Strong evidence for latitudinal diversity gradient in mosses across the world.

Species richness generally decreases with increasing latitude, a biodiversity gradient that has long been considered as one of the few laws in ecology. This latitudinal diversity gradient has been observed in many major groups of organisms. In plants, the latitudinal diversity gradient has been observed in vascular plants, angiosperms, ferns, and liverworts.

Non targeted and targeted LC-MS/MS insights into the composition and concentration of atmospheric microplastics and additives: Impacts and regional changes of sandstorms in Shanghai and Hohhot, China.

Increasing dust storms impact ecosystems and human health by resuspending dust and microplastics. Plastic pollution is a major global concern. This study examines the molecular composition and concentration of atmospheric microplastics and additives in Hohhot and Shanghai, China during dust and non-dust days using non-target and target LC-MS/MS analysis with Multiple Reaction Monitoring (MRM) methodology and a self-established plastic monomers database.

Migratory herbivorous waterfowl track multiple resource waves during spring migration.

East Asian herbivorous waterfowl intensively use farmland in spring, next to their natural habitat. Accordingly, they might have expanded their migration strategy from merely tracking the green wave of newly emerging vegetation to also incorporating the availability of post-harvest agricultural seeds (here dubbed the seed wave). However, if and how waterfowl use multiple food resources to time their seasonal migration is still unknown.

Multivalent Cu sites synergistically adjust carbonaceous intermediates adsorption for electrocatalytic ethanol production.

Copper (Cu)-based catalysts show promise for electrocatalytic CO reduction (CORR) to multi-carbon alcohols, but thermodynamic constraints lead to competitive hydrocarbon (e.g., ethylene) production.

Design and synthesis of magnesium-modified copper oxide nanosheets as efficient electrocatalysts for CO reduction.

Electroreduction of carbon dioxide (CO) to multiple carbon products plays a significant role in carbon neutrality and the production of valuable chemicals. Herein, we developed a magnesium-modified copper oxide nanosheet catalyst (Mg-CuO) using a post-impregnation method. Comprehensive elemental analysis demonstrated the effective incorporation of magnesium into CuO nanosheets, resulting in a noticeable alteration of the electron density of Cu atoms.

Unraveling the role of black soldier fly larvae in chicken manure conversion: Facilitating maturation and enhancing humification.

Black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) have garnered considerable attention for their efficacy in mitigating waste management challenges. However, their potential in treating antibiotics contaminated chicken manure remains uncertain. This study investigates the physicochemical properties changes and nutrient dynamics during the composting of contaminated-chicken manure using BSFL.

The SINA1-BSD1 Module Regulates Vegetative Growth Involving Gibberellin Biosynthesis in Tomato.

In plants, vegetative growth is controlled by synergistic and/or antagonistic effects of many regulatory factors. Here, the authors demonstrate that the ubiquitin ligase seven in absentia1 (SINA1) mammalian BTF2-like transcription factors, Drosophila synapse-associated proteins, and yeast DOS2-like proteins (BSD1) function as a regulatory module to control vegetative growth in tomato via regulation of the production of plant growth hormone gibberellin (GA). SINA1 negatively regulates the protein level of BSD1 through ubiquitin-proteasome-mediated degradation, and the transgenic tomato over-expressing SINA1 (SINA1-OX) resembles the dwarfism phenotype of the BSD1-knockout (BSD1-KO) tomato plant.

Sludge bound-EPS solubilization enhance CH bioconversion and membrane fouling mitigation in electrochemical anaerobic membrane bioreactor: Insights from continuous operation and interpretable machine learning algorithms.

Bound extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) are complex, high-molecular-weight polymer mixtures that play a critical role in pore clogging, foulants adhesion, and fouling layer formation during membrane filtration, owing to their adhesive properties and gelation tendencies. In this study, a novel electrochemical anaerobic membrane bioreactor (EC-AnMBR) was constructed to investigate the effect of sludge bound-EPS solubilization on methane bioconversion and membrane fouling mitigation. During the 150-days' operation, the EC-AnMBR demonstrated remarkable performance, characterized by an exceptionally low fouling rate (transmembrane pressure (TMP) < 4.

