Cellular Core/Sheath Filaments with Thermoresponsive Vacuum Cavities for Prolonged Passive Temperature-Adaptive Thermoregulation.

Acting as the interface between the human body and its environment, clothing is indispensable in human thermoregulation and even survival under extreme environmental conditions. Development of clothing textiles with prolonged passive temperature-adaptive thermoregulation without external energy consumption is much needed for protection from thermal stress and energy saving, but very challenging. Here, a temperature-adaptive thermoregulation filament (TATF) consisting of thermoresponsive vacuum cavities formed by the temperature-responsive volume change of the material confined in the cellular cores of the filament is proposed.

Deciphering pH Mismatching at the Electrified Electrode-Electrolyte Interface towards Understanding Intrinsic Water Molecule Oxidation Kinetics.

Unveiling the key influencing factors towards electrode/electrolyte interface control is a long-standing challenge for a better understanding of microscopic electrode kinetics, which is indispensable to building up guiding principles for designer electrocatalysts with desirable functionality. Herein, we exemplify the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) via water molecule oxidation with the iridium dioxide electrocatalyst and uncovered the significant mismatching effect of pH between local electrode surface and bulk electrolyte: the intrinsic OER activity under acidic or near-neutral condition was deciphered to be identical by adjusting this pH mismatching. This result indicates that the local pH effect at the electrified solid-liquid interface plays the main role in the "fake" OER performance.

Cross-Coupling of Carbonyl Derivatives and -Arylamines Enabled by Visible Light for Easy Access to 1,2-Amino Alcohols.

We disclosed a new strategy for the synthesis of 1,2-amino alcohols enabled by visible light without the requirement of a photocatalyst and metal. Under light irradiation at 400 nm, the reaction of carbonyl derivatives and -arylamines proceeds via an electron-donor-acceptor (EDA) intermediate, obtaining diverse vicinal amino alcohols decorated with a two-electron-rich/-deficient aryl group.

Climate Change Drives Changes in the Size and Composition of Fungal Communities Along the Soil-Seedling Continuum of Schima superba.

Plant microbiomes have a major influence on forest structure and functions, as well as tree fitness and evolution. However, a comprehensive understanding of variations in fungi along the soil-plant continuum, particularly within tree seedlings, under global warming is lacking. Here, we investigated the dynamics of fungal communities across different compartments (including bulk soil and rhizosphere soil) and plant organs (including the endosphere of roots, stems and leaves) of Schima superba seedlings exposed to experimental warming and drought using AccuITS absolute quantitative sequencing.

Perspectives on postbaccalaureate PEERS: Advocacy and empowering communities.

The impact of Covid-19 pandemic has dramatically shifted the education landscape between recent college and university graduates and pathways to graduate degrees. In my perspective article, I wish to share the challenges, reflections, and a call-to-action framework in ways we can support and advocate for postbaccalaureate persons excluded because of their ethnicity of race, or from a structurally marginalized community or PEERS through the lens of mindfulness, humility, reflection, and deep listening. Through cross-institutional community network support, culturally responsive mentoring of postbaccalaureate PEERS is one of the key dimensions in empowering communities toward health, environmental, and social justice.

Characterization of 3,3'-iminodipropionitrile (IDPN) damaged utricle transcriptome in the adult mouse utricle.

Utricle is an important vestibular sensory organ for maintaining balance. 3,3'-iminodipropionitrile (IDPN), a prototype nitrile toxin, has been reported to be neurotoxic and vestibulotoxic, and can be used to establish an damage model of vestibular dysfunction. However, the mechanism of utricular HCs damage caused by IDPN is unclear.

Bio-inspired carbon-based artificial muscle with precise and continuous morphing capabilities.

In the face of advancements in microrobotics, intelligent control and precision medicine, artificial muscle actuation systems must meet demands for precise control, high stability, environmental adaptability and high integration miniaturization. Carbon materials, being lightweight, strong and highly conductive and flexible, show great potential for artificial muscles. Inspired by the butterfly's proboscis, we have developed a carbon-based artificial muscle, hydrogen-substituted graphdiyne muscle (HsGDY-M), fabricated efficiently using an emerging hydrogen-substituted graphdiyne (HsGDY) film with an asymmetrical surface structure.

α-Cyclodextrin supplementation improves endurance exercise performance and reduces post-exercise fatigue in human males: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study.

α-Cyclodextrin (αCD), a cyclic hexasaccharide composed of six glucose units, is not digested in the small intestine but is completely fermented by gut microbes. Recently, we have reported that αCD supplementation for nonathlete men improved their 10 km biking times. However, the beneficial effects of αCD on exercise are not yet fully understood.

