Structural integrity of the insula and emotional facial recognition performance following stroke.

The role of the human insula in facial emotion recognition is controversially discussed, especially in relation to lesion-location-dependent impairment following stroke. In addition, structural connectivity quantification of important white-matter tracts that link the insula to impairments in facial emotion recognition has not been investigated. In a case-control study, we investigated a group of 29 stroke patients in the chronic stage and 14 healthy age- and gender-matched controls.

Reference values and influencing factors of the glenohumeral subluxation index: a study on 3004 participants.

Background: The primary objective of this study was to examine the glenohumeral subluxation index (GHSI) in a large general population cohort and to define reference values. Glenohumeral subluxation is important in the development and prediction of pathological states of the shoulder joint and in total shoulder arthroplasty. Therefore, another objective was to examine the influence of age, sex, body mass index, and body height and weight on GHSI.

Analysis of volume and topography of adipose tissue in the trunk: Results of MRI of 11,141 participants in the German National Cohort.

This research addresses the assessment of adipose tissue (AT) and spatial distribution of visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous fat (SAT) in the trunk from standardized magnetic resonance imaging at 3 T, thereby demonstrating the feasibility of deep learning (DL)-based image segmentation in a large population-based cohort in Germany (five sites). Volume and distribution of AT play an essential role in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance, a risk factor of developing metabolic/cardiovascular diseases. Cross-validated training of the DL-segmentation model led to a mean Dice similarity coefficient of >0.

Sphingosine-1-phosphate levels are inversely associated with left ventricular and atrial chamber volume and cardiac mass in men : The Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP).

Aims: Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a signaling lipid, which is involved in several cellular processes including cell growth, proliferation, migration and apoptosis. The associations of serum S1P levels with cardiac geometry and function are still not clear. We investigated the associations of S1P with cardiac structure and systolic function in a population-based sample.

Advanced multimodal imaging of solid thyroid lesions with artificial intelligence-optimized B-mode, elastography, and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography parametric and with perfusion imaging: Initial results.

 Goal of the study was the assessment of AI-assisted diagnosis of solid thyroid foci with multimodal modern ultrasound imaging. 50 patients (26-81 years, 54.7±13.

Ex Vivo Visualization of Distribution of Intravitreal Injections in the Porcine Vitreous and Hydrogels Simulating the Vitreous.

The characterization of intravitreal dosage forms with regard to their behavior in vivo is usually explored in preclinical development through animal studies. In vitro vitreous substitutes (VS) to simulate the vitreous body for preclinical investigations have so far been insufficiently studied. To determine a distribution or concentration in the mostly gel-like VS, extraction of the gels is required in many cases.

Modulation of bodily response to chill stimuli by impaired structural connectivity of the left insula: a functional and lesion quantification study in stroke patients.

Background And Purpose: The insula has important functions in monitoring and integrating physiological responses to a personal experience of multimodal input. The experience of chills in response to auditory stimuli is an important example for a relevant arousing experience coupled with bodily response. A group study about altered chill experiences in patients with insula lesions is lacking.

Definition of age-dependent reference values for the diameter of the common bile duct and pancreatic duct on MRCP: a population-based, cross-sectional cohort study.

Objective: Changes of the pancreaticobiliary ducts herald disease. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) allows accurate duct visualisation. Data on reliable upper reference ranges are missing.

Interhemispheric parietal cortex connectivity reflects improvement in post-stroke spasticity due to treatment with botulinum toxin-A.

In post-stroke spasticity (PSS), effective treatment with botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) is associated with transient decrease in activation of the ipsilesional superior parietal lobule (SPL) and intraparietal sulcus (IPS). We hypothesized that this would be reflected in changes in resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) of the SPL/IPS. Our aim was therefore to assess rsFC of the ipsilesional SPL/IPS in chronic stroke patients with hemiparesis both with and without PSS and to explore the relationship between SPL/IPS rsFC and PSS severity.

Current aspects of multimodal ultrasound liver diagnostics using contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS), fat evaluation, fibrosis assessment, and perfusion analysis - An update.

Current ultrasound multifrequency probes allow both improved detail resolution and depth of penetration when examining the liver. Also, new developments in vascular diagnostics, elastography with fibrosis assessment, evaluation of possible steatosis, and parametric and time intensity curve (TIC) analysis of dynamic microvascularization of the liver with contrast-enhanced ultrasound sonography (CEUS) complement ultrasound-guided diagnostics. State-of-the-art high-resolution technology includes a high frame rate (HiFR) mode for CEUS, fast shear wave measurements with the sound touch quantify (STQ) mode, artifact-free flow detection using HR flow and glazing flow in combination with a special flow-adapted imaging (Ultra Micro Angiography, UMA) and additionally different assessments of possible fatty liver (UltraSound ATtenuation Imaging Technology, USAT).

Better Together: Data Harmonization and Cross-Study Analysis of Abdominal MRI Data From UK Biobank and the German National Cohort.

Objectives: The UK Biobank (UKBB) and German National Cohort (NAKO) are among the largest cohort studies, capturing a wide range of health-related data from the general population, including comprehensive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate how MRI data from these large-scale studies can be jointly analyzed and to derive comprehensive quantitative image-based phenotypes across the general adult population.

Materials And Methods: Image-derived features of abdominal organs (volumes of liver, spleen, kidneys, and pancreas; volumes of kidney hilum adipose tissue; and fat fractions of liver and pancreas) were extracted from T1-weighted Dixon MRI data of 17,996 participants of UKBB and NAKO based on quality-controlled deep learning generated organ segmentations.