Health Impacts of Fine Particulate Matter Shift Due to Urbanization in China.

Rapid urbanization and industrialization have resulted in diverse anthropogenic activities and emissions between urban and non-urban regions, leading to varying levels of exposure to air pollutants and associated health risks. However, endeavors to mitigate air pollution and health benefits have displayed considerable heterogeneity across different regions. Therefore, comprehending the changes in air pollutant concentrations and health impacts within an urbanization context is imperative for promoting environmental equity.

Unraveling Spatially Diverse and Interactive Regulatory Mechanisms of Wetland Methane Fluxes to Improve Emission Estimation.

Methane fluxes (FCH) vary significantly across wetland ecosystems due to complex mechanisms, challenging accurate estimations. The interactions among environmental drivers, while crucial in regulating FCH, have not been well understood. Here, the interactive effects of six environmental drivers on FCH were first analyzed using 396,322 half-hourly measurements from 22 sites across various wetland types and climate zones.

Which works better? Comparing the multiple effects of heterogeneous environmental regulations on urban green economic transformation in China.

The coordination of heterogeneous environmental regulations (HER) is crucial for promoting regional green synergistic development. The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of various heterogeneous environmental regulations (HER) on the green economic transformation (GET) of cities in China. We developed a comprehensive index system to measure the GET across three dimensions: the level of economic green development, the capacity for resource and environmental support, and the level of support for green transformation.

Genetic Screening of Factors in the Plant Protein Secretion.

The endomembrane system in plants is composed of interconnected membrane organelles that contribute to intracellular structure and function. These organelles include the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), Golgi apparatus, vacuole, trans-Golgi network, and prevacuolar compartment or multivesicular body. Through vesicle-mediated transport, secreted proteins are synthesized in the ER and subsequently transported along the secretory pathway to the vacuole or outside of cells to fulfill specialized functions.

Diminishing warming effects on plant phenology over time.

Plant phenology, the timing of recurrent biological events, shows key and complex response to climate warming, with consequences for ecosystem functions and services. A key challenge for predicting plant phenology under future climates is to determine whether the phenological changes will persist with more intensive and long-term warming. Here, we conducted a meta-analysis of 103 experimental warming studies around the globe to investigate the responses of four phenophases - leaf-out, first flowering, last flowering, and leaf coloring.

Chemical characterization and influencing factors of gaseous and particulate components in cooking oil fume (COF) from traditional Chinese dishes: Insights from high-resolution mass spectrometry.

Cooking oil fumes (COF) are known to emit a wide range of organic compounds with significant impacts on human health and urban air quality. This study used HPLC-QToF-MS and Vocus PTR-TOF to explore the chemical constituents and influencing factors of the COF generated from eight typical Chinese dishes representing different areas in a laboratory kitchen. The results revealed that both CHO and CHON compounds exhibited strong reducibility and saturability, with CHO compounds being the dominant and CHON compounds showing greater diversity.

Ultra-small CuO/GDYO nanozyme with boosting peroxidase-like activity via electrochemical strategy: Toward applicable colorimetric detection of organophosphate pesticides.

In this paper, an ultra-small-sized CuO/GDYO nanozyme in situ grown on ITO glass was rationally synthesized from mixed precursors of graphdiyne oxide (GDYO) and copper based infinite coordination polymer (Cu-ICP, consisting of Cu ions and two organic ligands 3,5-di-tert-butylcatechol and 1,4-bis(imidazole-1-ylmethyl)benzene) via mild and simple electrochemical strategy. On one hand, the preferential electro-reduction of Cu-ICP enabled the formation of ultra-small CuO with Cu(I) as the main component and avoided the loss of oxygen-containing functional groups and defects on the surface of GDYO; on the other hand, GDYO can also serve as electroless reductive species to facilitate the electrochemical deposition of CuO and turn itself to a higher oxidation state with more exposed functional groups and defects. This one-stone-two-birds electrochemical strategy empowered CuO/GDYO nanozyme with superior peroxidase-mimicking activity and robust anchoring stability on ITO glass, thus enabled further exploration of the portable device with availability for point-of-use applications.