Multiple time points of transcriptome analysis revealed altered genes involved in maintaining hibernation in the hypothalamus of .

Hibernation, an adaptive mechanism to extreme environmental conditions, is prevalent among mammals. Its main characteristics include reduced body temperature and metabolic rate. However, the mechanisms by which hibernating animals re-enter deep sleep during the euthermic phase to sustain hibernation remain poorly understood.

Synthesis, characterization, and photophysical properties of novel 9‑phenyl-9-phosphafluorene oxide derivatives.

A novel series of D-A-D-type 9-phenyl-9-phosphafluorene oxide (PhFlOP) derivatives was prepared and is reported herein. The synthetic protocol involved 5 steps from commercially available 2-bromo-4-fluoro-1-nitrobenzene, featuring a noble-metal-free system, mild reaction conditions, and a good yield, especially for the final CsCO-facilitated nucleophilic substitution (77-91% yield). The characterization data obtained from IR and NMR spectroscopy (H, C, F, and P) as well as HRMS spectrometry were in full agreement with the expected structures, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis was conducted to confirm the structure of compound .

The environmental impact of religious beliefs in the East and West: evidence from China.

This study explores the influence of religious beliefs on environmental attitudes and behaviors in China. Using data from the 2021 Chinese General Social Survey (CGSS), two structural equation models were constructed to examine the mediating roles of natural empathy and anthropocentrism in the relationship between environmental awareness and willingness to make sacrifices for environmental protection. The results indicated that while environmental awareness positively influenced willingness to sacrifice, natural empathy did not significantly mediate this relationship.

Unlocking new possibility of FeO@C@Ag nanostructures as an advanced SERS substrate for ultrasensitive detection of low-cross-section urea biomolecules.

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is widely recognized as a powerful analytical technique, offering molecular identification by amplifying characteristic vibrational signals, even at the single-molecule level. While SERS has been successfully applied for a wide range of targets including pesticides, dyes, bacteria, and pharmaceuticals, it has struggled with the detection of molecules with inherently low Raman scattering cross-sections. Urea, a key nitrogen-containing biomolecule and the diamide of carbonic acid, is a prime example of such a challenging target.

Nanoencapsulation of Living Microbial Cells in Porous Covalent Organic Framework Shells.

Encapsulating living cells within nanoshells offers an important approach to enhance their stability against environmental stressors and broaden their application scope. However, this often leads to impaired mass transfer at the cell biointerface. Strengthening the protective shell with well-defined, ordered transport channels is crucial to regulating molecular transport and maintaining cell viability and biofunctionality.

Coupling Nitrate-to-Ammonia Conversion and Sulfion Oxidation Reaction Over Hierarchical Porous Spinel MFeO (M═Ni, Co, Fe, Mn) in Wastewater.

The construction of coupled electrolysis systems utilizing renewable energy sources for electrocatalytic nitrate reduction and sulfion oxidation reactions (NORR and SOR), is considered a promising approach for environmental remediation, ammonia production, and sulfur recovery. Here, a simple chemical dealloying method is reported to fabricate a hierarchical porous multi-metallic spinel MFeO (M═Ni, Co, Fe, Mn) dual-functional electrocatalysts consisting of Mn-doped porous NiFeO/CoFeO heterostructure networks and Ni/Co/Mn co-doped FeO nanosheet networks. The excellent NORR with high NH Faradaic efficiency of 95.

Phenol-Quinone Redox Couples of Natural Organic Matter Promote Mercury Methylation in Paddy Soil.

Methylmercury in paddy soils poses threats to food security and thus human health. Redox-active phenolic and quinone moieties of natural organic matter (NOM) mediate electron transfer between microbes and mercury during mercury reduction. However, their role in mercury methylation remains elusive.

Reversible Nanocomposite by Programming Amorphous Polymer Conformation Under Nanoconfinement.

Nanoconfinements are utilized to program how polymers entangle and disentangle as chain clusters to engineer pseudo bonds with tunable strength, multivalency, and directionality. When amorphous polymers are grafted to nanoparticles that are one magnitude larger in size than individual polymers, programming grafted chain conformations can "synthesize" high-performance nanocomposites with moduli of ≈25GPa and a circular lifecycle without forming and/or breaking chemical bonds. These nanocomposites dissipate external stresses by disentangling and stretching grafted polymers up to ≈98% of their contour length, analogous to that of folded proteins; use both polymers and nanoparticles for load bearing; and exhibit a non-linear dependence on composition throughout the microscopic, nanoscopic, and single-particle levels.

Phenotypic and genotypic landscape of antibiotic resistance through One Health approach in Sri Lanka: A systematic review.

