EVs influenced dendritic cell activity, EV-free protein aggregates did not have any effect, offering new insights into EV research.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

ADP-ribosylation is a modification that targets a variety of macromolecules and regulates a diverse array of important cellular processes. ADP-ribosylation is catalysed by ADP-ribosyltransferases and reversed by ADP-ribosylhydrolases. Recently, an ADP-ribosyltransferase toxin termed 'DarT' from bacteria, which is distantly related to human PARPs, was shown to modify thymidine in single-stranded DNA in a sequence specific manner.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

ADP-ribosylation, a modification of proteins, nucleic acids, and metabolites, confers broad functions, including roles in stress responses elicited, for example, by DNA damage and viral infection and is involved in intra- and extracellular signaling, chromatin and transcriptional regulation, protein biosynthesis, and cell death. ADP-ribosylation is catalyzed by ADP-ribosyltransferases (ARTs), which transfer ADP-ribose from NAD onto substrates. The modification, which occurs as mono- or poly-ADP-ribosylation, is reversible due to the action of different ADP-ribosylhydrolases.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

SpheroidPicker for automated 3D cell culture manipulation using deep learning.

Sci Rep

July 2021

Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, Biological Research Centre (BRC), Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), Temesvári körút 62, Szeged, 6726, Hungary.

Recent statistics report that more than 3.7 million new cases of cancer occur in Europe yearly, and the disease accounts for approximately 20% of all deaths. High-throughput screening of cancer cell cultures has dominated the search for novel, effective anticancer therapies in the past decades.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

By upregulation of cell adhesion molecules and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, cells of the neurovascular unit, including pericytes and endothelial cells, actively participate in neuroinflammatory reactions. As previously shown, both cell types can activate inflammasomes, cerebral endothelial cells (CECs) through the canonical pathway, while pericytes only through the noncanonical pathway. Using complex in vitro models, we demonstrate here that the noncanonical inflammasome pathway can be induced in CECs as well, leading to a further increase in the secretion of active interleukin-1β over that observed in response to activation of the canonical pathway.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Recent studies proved that metabolic changes in malignant disorders have an impact on protein glycosylation, however, only a few attempts have been made so far to use O-GlcNAc analysis as a prognostic tool. Glucose metabolism is reported to be altered in hematological malignancies thus, we hypothesized that monitoring intracellular O-GlcNAc levels in Rai stage 0-I (Binet A) CLL patients could give deeper insights regarding subtle metabolic changes of progression which are not completely detected by the routine follow-up procedures.

Objective: In this proof of concept study we established a flow cytometric detection method for the assessment of O-GlcNAcylation as a possible prognostic marker in CLL malignancy which was supported by fluorescence microscopy.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • * This FH family, which includes proteins like Factor H and Factor H-like protein 1, has been associated with various conditions, but the specific functions of some members remain unclear, leading to ongoing questions about their roles in disease.
  • * The review highlights challenges such as controversies over the FH proteins’ functions, problems in measuring these proteins accurately, and the limitations of animal models, while also calling for interdisciplinary collaboration among researchers to overcome these obstacles in studying the FH family.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Neural stem cell (NSC) transplantation induces recovery in animal models of central nervous system (CNS) diseases. Although the replacement of lost endogenous cells was originally proposed as the primary healing mechanism of NSC grafts, it is now clear that transplanted NSCs operate via multiple mechanisms, including the horizontal exchange of therapeutic cargoes to host cells via extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs are membrane particles trafficking nucleic acids, proteins, metabolites and metabolic enzymes, lipids, and entire organelles.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Overexpression of Human Syndecan-1 Protects against the Diethylnitrosamine-Induced Hepatocarcinogenesis in Mice.

Cancers (Basel)

March 2021

1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary.

Although syndecan-1 (SDC1) is known to be dysregulated in various cancer types, its implication in tumorigenesis is poorly understood. Its effect may be detrimental or protective depending on the type of cancer. Our previous data suggest that SDC1 is protective against hepatocarcinogenesis.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Complement Genetic Variants and FH Desialylation in -Haemolytic Uraemic Syndrome.

