Experimental Investigation of Cadmium Isotope Fractionation during Adsorption on Montmorillonite and Kaolinite.

Cadmium (Cd) isotopes have recently emerged as novel tracers of Cd sources and geochemical processes. Widespread clay minerals play a key role in Cd migration due to their strong adsorption capacity, but the mechanism of Cd isotope fractionation during adsorption onto clay minerals is poorly understood. Here, we experimentally investigated the adsorption mechanisms of Cd on montmorillonite (2:1) and kaolinite (1:1) by using extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy.

Adsorption-desorption of propyrisulfuron in six typical agricultural soils of China: kinetics, thermodynamics, influence of 38 environmental factors and its mechanisms.

Propyrisulfuron, a novel sulfonylurea herbicide, effectively suppresses intracellular acetolactate synthase activity for weed control, but its adsorption behavior in the soil environment remains unclear. To assess potential agroecosystem risks, the adsorption-desorption behavior and mechanism of propyrisulfuron in six typical agricultural soils of China were investigated using a batch equilibrium method, Density Functional Theory (DFT), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and Scanning Electron Microscopy equipped with Energy Dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) techniques. It is indicated that the adsorption-desorption of propyrisulfuron in six soils reached equilibrium at 36 hours under the optimum water-to-soil ratio (WSr) of 5:1.

Missing pieces in the puzzle of ecology of microbial arsenate reduction.

Arsenic pollution and its associated health risks have raised widespread concern. Under anaerobic conditions, arsenic mobility and toxicity increase when arsenate [As(V)] is reduced to arsenite [As(III)] by microbes through the cytoplasmic and dissimilatory pathways. However, the relative importance of these two pathways in the environment remains unclear, restricting our ability to effectively predict and regulate the environmental behavior of arsenic.

Phenol-Quinone Redox Couples of Natural Organic Matter Promote Mercury Methylation in Paddy Soil.

Methylmercury in paddy soils poses threats to food security and thus human health. Redox-active phenolic and quinone moieties of natural organic matter (NOM) mediate electron transfer between microbes and mercury during mercury reduction. However, their role in mercury methylation remains elusive.

Mechanistic evaluation of enhanced graphene toxicity to Bacillus induced by humic acid adsorption.

The extensive application of graphene nanosheets (GNSs) has raised concerns over risks to sensitive species in the aquatic environment. The humic acid (HA) corona is traditionally considered to reduce GNSs toxicity. Here, we evaluate the effect of sorbed HA (GNSs-HA) on the toxicity of GNSs to Gram positive Bacillus tropicus.

Microplastics accelerate nitrification, shape the microbial community, and alter antibiotic resistance during the nitrifying process.

Microplastics (MPs) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are both emerging pollutants that are frequently detected in wastewater treatment plants. In this study, the effects of various MPs, including polyethylene (PE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA), on nitrification performance, dominant microbial communities, and antibiotic resistance during nitrification were investigated. The results revealed that the addition of MPs increased the specific ammonia oxidation rate and specific nitrate production rate by 15.

Besides traditional organophosphate esters: The ecological risks of emerging organophosphate esters in the Yangtze River basin cannot be ignored.

In addition to traditional organophosphate esters (tOPEs), emerging organophosphate esters (eOPEs) have increasingly been detected in the environment, but their risks remain unclear. This study detected 12 tOPEs and 7 eOPEs in surface water, sediment, and suspended particulate matter (SPM) samples from important aquatic habitats and drinking water sources in Yibin (YB), Yichang (YC), Shanghai (SH), and Poyang Lake (PY) within the Yangtze River basin. The total concentration of OPEs (ΣOPEs) in surface water, sediment, and SPM from these four regions were 22.

Degradation of myosmine by a novel bacterial strain Sphingopyxis sp. J-6 and its degradation pathways.

This study isolated a myosmine-degrading bacterial strain J-6 from tobacco-growing soil. The identification of this strain revealed it to be a new species within the genus Sphingopyxis. Analysis of the myosmine degradation products by HPLC, preparative HPLC, and UHPLC-MS/MS identified 8 metabolites, among which 3-pyridylacetic acid (3-PAA), 5-(3-pyridyl)tetrahydrofuranone-2 (PTHF), and 4-hydroxy-4-(3-pyridyl)butanoic acid (HPBA) were three novel metabolites that were not previously found in microbial degradation of tobacco alkaloids.

Switch-Type Electrochemiluminescence Aptasensor for AFB1 Detection Based on CoS Quantum Dots Encapsulated in Co-LDH and a Ferrocene Quencher.

Among the various aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) assays, performing accurate detection is difficult because false positives and false negatives are frequent due to limited sensitivity, expensive equipment, or inadequate pretreatment during operation. Here, an "off-on" switch-type electrochemiluminescence (ECL) aptasensor armed with cobalt-sulfur quantum dots was encapsulated in hollow cobalt-layered double hydroxide nanocages as an enhanced luminescent probe (Co-LDH@QDs), and a ferrocene-modified aptamer (Fc-APT) was used as a luminescent quencher. In general, when Fc-APT was hybridized with complementary DNA modified with a DNA nanotetrahedron, electron transfer between ferrocene and Co-LDH@QDs was facilitated, leading to efficient quenching of the ECL intensity into an "off" state in the absence of AFB1.