Common neural correlates of vestibular stimulation and fear learning: an fMRI meta-analysis.

Background: A bidirectional functional link between vestibular and fear-related disorders has been previously suggested.

Objective: To test a potential overlap of vestibular and fear systems with regard to their brain imaging representation maps.

Methods: By use of voxel-based mapping permutation of subject images, we conducted a meta-analysis of earlier functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies applying vestibular stimulation and fear conditioning in healthy volunteers.

In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of Carbopol 71G NF-Based Mucoadhesive Minitablets as a Gastroretentive Dosage Form.

Gastroretentive dosage forms are intended to stay inside the stomach for a long period of time while releasing an active pharmaceutical ingredient. Such systems may offer significant benefits for numerous drugs compared to other sustained release systems, such as improved pharmacokinetics/bioavailability and reduced intake frequency and thereby improved adherence to the medical therapy. However, there is no gastroretentive product on the market with proven reliable gastroretentive properties in humans.

Gene Expression and Its Missense Variant rs3747742 Associate with White Matter Hyperintensity Volume and Alzheimer's Disease-Related Brain Atrophy in the General Population.

Although the common pathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and white matter hyperintensities (WMH) is disputed, the gene has been implicated in both conditions: its whole-blood gene expression was associated with WMH volume and its missense variant rs3747742 with AD risk. We re-examined those associations within one comprehensive dataset of the general population, additionally searched for cross-relations and illuminated the role of the apolipoprotein E () ε4 status in the associations. For our linear regression and linear mixed effect models, we used 1949 participants from the Study of Health in Pomerania (Germany).

Systematic analysis of changes in radiomics features during dynamic breast-MRI: Evaluation of specific biomarkers.

Objectives: In this retrospective, single-center study we investigate the changes of radiomics features during dynamic breast-MRI for healthy tissue compared to benign and malignant lesions.

Methods: 60 patients underwent breast-MRI using a dynamic 3D gradient-echo sequence. Changes of 34 texture features (TF) in 30 benign and 30 malignant lesions were calculated for 5 dynamic datasets and corresponding 4 subtraction datasets.

Population Based Average Parotid Gland Volume and Prevalence of Incidental Tumors in T1-MRI.

Representative epidemiologic data on the average volume of the parotid gland in a large population-based MRI survey is non-existent. Within the Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP), we examined the parotid gland in 1725 non-contrast MRI-scans in T1 weighted sequence of axial layers. Thus, a reliable standard operating procedure (Intraclass Correlation Coefficient > 0.

The relationship between structural analysis of the hand and clinical characteristics in psoriatic arthritis.

Up to now, there is only limited information available on a possible relationship between clinical characteristics and the mineralization of metacarpal bones and finger joint space distance (JSD) in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Computerized digital imaging techniques like digital X-ray radiogrammetry (DXR) and computer-aided joint space analysis (CAJSA) have significantly improved the structural analysis of hand radiographs and facilitate the recognition of radiographic damage. The objective of this study was to evaluate clinical features which potentially influence periarticular mineralization of the metacarpal bones and finger JSD in PsA-patients.

Automated imaging-based abdominal organ segmentation and quality control in 20,000 participants of the UK Biobank and German National Cohort Studies.

Large epidemiological studies such as the UK Biobank (UKBB) or German National Cohort (NAKO) provide unprecedented health-related data of the general population aiming to better understand determinants of health and disease. As part of these studies, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is performed in a subset of participants allowing for phenotypical and functional characterization of different organ systems. Due to the large amount of imaging data, automated image analysis is required, which can be performed using deep learning methods, e.

Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Service in Sparsely Populated Western Pomerania.

The German Consortium Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer (GC-HBOC) consists of 23 academic centers striving to provide high-quality regional care for affected individuals and healthy at-risk family members. According to the standard operating procedures defined by the GC-HBOC, a Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer Center was implemented at the University Medicine Greifswald over a four-year period from 2018 to 2021, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. Genetic analyses were performed in a total of 658 individuals, including 41 males, which paved the way to local annual risk-adapted breast cancer surveillance for 91 women and prophylactic surgery for 34 women in 2021.

Determinants of Perivascular Spaces in the General Population: A Pooled Cohort Analysis of Individual Participant Data.

Background And Objectives: Perivascular spaces (PVS) are emerging markers of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD), but research on their determinants has been hampered by conflicting results from small single studies using heterogeneous rating methods. In this study, we therefore aimed to identify determinants of PVS burden in a pooled analysis of multiple cohort studies using 1 harmonized PVS rating method.

Methods: Individuals from 10 population-based cohort studies with adult participants from the Uniform Neuro-Imaging of Virchow-Robin Spaces Enlargement consortium and the UK Biobank were included.

Multiparametric Sonographic Imaging of Thyroid Lesions: Chances of B-Mode, Elastography and CEUS in Relation to Preoperative Histopathology.

Background: The aim was to improve preoperative diagnostics of solid non-cystic thyroid lesions by using new high-performance multiparametric ultrasound examination techniques.

Methods: Multiparametric ultrasound consists of B-mode, shear-wave elastography and contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) including Time-Intensity-Curve (TIC) analysis. A bolus of 1-2.

Associations of Pulmonary Function with MRI Brain Volumes: A Coordinated Multi-Study Analysis.

Background: Previous studies suggest poor pulmonary function is associated with increased burden of cerebral white matter hyperintensities and brain atrophy among elderly individuals, but the results are inconsistent.

Objective: To study the cross-sectional associations of pulmonary function with structural brain variables.

Methods: Data from six large community-based samples (N = 11,091) were analyzed.