Front Immunol

September 2021

Complement Research Group, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.

Haemolytic Uraemic Syndrome associated with infections (SP-HUS) is a clinically well-known entity that generally affects infants, and could have a worse prognosis than HUS associated to infections. It has been assumed that complement genetic variants associated with primary atypical HUS cases (aHUS) do not contribute to SP-HUS, which is solely attributed to the action of the pneumococcal neuraminidase on the host cellular surfaces. We previously identified complement pathogenic variants and risk polymorphisms in a few Hungarian SP-HUS patients, and have now extended these studies to a cohort of 13 Spanish SP-HUS patients.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Most therapeutic agents used for treating brain malignancies face hindered transport through the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and poor tissue penetration. To overcome these problems, we developed peptide conjugates of conventional and experimental anticancer agents. SynB3 cell-penetrating peptide derivatives were applied that can cross the BBB.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Annual incidence and severity of acute episodes in hereditary thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura.

Blood

June 2021

Department of Hematology and Central Hematology Laboratory, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.

Hereditary thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (hTTP) is a rare thrombotic microangiopathy characterized by severe congenital ADAMTS13 deficiency and recurring acute episodes causing morbidity and premature death. Information on the annual incidence and severity of acute episodes in patients with hTTP is largely lacking. This study reports prospective data on 87 patients from the Hereditary TTP Registry (clinicaltrials.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Demonstration of age-related blood-brain barrier disruption and cerebromicrovascular rarefaction in mice by longitudinal intravital two-photon microscopy and optical coherence tomography.

Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol

April 2021

Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Oklahoma Center For Geroscience and Healthy Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.

Age-related blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption and cerebromicrovascular rarefaction contribute importantly to the pathogenesis of both vascular cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recent advances in geroscience research enable development of novel interventions to reverse age-related alterations of the cerebral microcirculation for prevention of VCID and AD. To facilitate this research, there is an urgent need for sensitive and easy-to-adapt imaging methods that enable longitudinal assessment of changes in BBB permeability and brain capillarization in aged mice and that could be used in vivo to evaluate treatment efficiency.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objective: The goal of this study was to define the pathology and anesthesia dependency of single pulse electrical stimulation (SPES) dependent high-frequency oscillations (HFOs, ripples, fast ripples) in the hippocampal formation.

Methods: Laminar profile of electrically evoked short latency (<100 ms) high-frequency oscillations (80-500 Hz) was examined in the hippocampus of therapy-resistant epileptic patients (6 female, 2 male) in vivo, under general anesthesia.

Results: Parahippocampal SPES evoked HFOs in all recorded hippocampal subregions (Cornu Ammonis 2-3, dentate gyrus, and subiculum) were not uniform, rather the combination of ripples, fast ripples, sharp transients, and multiple unit activities.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Extracellular vesicles (EV) are considered as a promising diagnostic tool for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), a disease with a poor 5-year survival that has not improved in the past years. PDAC patient-derived 3D organoids maintain the intratumoral cellular heterogeneity, characteristic for the tumor in vivo.Thus, they represent an ideal in vitro model system to study human cancers.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Large-Scale 3D Two-Photon Imaging of Molecularly Identified CA1 Interneuron Dynamics in Behaving Mice.

Neuron

December 2020

Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; The Kavli Institute for Brain Science, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA. Electronic address:

Cortical computations are critically reliant on their local circuit, GABAergic cells. In the hippocampus, a large body of work has identified an unprecedented diversity of GABAergic interneurons with pronounced anatomical, molecular, and physiological differences. Yet little is known about the functional properties and activity dynamics of the major hippocampal interneuron classes in behaving animals.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are important elements of intercellular communication. A plethora of different, occasionally even opposite, physiologic and pathologic effects have been attributed to these vesicles in the last decade. A direct comparison of individual observations is however hampered by the significant differences in the way of elicitation, collection, handling, and storage of the investigated vesicles.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF