4,008 results match your criteria: "Institute of Cytology and Genetics[Affiliation]"

Generation of INS-jGCaMP7f knock-in Ca reporter human embryonic stem cell line, GZLe001-C, using CRISPR/Cas9-based gene targeting.

Stem Cell Res

December 2024

Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou 510005, China; School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510180, China; Bioland Laboratory, Guangzhou 510005, China.

As a member of the single-fluorophore genetically encoded calcium indicators (GECIs), jGCaMP7f is widely applied to investigate intracellular Ca concentrations. Here, we established an INS-jGCaMP7f knock-in H1 human embryonic stem cell (hESC) line by integrating jGCaMP7f gene into insulin locus via CRISPR/Cas9 system. The reporter cell line not only effectively labelled the insulin-producing cells induced from hESC, but also reflected the cytosolic change of Ca level in response to different stimuli.

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[Recombinant VLP Vaccines Synthesized in Plant Expression Systems: Current Updates and Prospects].

Mol Biol (Mosk)

December 2024

Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia.

The development and creation of a new generation vaccines based on recombinant proteins that assemble into virus-like particles (VLPs), as well as recombinant proteins in the form of nanoparticles, are promising directions in modern biotechnology. Due to their large size (20-200 nm) and multiplicity of viral antigenic determinants on the surface, VLPs can stimulate strong humoral and cellular immune responses. The main types of VLPs, as well as the features and disadvantages of the main expression systems used for their biosynthesis, are considered in this review.

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AthRiboNC: an Arabidopsis database for ncRNAs with coding potential revealed from ribosome profiling.

Database (Oxford)

December 2024

Department of Bioinformatics, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are traditionally considered incapable of encoding proteins, but new evidence suggests that small open reading frames (sORFs) within ncRNAs can actually encode biologically functional small peptides. Despite growing recognition of their importance, a systematic exploration of plant ncRNAs with coding potential has remained largely uncharted territory, especially in the context of their translational activities. By collecting and analyzing Ribo-Seq data from 226 Arabidopsis thaliana samples, we have integrated extensive information on Arabidopsis ncRNAs with coding potential and developed the AthRiboNC database, a novel and dedicated database that consolidates extensive information on ncRNAs with coding potential in Arabidopsis.

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The thraustochytrids are a group of marine protists known for their significant ecological roles as decomposers and parasites as well as for their potential biotechnological applications, yet their evolutionary and structural diversity remains poorly understood. Our review critically examines the phylogeny of this taxa, utilizing available up-to-date knowledge and their taxonomic classifications. Additionally, advanced imaging techniques, including electron microscopy, are employed to explore the ultrastructural characteristics of these organisms, revealing key features that contribute to their adaptive capabilities in varying marine environments.

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In barley having adherent hulls, an irreversible connection between the pericarp with both palea and lemma is formed during grain maturation. A mutation in the () gene prevents this connection and leads to the formation of barley with non-adherent hulls. A genetic model of two isogenic lines was used to elucidate the genetic mechanisms of hull adhesion: a doubled haploid line having adherent hulls and its derivative with non-adherent hulls obtained by targeted mutagenesis of the gene.

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The clinical significance of numerous cardiovascular gene variants remains to be determined. CRISPR/Cas9 allows for the introduction and/or correction of a certain variant in induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). The resulting isogenic iPSC lines can be differentiated into cardiomyocytes and used as a platform to assess the pathogenicity of the variant.

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Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is the most common form of glaucoma. This condition leads to optic nerve degeneration and eventually to blindness. Tobacco smoking, alcohol consumption, fast-food diets, obesity, heavy weight lifting, high-intensity physical exercises, and many other bad habits are lifestyle-related risk factors for POAG.

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Blue barley grain pigmentation results from anthocyanin accumulation in the aleurone layer. Anthocyanins are known for their beneficial effects on human health. The gene encoding the MYELOCYTOMATOSIS 2 (MYC2) transcription factor is potentially responsible for the blue coloration of the aleurone.

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Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases 1 and 2 (PARP1 and PARP2) play a key role in DNA repair. As major sensors of DNA damage, they are activated to produce poly(ADP-ribose). PARP1/PARP2 inhibitors have emerged as effective drugs for the treatment of cancers with BRCA deficiencies.

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A Novel Polymer Film to Develop Heart Valve Prostheses.

Polymers (Basel)

November 2024

Icon Lab Gmbh Ltd., 1 Barrikad St., Nizhny Novgorod 603003, Russia.

Polymer heart valves are a promising alternative to bioprostheses, the use of which is limited by the risks of calcific deterioration of devitalized preserved animal tissues. This is especially relevant in connection with the increasingly widespread use of transcatheter valves. Advances in modern organic chemistry provide a wide range of polymers that can replace biological material in the production of valve prostheses.

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Increasing evidence on the adverse health impacts of microplastics (MPs) is available, but their associated risks to the well-being of humans and long-term impacts are poorly understood. An indicator of the remote effects of MPs may be their influence on the rate of aging. To assess the effects of MPs on the aging process, we used accelerated senescence OXYS rats that develop a complex of geriatric diseases.

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The use of biological plant protection products is promising for agriculture. In particular, chitosan-based biopesticides have become widespread for stimulating growth and protecting plants from a wide range of pathogens. Novochizol is a product obtained by intramolecular cross-linking of linear chitosan molecules and has a globular shape, which provides it with a number of advantages over chitosan.

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Could Be a Promising Marker for Preoperative Diagnosis of High-Grade Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma?

Diagnostics (Basel)

November 2024

Department of the Structure and Function of Chromosomes, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.