Advanced Mass-Spectra-Based Machine Learning for Predicting the Toxicity of Traditional Chinese Medicines.

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been a cornerstone of health care for centuries, valued for its preventive and therapeutic properties. However, recent decades have revealed significant toxicological concerns associated with TCMs due to their complex chemical compositions. Traditional QSAR (quantitative structure-activity relationships) models, which predict toxicity based on chemical structures, face challenges with the intricate nature of TCM compounds.

Long-term stability of comammox Nitrospira under weakly acidic conditions and their acid-adaptive mechanisms revealed by genome-centric metatranscriptomics.

Despite their widespread presence in acidic environments, the stability and adaptative mechanisms of complete ammonia oxidization (comammox) bacteria remain poorly understood. In this three-year study, comammox Nitrospira consistently dominated both abundance and activity in an acidic nitrifying reactor (pH = 6.3-6.

Simultaneous removal of methane and high nitrite from the wastewater by Methylomonas sp. with soluble methane monooxygenase.

Aerobic methanotrophs play a crucial role in controlling methane emission in wastewater treatment. However, the high nitrite produced during ammonium oxidation, nitrate assimilation, and denitrification hinders methane oxidation and nitrogen removal. In this study, Methylomonas sp.

New insights into interfacial dynamics and mechanisms of biochar-derived dissolved organic matter on arsenic redistribution in Schwertmannite.

Biochar is extensively utilized for the remediation of environments contaminated with heavy metals (HMs). However, its derived-dissolved organic matter (BDOM) can interact with iron oxides, which may adversely influence the retention of HMs. This study investigates the effect of BDOM derived from tobacco stalk (TS) and tobacco petiole (TP) biochar on the redistribution behavior of As(V) in acid mine drainage (AMD)-impacted environments, particularly concentrating on the interactions with Schwertmannite (Sch).

Surface functionalization of two-dimensional nanomaterials beyond graphene: Applications and ecotoxicity.

Two dimensional (2D) nanomaterials have emerged as promising candidates in nanotechnology due to their excellent physical, chemical, and electronic properties. However, they also pose challenges such as environmental instability and low biosafety. To address these issues, researchers have been exploring various surface functionalization methods to enhance the performance of 2D nanomaterials in practical applications.

Insights into chemoautotrophic traits of a prevalent bacterial phylum CSP1-3, herein .

Candidate bacterial phylum CSP1-3 has not been cultivated and is poorly understood. Here, we analyzed 112 CSP1-3 metagenome-assembled genomes and showed they are likely facultative anaerobes, with 3 of 5 families encoding autotrophy through the reductive glycine pathway (RGP), Wood-Ljungdahl pathway (WLP) or Calvin-Benson-Bassham (CBB), with hydrogen or sulfide as electron donors. Chemoautotrophic enrichments from hot spring sediments and fluorescence hybridization revealed enrichment of six CSP1-3 genera, and both transcribed genes and DNA-stable isotope probing were consistent with proposed chemoautotrophic metabolisms.

Sex Difference in Histopathological and Steroidogenesis Metabolism of Zebrafish After Exposure to Spiromesifen.

Spiromesifen (SPM) is widely used for orchard mites and white fly control. The ecotoxicological data suggested that SPM is highly toxic to fish, but the information about its toxic effect on zebrafish is still obscure. In this study, adult zebrafish were exposed to SPM for 21 days.

Evaluating the influence of alternating flooding and drainage on antimony speciation and translocation in a soil-rice system.

The quantitative evaluation of antimony (Sb) accumulation in rice has garnered significant attention due to the potential risks to human health. A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the essential nodes of Sb transfer in soil-rice system. Seven step extract results showed that during the flooding period, organic matter releasing was the primary factor contributing 14.

Photochemistry of microplastics-derived dissolved organic matter: Reactive species generation and organic pollutant degradation.

Dissolved organic matter (DOM) originating from microplastics (MPs-DOM) is increasingly recognized as a substantial component of aquatic DOM. The photochemistry of MPs-DOM, essential for understanding its environmental fate and impacts, remains largely unexplored. This study investigates the photochemical behaviors of MPs-DOM derived from two common plastics: polystyrene (PS) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC), which represent aromatic and aliphatic plastics, respectively.

Metabolomics reveals the size effect of microplastics impeding membrane synthesis in rice cells.

The global-scale production of plastics has led to a significant accumulation in the environment, and it has become a major stressor to environmental sustainability, agricultural crops, and human health. Here we report the particle size effect of polystyrene (PS, typically microplastic) on the impact on rice suspension cells. This study used PS of different particle sizes (30 nm, 200 nm, and 2 μm) in a three-day co-culture experiment, the results showed that 30 nm, 200 nm, and 2 μm PS at the same concentration (100 μg/mL) caused 4.