Resolve the species-specific effects of iron (hydr)oxides on the performance of underlying zerovalent iron for metalloid removal: Identification of their key properties.

Despite the importance of surface iron (hydr)oxides (Fe-(hydr)oxides) for the decontamination performance of zerovalent iron (ZVI) -based technologies has been well recognized, controversial understandings of their exact roles still exist due to the complex species distribution of Fe-(hydr)oxides. Herein, we re-structured the surface of ZVI using eight distinct Fe-(hydr)oxides and analyzed their species-specific effects on the performance of ZVI for Se(IV) under well-controlled conditions. The kinetics-relevant performance indicators (Se(IV) removal rates, Fe release rates, and the utilization ratio of ZVI) under the effect of each Fe-(hydr)oxide roughly followed the order: δ-FeOOH > FeHO·4HO > α-FeOOH > β-FeOOH > γ-FeOOH > γ-FeO > FeO > α-FeO.

Design and Synthesis of Sb-Doped CuS@C Hollow Nanocubes as Efficient Anode Materials for Sodium-Ion Battery.

Copper sulfide has received widespread attention for application as anode materials in sodium-ion batteries due to their potent capabilitiess and eco-friendly properties. However, it is a challenge to achieve a high rate capability and long cycle stability owing to the heterogeneous transfer of sodium ions during charge-discharge, the interior poor electron conductivity and repeated volumetric expansion of copper sulfide. In this study, Sb-doped copper sulfide hollow nanocubes coated with carbon shells (Sb-CuS@C) was designed and constructed as anode nanomaterials in sodium-ion batteries.

Membrane-Free Electrocatalytic Co-Conversions of PBS Waste Plastics and Maleic Acid into High-Purity Succinic Acid Solid.

Plastic pollution, an increasingly serious global problem, can be addressed through the full lifecycle management of plastics, including plastics recycling as one of the most promising approaches. System design, catalyst development, and product separation are the keys in improving the economics of electrocatalytic plastics recycling. Here, a membrane-free co-production system was devised to produce succinic acid (SA) at both anode and cathode respectively by the co-electrolysis of polybutylene succinate (PBS) waste plastics and biomass-derived maleic acid (MA) for the first time.

Carrier effects of face mask-derived microplastics on metal ions: Enhanced adsorption by photoaging combined with biofilms, exemplified with Pb(Ⅱ).

Face masks have emerged as a significant source of microplastics (MPs) under the influence of biotic and abiotic interactions. However, the combined effects of abiotic photoaging and biofilm-loading on mask-derived MPs as carriers of metal ions are not clear. We investigated the Pb(Ⅱ) adsorption onto polypropylene (PP) and polyurethane (PU) mask-derived MPs treated by photoaging, biofilm-loading, and both combinations, evaluating the composite risks.

The transmission line foreign body detection algorithm based on weighted spatial attention.

Introduction: The secure operation of electric power transmission lines is essential for the economy and society. However, external factors such as plastic film and kites can cause damage to the lines, potentially leading to power outages. Traditional detection methods are inefficient, and the accuracy of automated systems is limited in complex background environments.

Global estimates of ambient NO concentrations and long-term health effects during 2000-2019.

High concentrations of ambient NO causes serious air pollution and could also pose great threats to human health. However, the long-term trends (20-year) and potential health effects of ambient NO exposure globally still shows high uncertainties. In this work, the field measurements, satellite dataset, GEOS-Chem output, and multiple geographical covariates were incorporated into the multi-stage model to investigate the global evolutions of ambient NO during 2000-2019.