Novel Immunohistochemical and Morphological Approaches in a Retrospective Study of Post-Mortem Myocarditis.

This study presents a retrospective analysis of 26 autopsy cases from a single centre, primarily focusing on forensic cases, with a majority of male individuals. We systematically analysed autopsy reports and cardiac tissue slides using haematoxylin-eosin stain and immunohistochemistry for CD3, CD163, and IL-6. The histological assessment evaluated key variables such as inflammation severity, necrosis, and background changes using a standardised grading system.

The Utility of Radiomorphometric Mandibular Indices on Cone Beam Computer Tomography in the Assessment of Bone Mass in Postmenopausal Women: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: The present study examined the potential use of computed tomography radiomorphometric mandibular indices on cone beam CT (CBCT) for the assessment of bone density in postmenopausal women with low bone mass.

Methods: We included 104 postmenopausal women who received dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) using a DXA scanner and mental foramen (MF) region CBCT using a NewTom VGi EVO Cone Beam 3D system. We assessed the relationships between the following DXA parameters: lumbar, femoral neck, and total hip T-scores, bone mineral density (BMD), lumbar trabecular bone score (TBS), and mandibular inferior cortical bone thickness at 4 sites.

The Value of Mandibular Indices on Cone Beam Computed Tomography in Secondary Causes of Low Bone Mass.

As implant treatment cases increase, many cases of failure/side effects also occur. Generally, dental clinics determine the density of the jawbone using cone beam CT (CBCT). Considering the known potential role of this tool for bone assessment in primary osteoporosis, this study evaluated patients with secondary endocrine causes of low bone mass.

Cone Beam Computed Tomography Panoramic Mandibular Indices in the Screening of Postmenopausal Women with Low Bone Mass: Correlations with Bone Quantity and Quality.

Objective: This study examined the potential use of computed tomography panoramic mandibular indices on cone beam CT (CBCT) for assessing bone density in postmenopausal women with low bone mass.

Study Design: The study enrolled 104 postmenopausal women who underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) using a DXA scanner and mental foramen region CBCT alongside the NewTom VGi EVO Cone Beam 3D system. We assessed the relationship between the following DXA parameters: lumbar, femoral neck, and total hip T score, bone mineral density (BMD), and lumbar trabecular bone score (TBS).

Neutrophilic Myocarditis: Insights from a Forensic Centre's Retrospective Study.

Background: Neutrophilic myocarditis often stems from bacterial or fungal infections, and it is typically detectable through blood cultures or analyses of the primary infection site. However, research specifically addressing the morphological features of acute myocarditis in complex sepsis cases is scarce, with existing studies primarily dating back to the pre-antibiotic era.

Methods: This study constitutes a retrospective and descriptive analysis encompassing 22 forensic cases.

Oxytocin predicts positive affect gains in a role-play interaction.

Introduction: Role-play, a key creative process in theatre, is used in therapeutic interventions to improve social skills, emotion regulation, and memory. Although role-play is widely used as a psychotherapeutic technique, its mechanisms of action are not fully understood.

Methods: Our study introduces a standardized controlled procedure for promoting role-play in the laboratory based on the portrayal of a fictional persona and examines its effects on anxiety, affect, prosocial attitudes, and salivary oxytocin dynamics in 38 participants.

Utility of Cone-Beam Computed Tomography in the Detection of Low Bone Mass-A Systematic Review.

Introduction: Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is widely used in the preoperative qualitative and quantitative assessment of dental implant sites, offering dimensional accuracy, spatial resolution, gray density, and contrast comparable to those of classical CT scan, yet with disputable ability to determine bone mass density.

Materials And Methods: A systematic review of the literature was performed using the PubMed and SCOPUS databases, with terms referring to low bone mass and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Results: Sixteen studies were included in the review.

Quantitative vs. Qualitative SPECT-CT Diagnostic Accuracy in Bone Lesion Evaluation-A Review of the Literature.

