Occurrence and ecological risks of antibiotics and antiparasitics in surface water in urban lakes in Hanoi city, Vietnam.

The presence of antibiotics in the environment is of significant concern due to their adverse effects on aquatic ecosystems. This study provides an assessment of potential ecological risks (RQ) associated with the concentrations of eight antibiotics and antiparasitics (amoxicillin-AMO, azithromycin-AZI, ciprofloxacine-CIP, ofloxacine-OFL, oxfendazole-OXF, lincomycin-LIN, sulfacetamide-SCE and sulfamethoxazole-SME) in the surface water of 13 urban lakes in Hanoi city, Vietnam during the period 2021-2023. The findings revealed considerable variations in the total concentrations of these 8 substances (T), ranging from below the method detection limit (< MDL) to 2240 ng L with an average of 330.

Triticain alpha represents the major active papain-like cysteine protease in naturally senescing and ozone-treated leaves of wheat.

Current background tropospheric ozone (O) concentrations have significant adverse effects on wheat. O generally induces oxidative damages and premature leaf senescence leading to important yield losses. As leaf protein degradation and recycling is involved in both maintaining cell longevity during abiotic stresses and performing efficient nitrogen remobilization during senescence, we aimed to identify proteases involved in acidic endoproteolytic activities during natural and O-induced leaf senescence in wheat.

Evolution of queen pheromone receptor tuning in four honeybee species (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Apis).

Honeybees (genus: Apis) use a plethora of pheromones for intraspecific communication. The primary compound produced by the queen's mandibular glands, 9-ODA, is involved in mating in all Apis species. It is the ligand of the most highly expressed olfactory receptor in males of : OR11.

Synergistic effects of elevated temperature with pesticides on reproduction, development and survival of dung beetles.

In times of global change, high temperatures can increase the negative effects of pesticides and other stressors. The goal of this study was to evaluate, under controlled laboratory conditions, the effect of a moderate increase in temperature in combination with ivermectin (an antiparasitic medication used in cattle that is excreted in dung), an herbicide, and parasitic pressure, on the reproductive success, development time and adult survival of dung beetles Euoniticellus intermedius. Whereas high temperature increased the number and proportion of emerged offspring, it had synergistic negative effects in combination with the ivermectin, herbicide and parasite treatments.

The Role of ()-β-Farnesene in Tritrophic Interactions: Biosynthesis, Chemoreception, and Evolution.

()-β-farnesene (EBF) stands out as a crucial volatile organic compound, exerting significant influence on the complex interactions between plants, aphids, and predator insects. Serving as an alarm signal within aphids, EBF is also emitted by plants as a defense mechanism to attract aphid predators. This review delves into EBF sources, functions, biosynthesis, detection mechanisms, and its coevolutionary impacts on aphids and insect predators.

Field evidence for the role of plant volatiles induced by caterpillar oral secretion in prey localization by predatory social wasps.

One assumed function of herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) is to attract natural enemies of the inducing herbivores. Field evidence for this is scarce. In addition, the assumption that elicitors in oral secretions that trigger the volatile emissions are essential for the attraction of natural enemies has not yet been demonstrated under field conditions.

Existing evidence on the potential of soils constructed from mineral wastes to support biodiversity: a systematic map.

Background: The development of cities and transport infrastructure produces a large volume of mineral waste (e.g. excavated earth material).

Protocol for aerial trapping and analyses of candidate pheromone compounds released by moths via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.

Detection of pheromones is pivotal to chemical ecology and agronomy; however, analytic detection of the volatile pheromone components from odorized air is highly challenging. Here, we introduce a protocol for the detection of airborne pheromones from female moths, which are key models for chemosensory studies. We describe a step-by-step guide from pheromone collection to quantitative estimation of pheromone components.

A conserved pheromone receptor in the American and the Asian palm weevils is also activated by host plant volatiles.

The evolution of chemosensory receptors is key for the adaptation of animals to their environment. Recent knowledge acquired on the tri-dimensional structure of insect odorant receptors makes it possible to study the link between modifications in the receptor structure and evolution of response spectra in more depth. We investigated this question in palm weevils, several species of which are well-known invasive pests of ornamental or cultivated palm trees worldwide.

Primary cell cultures from the single-chromosome ant Myrmecia croslandi.

The number of chromosomes varies tremendously across species. It is not clear whether having more or fewer chromosomes could be advantageous. The probability of non-disjunction should theoretically decrease with smaller karyotypes, but too long chromosomes should enforce spatial constraint for their segregation during the mitotic anaphase.

Physiological, transcriptomic and metabolomic insights of three extremophyte woody species living in the multi-stress environment of the Atacama Desert.