Objectives: Antibiotic resistance (ABR) constitutes a significant burden to economies in developing countries. In the 'One-Health' concept, ABR in human, animals, and environment is interconnected. The aim of this study was to critically appraise literature on ABR in all three domains in One Health, within the Sri Lankan geographical context.

Detection of microplastics in pterygium tissue: Implications for environmental hazards.

Purpose: This study aimed to report a case of microplastics (MPs) detection in a pterygium patient's tissue.

Case Report: A pterygium specimen was obtained from the right eye of a 43-year-old woman by surgical removal of a recurred pterygium. The number, morphology, and material type of the MPs in pterygium were identified using Raman microscopy and scanning electron microscopy.

Effects of Different Types of Microplastics on Cold Seep Microbial Diversity and Function.

The massive production and widespread use of plastics have resulted in a growing marine plastic pollution problem. Cold seep ecosystems are maintained by microorganisms related to nitrogen and carbon cycling that occur in deep-sea areas, where cold hydrocarbon-rich water seeps from the ocean floor. Little is known about plastic pollution in this ecosystem.

A Maternal Loss-of-Function Variant in KHDC3L Gene Causes a Range of Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes: A Case Report.

Background: The KHDC3L gene encodes a component of the subcortical maternal complex (SCMC). Biallelic mutations in this gene cause 5%-10% of biparental hydatidiform moles (BiHM), and a few maternal deletions in KHDC3L have been identified in women with recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL).

Method: In this study, we had a patient with a history of 10 pregnancy or neonatal losses, including spontaneous abortions, neonatal deaths, and molar pregnancy.

Developmental Toxicity of Disinfection Byproducts in F344 Rats: Effects on Pregnancy Maintenance and Eye Development.

Background: Epidemiological studies report associations of drinking water disinfection byproducts (DBPs) with adverse health outcomes, including birth defects. Here, we used a rat model susceptible to pregnancy loss (full-litter resorption; FLR) and eye malformations (anophthalmia, microphthalmia) to test 11 DBPs, including trihalomethanes, haloacetic acids (HAAs), and nitrogen-containing DBPs (N-DBPs).

Methods: Timed-pregnant F344 rats received gavage doses of chloroform, chlorodibromomethane, iodoform, chloroacetic acid, bromoacetic acid, dibromoacetic acid (DBA), diiodoacetic acid (DIA), trichloroacetic acid (TCA), dibromonitromethane, and iodoacetonitrile on gestation days (GD) 6-10.

A Wireless Health Monitoring System Accomplishing Bimodal Decoupling Based on an "IS"-Shaped Multifunctional Conductive Hydrogel.

Flexible wearable sensors with bimodal functionality offer substantial value for human health monitoring, as relying on a single indicator is insufficient for capturing comprehensive physiological information. However, bimodal sensors face multiple challenges in practical applications, including mutual interference between various modalities, and integration of excellent mechanical properties, interfacial adhesion, environmental adaptability and biocompatibility. Herein, the multifunctional hydrogel, synthesized through radical grafting and supramolecular self-crosslinking reactions, exhibits excellent thermal sensitivity (TCR = -1.

High Molecular-Weight Organics as Precursors for Toxic Iodinated Disinfection Byproducts during Chloramination.

Iodinated DBPs (I-DBPs), many more toxic than regulated chlorinated and/or brominated DBPs, are a major challenge in the supply of safe drinking water. While over 800 DBPs have been identified, the occurrence and precursors of toxic I-DBPs remain poorly understood. Herein, natural organic matter from two raw drinking waters was fractionated using ultrafiltration membranes into different groups based on molecular weight (MW).

Regional antimicrobial resistance gene flow among the One Health sectors in China.

Background: Antimicrobial resistance poses a significant threat to global health, with its spread intricately linked across human, animal, and environmental sectors. Revealing the antimicrobial resistance gene (ARG) flow among the One Health sectors is essential for better control of antimicrobial resistance.

Results: In this study, we investigated regional ARG transmission among humans, food, and the environment in Dengfeng, Henan Province, China by combining large-scale metagenomic sequencing with culturing of resistant bacterial isolates in 592 samples.

Comparison of hypothermic and normothermic targeted temperature management in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients with acute coronary syndrome: a nationwide retrospective study.

Background: Targeted temperature management (TTM) is considered a beneficial treatment for improving outcomes in patients with OHCA due to acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The comparative benefits of hypothermic TTM (32-34°C) versus normothermic TTM (35-36°C) are unclear. This study compares these TTM strategies in improving neurological outcomes and survival rates in OHCA patients with ACS.