(1) Background: Considering the importance that quantitative molecular imaging has gained and the need for objective and reproducible image interpretation, the aim of the present review is to emphasize the benefits of performing a quantitative interpretation of single photon emission computed tomography-computed tomography (SPECT-CT) studies compared to qualitative interpretation methods in bone lesion evaluations while suggesting new directions for research on this topic. (2) Methods: By conducting comprehensive literature research, we performed an analysis of published data regarding the use of quantitative and qualitative SPECT-CT in the evaluation of bone metastases. (3) Results: Several studies have evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of quantitative and qualitative SPECT-CT in differentiating between benign and metastatic bone lesions.

Long-Term Outcome of Patients with Stage II and III Muscle-Invasive Urothelial Bladder Cancer after Multimodality Approach. Which Is the Best Option?

: There is no consensus regarding the optimal therapy sequence in stage II and III bladder cancer. The study aimed to evaluate the long-term oncologic outcomes in patients with bladder cancer after a multimodality approach. : Medical files of 231 consecutive patients identified with stage II (46.

Effects of the Lipid Profile, Type 2 Diabetes and Medication on the Metabolic Syndrome-Associated Gut Microbiome.

Metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) is a major health problem affecting approximately 25% of the worldwide population. Since the gut microbiota is highly connected to the host metabolism, several recent studies have emerged to characterize the role of the microbiome in MetSyn development and progression. To this end, our study aimed to identify the microbiome patterns which distinguish MetSyn from type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Microbiome, Mycobiome and Related Metabolites Alterations in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome-A Pilot Study.

Metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) has a rapidly growing worldwide prevalence, affecting over 1 billion people. MetSyn is clustering many pathological conditions, which, untreated, could increase the risk and often lead to more severe metabolic defects such as type 2 diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Many data demonstrate the complex role of gut microbiota in the host metabolism, and hence, deciphering the microbiome patterns linked to MetSyn could enable us for novel diagnosis and monitoring markers and for better disease management.

Study of Cognitive Disfunctions in Thyroid Pathology.

Thyroid pathology is characterized by abnormal values of thyroid hormones that can affect the brain and can lead to cognitive impairment (attention, memory, mood), depression and anxiety. The aim of the study is to evaluate the association between the cognitive disorders and thyroid disease and the link between thyroid hormone levels FT4 and TSH in depression and anxiety. We included 130 individuals from Endocrinology Clinic of Craiova, over a period of 6 years (2014-2020), none of whom was taking thyroid medication and antidepressants.

The Utility of Next-Generation Sequencing in the Treatment Decision-Making for Metastatic Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer.

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) is a fast and relatively inexpensive method to sequence a large number of genes with crucial importance in cancer medicine. Nowadays, NGS is frequently used in diagnostic and therapeutic decisions in oncology; however, recently, it was demonstrated that only a few cancer sites actually benefit from this assessment. Moreover, the association of a mutant gene with a targeted drug is not always as predicted during in-vitro trials and is often not associated with tumor response.

Updates in the outcomes of radiation therapy for Cushing's disease.

External radiation therapy (RT) directed to the pituitary gland is generally recommended in patients with Cushing's disease (CD) as adjuvant to transsphenoidal surgery, among other second-line therapies offered to patients with residual or recurrent hypercortisolism (i.e., medical treatment, repeat surgery or bilateral adrenalectomy).

Possible Influence of Weight Gain and Creatinine Levels in Predicting Response to Nivolumab: A Multicenter Analysis.

Literature suggests that high body mass index can be correlated with better response to immune checkpoint inhibitors. On the other hand, sarcopenia seems to be a negative predictive marker. The present analysis is a retrospective, multicenter trial that included patients with metastatic melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and renal cell carcinoma treated with nivolumab between 2018 and 2020.

New oral anticoagulants - possible extension to other indications (Review).