In contrast to Neltuma species, S. tamarugo exhibited higher stress tolerance, maintaining photosynthetic performance through enhanced gene expression and metabolites. Differentially accumulated metabolites include chlorophyll and carotenoids and accumulation of non-nitrogen osmoprotectants.

Underestimation of extremes in sea level surge reconstruction.

Statistical models are an alternative to numerical models for reconstructing storm surges at a low computational cost. These models directly link surges to metocean variables, i.e.

Cultivar-Specific Defense Responses in Wild and Cultivated Squash Induced by Belowground and Aboveground Herbivory.

Plant domestication often alters plant traits, including chemical and physical defenses against herbivores. In squash, domestication leads to reduced levels of cucurbitacins and leaf trichomes, influencing interactions with insects. However, the impact of domestication on inducible defenses in squash remains poorly understood.

Effects of Foliar Boron Application on Physiological and Antioxidants Responses in Highbush Blueberry ( L.) Cultivars.

Boron (B) is a micronutrient crucial for the growth, development, productivity, and quality of crops. However, in areas characterized by acid soil (pH < 5.0) and high rainfall, soil B concentration tends to decrease, leading to insufficient supply to crops.

Deorphanizing an odorant receptor tuned to palm tree volatile esters in the Asian palm weevil sheds light on the mechanisms of palm tree selection.

The Asian palm weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, is a tremendously important agricultural pest primarily adapted to palm trees and causes severe destruction, threatening sustainable palm cultivation worldwide. The host plant selection of this weevil is mainly attributed to the functional specialization of odorant receptors (ORs) that detect palm-derived volatiles. Yet, ligands are known for only two ORs of R.

Hotspots of biogeochemical activity linked to aridity and plant traits across global drylands.

Perennial plants create productive and biodiverse hotspots, known as fertile islands, beneath their canopies. These hotspots largely determine the structure and functioning of drylands worldwide. Despite their ubiquity, the factors controlling fertile islands under conditions of contrasting grazing by livestock, the most prevalent land use in drylands, remain virtually unknown.

Village Settlements in Mountainous Tropical Areas, Hotspots of Fecal Contamination as Evidenced by and Stanol Concentrations in Stormwater Pulses.

Fecal bacteria in surface water may indicate threats to human health. Our hypothesis is that village settlements in tropical rural areas are major hotspots of fecal contamination because of the number of domestic animals usually roaming in the alleys and the lack of fecal matter treatment before entering the river network. By jointly monitoring the dynamics of and of seven stanol compounds during four flood events (July-August 2016) at the outlet of a ditch draining sewage and surface runoff out of a village of Northern Lao PDR, our objectives were (1) to assess the range of concentration in the surface runoff washing off from a village settlement and (2) to identify the major contributory sources of fecal contamination using stanol compounds during flood events.

Pheromone-mediated command from the female to male clock induces and synchronizes circadian rhythms of the moth Spodoptera littoralis.

To extract any adaptive benefit, the circadian clock needs to be synchronized to the 24-h day-night cycles. We have investigated if it is a general property of the brain's circadian clock to recognize social interactions as external time givers. Sociosexual interactions with the opposite sex are universal, prevalent even in the lives of solitary animals.

Metal contamination, their ecological risk, and relationship with other variables in surface sediments of urban rivers in a big city in Asia: case study of Hanoi, Vietnam.

Urban rivers are significantly impacted by anthropogenic pressure. This study presents the updated assessment of the concentrations of 11 metals and other variables (pH, total organic carbon (TOC) and nutrients (total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and total silica)) in the sediments of four urban rivers in inner Hanoi city, Vietnam, during the period 2020-2022. The mean concentrations of Fe, Zn, As, and Cr were higher than the permissible values of the Vietnam National technical regulation on the surface sediment quality.

Unveiling Molecular Effects of the Secondary Metabolite 2-Dodecanone in the Model Hymenopteran .

Over the past decade, multiple studies have suggested that the secondary metabolites produced by plants against herbivorous insects could be used as biopesticides. However, as the molecular mechanism of action of these compounds remains unknown, it is difficult to predict how they would affect non-target insects; thus, their innocuity needs to be clarified. Here, we investigate, from the molecular level to the organism, the responses of a useful parasitic insect (Walker, 1836) being exposed at the pupae stage for 48 h (up to 6 days) to sublethal doses (5 µg/L and 500 µg/L) of 2-Dodecanone.

Metal pollution drives earthworm biodiversity in urban lawns.

Urban soils represent hotspots of metallic trace elements (MTEs) pollution. Despite the critical impact of soil organisms on soil ecosystem services, there is limited understanding regarding the effects of MTE levels in urban soils on these organisms. This is particularly surprising considering that earthworms, key organisms for soil ecosystems, are commonly used in MTE toxicity tests.