Background/objectives: A modern classification distinguishes between two nosological entities posing an intermediate risk between differentiated and anaplastic carcinoma: poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma and differentiated high-grade thyroid carcinoma. There are currently few studies searching for the preoperative molecular genetic markers of high-grade papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC HG), primarily because of a recent WHO reclassification and singling out of a separate entity: high-grade follicular cell-derived nonanaplastic thyroid carcinoma. Therefore, this work was aimed at identifying PTC HG-specific microRNAs and mRNAs that reliably distinguish them from differentiated papillary thyroid carcinoma in preoperative cytology specimens (fine-needle aspiration biopsies).

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Protein deficiency in the diet during pregnancy and lactation has a serious impact on the offspring by programming a predisposition to such serious diseases as hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus. In our study, we examined liver ultrastructure of rat pups at ages 2, 21, and 40 days with maternal protein deficiency. Body weight of the pups progressively lagged behind the control throughout the experiment, and the timing of eye opening indicated a slowdown of development.

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EHMT2 as a Candidate Gene for an Autosomal Recessive Neurodevelopmental Syndrome.

Mol Neurobiol

December 2024

Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Biosciences, Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.

Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD) comprise clinical conditions with high genetic heterogeneity and a notable enrichment of genes involved in regulating chromatin structure and function. The EHMT1/2 epigenetic complex plays a crucial role in repression of gene transcription in a highly tissue- and temporal-specific manner. Mutations resulting in heterozygous loss-of-function (LoF) of EHMT1 are implicated in Kleefstra syndrome 1 (KS1).

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Background: Epidemiologically important food-borne trematodes Opisthorchis viverrini and Clonorchis sinensis are recognized as biological carcinogens of Group 1A, while Opisthorchis felineus is in Group 3 as noncarcinogenic to humans. Mechanisms of the biological carcinogenesis are still elusive. Some studies highlight chronic inflammation as a key factor and common pathway for cancer initiation and progression.

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The improvement of phenotyping methods is necessary for large-scale screening studies of wheat ( L.) drought tolerance. The objective of our research was to find out whether it is possible to use chlorophyll (Chl) fluorescence parameters instead of biochemical indicators of drought tolerance when screening wheat.

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Multivariate pattern analysis has revolutionized the field of neuroimaging. Many hope it will help elucidate how mental states are encoded in brain activity, though others caution that such optimism may be premature. In this study, we sought to identify an fMRI-based signature of a relatively simple but basic feeling of recognizing one's own face (SFRS), and to examine its properties.

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Article Synopsis
  • Sibling species within bloodsucking black flies complicate the assessment of biodiversity and the species' roles in spreading pathogens, prompting research on molecular genetic structures of Simulium reptans in Russia and Northern Kazakhstan.
  • Genetic analysis revealed distinct mitochondrial DNA variants, identifying two forms: S. reptans A in Northern Europe and S. reptans B in Siberia and Northern Kazakhstan, along with three branches of S. reptans B based on geographic distribution.
  • The study suggests the need for further research in mountainous regions of Eurasia to better understand the ecological adaptations and distribution of these black fly forms.
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Article Synopsis
  • * In hamster models, researchers found that liver damage varied by species, with O. viverrini linked to a specific type of cancer and O. felineus and C. sinensis causing similar liver fibrosis.
  • * A significant correlation was identified between liver and kidney damage, suggesting a connection in the disease progression caused by these parasites. Future research is encouraged to understand serious complications and the role of other factors in liver fluke-related carcinogenesis
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Article Synopsis
  • BDNF (Brain-derived neurotrophic factor) is vital for nerve cell growth and survival, with forms that bind to different receptors affecting brain development, especially during the neonatal period.
  • Disruptions in BDNF levels during this critical time can lead to long-term behavioral issues, including increased anxiety and depression in adolescents.
  • The study found that elevated levels of mature BDNF contributed to these behaviors, while mutant BDNF led to opposite transcriptional changes, suggesting a significant link between BDNF variations and the development of neurobehavioral disorders.
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DNA aptamer-based sensitive electrochemical biosensor for NAD(H) detection.

Biosens Bioelectron

November 2024

Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China; Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China; Institute of Molecular Medicine (IMM), Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China. Electronic address:

Article Synopsis
  • NAD(H) is crucial for cellular metabolism, and accurately measuring it helps understand biological processes and diseases.
  • Researchers developed an electrochemical biosensor using a specific aptamer (NAD3-1a) that can accurately detect NAD(H) at low concentrations with great sensitivity and stability.
  • The biosensor revealed significant differences in NAD(H) levels between normal cells and tumor cells, as well as a decrease in aged mice, showing its potential for studying metabolic changes in health and disease.
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Here, we describe (1) the AlphaFold-based structural modeling approach to identify amino acids of the photoprotein berovin that are crucial for coelenterazine binding, and (2) the production and characterization of berovin mutants with substitutions of the identified residues regarding their effects on the ability to form an active photoprotein under physiological conditions and stability to light irradiation. The combination of mutations K90M, N107S, and W103F is demonstrated to cause a shift of optimal conditions for the conversion of apo-berovin into active photoprotein towards near-neutral pH and low ionic strength, and to reduce the sensitivity of active berovin to light. According to the berovin spatial structure model, these residues are found in close proximity to the 6-(-hydroxy)-phenyl group of the coelenterazine peroxyanion.

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Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can be generated from various adult cells, genetically modified and differentiated into diverse cell populations. Type I interferons (IFN-Is) have multiple immunotherapeutic applications; however, their systemic administration can lead to severe adverse outcomes. One way of overcoming the limitation is to introduce cells able to enter the site of pathology and to produce IFN-Is locally.

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