Anticoagulant treatment is necessary in various conditions, with curative or preventive purposes. Until recently, the only oral anticoagulants available have been vitamin K antagonists. To overcome the disadvantages of the antivitamin K oral anticoagulants, new oral anticoagulants (NOACs) have been developed and included in clinical trials.

Metabolic and cardiovascular benefits of GLP-1 agonists, besides the hypoglycemic effect (Review).

Patients with type 2 diabetes exhibit higher cardiovascular risk than normal individuals. Optimal blood glucose levels are rarely achieved in diabetic patients. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) have emerged as a new antidiabetic drug class with multiple metabolic effects.

The Impact of the Extent of Surgery on the Long-Term Outcomes of Patients with Low-Risk Differentiated Non-Medullary Thyroid Cancer: A Systematic Meta-Analysis.

Recently, the management of patients with low-risk differentiated non-medullary thyroid cancer (DTC), including papillary and follicular thyroid carcinoma subtypes, has been critically appraised, questioning whether these patients might be overtreated without a clear clinical benefit. The American Thyroid Association (ATA) guideline suggests that thyroid lobectomy (TL) could be a safe alternative for total thyroidectomy (TT) in patients with DTC up to 4 cm limited to the thyroid, without metastases. We conducted a meta-analysis to assess the clinical outcomes in patients with low-risk DTC based on the extent of surgery.

Consensus statement on the assessment of comorbidities in people living with HIV in Romania.

Introduction: The life expectancy of HIV-infected patients has been increased by highly effective therapies. People living with HIV (PLWH) in Romania are exposed to age-related comorbidities occurring earlier than in uninfected individuals. Multidisciplinary care is required to maintain the general health and quality of life in these patients.

CT Characteristics of Pheochromocytoma: Relevance for the Evaluation of Adrenal Incidentaloma.

Background: Up to 7% of all adrenal incidentalomas (AIs) are pheochromocytomas (PCCs). In the evaluation of AI, it is generally recommended that PCC be excluded by measurement of plasma-free or 24-hour urinary fractionated metanephrines. However, recent studies suggest that biochemical exclusion of PCC not be performed for lesions with CT characteristics of an adrenocortical adenoma (ACA).

Assessment of knowledge, attitudes and perceptions regarding Ebola disease in healthcare workers from a tertiary care hospital in Romania.

Objectives: The National Institute for Infectious Diseases 'Prof. Dr. Matei Balș' was the designated centre for managing Ebola alerts in Romania during the 2014 African outbreak.

Mitochondrial DNA haplogroup K as a contributor to protection against thyroid cancer in a population from southeast Europe.

We aimed to analyze the contribution of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroups of the mtDNA control region to thyroid cancer risk in a population from southeastern Europe consisting of 235 thyroid tumor patients, including 114 patients with thyroid follicular adenoma, 121 patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma, and 419 healthy controls. Binary logistic regression with adjustment for age and gender revealed that mtDNA haplogroup K was significantly associated with a protective role for thyroid cancer in the combined tumor group versus controls. These results indicate a potential role for mtDNA haplogroups as important candidate susceptibility markers for the patients with thyroid nodules.

Genetic affinities among the historical provinces of Romania and Central Europe as revealed by an mtDNA analysis.

Background: As a major crossroads between Asia and Europe, Romania has experienced continuous migration and invasion episodes. The precise routes may have been shaped by the topology of the territory and had diverse impacts on the genetic structure of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in historical Romanian provinces. We studied 714 Romanians from all historical provinces, Wallachia, Dobrudja, Moldavia, and Transylvania, by analyzing the mtDNA control region and coding markers to encompass the complete landscape of mtDNA haplogroups.

A new TRβ mutation in resistance to thyroid hormone syndrome.

Thyroid hormones (TH) exert their actions by binding nuclear receptors alpha (TRα1) and beta (TRß1 and TRß2). Resistance to thyroid hormone (RTH) is a clinical syndrome with various clinical manifestations, its hallmark being decreased tissue sensitivity to the action of thyroid hormones. We report the case of a family harbouring a novel TRß mutation.