Hyperspectral imaging of lipids in biological tissues using near-infrared and shortwave infrared transmission mode: A pilot study.

Label-free hyperspectral imaging (HSI) of lipids was demonstrated in the near-infrared (NIR) and shortwave infrared (SWIR) regions (950-1800 nm) using porcine tissue. HSI was performed in the transmission light-pass configuration, using a NIR-SWIR camera coupled with a liquid crystal tunable filter. The transmittance spectra of the regions of interest (ROIs), which correspond to the lipid and muscle areas in the specimen, were utilized for the spectrum unmixing.

Modeling the interaction between donor-derived regulatory T cells and effector T cells early after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

While allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is a potential curative therapy against hematological malignancies, modulation of donor T cell alloreactivity is required to enhance the graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effect and control graft-versus-host-disease (GVHD) after allo-HSCT. Donor-derived regulatory CD4CD25Foxp3 T cells (Tregs) play a central role in establishing of immune tolerance after allo-HSCT. They could be a key target to be modulated for increasing the GVL effect and control of GVHD.

Prevalence of Anemia and Iron Deficiency in Women of Reproductive Age in Cuba and Associated Factors.

This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of anemia and iron deficiency in women of reproductive age and the association with inflammation, global overweight, adiposity, and menorrhagia. A sample design of women of reproductive age from the Eastern, Central, and Havana Regions was carried out. Biochemical determinations of hemoglobin, serum ferritin, soluble transferrin receptors, leukocytes, C-reactive protein, alpha-1 acid glycoprotein, and homocysteine were performed.

BIOMAGNETISM OF DRUG-SENSITIVE AND DRUG-RESISTANT MALIGNANT TUMORS AFTER INJECTION OF FERROMAGNETIC NANOCOMPOSITE.

Unlabelled: Magnetic signals emitted by living organisms, regardless of a biological species, are important biophysical indicators. The study of these indicators is very relevant and promising for the visualization of the tumor process and the development of technologies using artificial intelligence when it comes to malignant neoplasms, particularly resistant to chemotherapy.

Aim: To measure magnetic signals from transplantable rat tumors and their counterparts resistant to cytostatics for evaluating the features of the accumulation of iron-containing nanocomposite Ferroplat.

On the gene expression landscape of cancer.

Kauffman picture of normal and tumor states as attractors in an abstract state space is used in order to interpret gene expression data for 15 cancer localizations obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas. A principal component analysis of this data unveils the following qualitative aspects about tumors: 1) The state of a tissue in gene expression space can be described by a few variables. In particular, there is a single variable describing the progression from a normal tissue to a tumor.

Synthesis and Characterization of Citric Acid-Modified Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Prepared with Electrohydraulic Discharge Treatment.

Chemical co-precipitation from ferrous and ferric salts at a 1:1.9 stoichiometric ratio in NHOH base with ultrasonication (sonolysis) in a low vacuum environment has been used for obtaining colloidal suspensions of FeO nanoparticles coated with citric acid. Before coating, the nanoparticles were processed by electrohydraulic discharges with a high discharge current (several tens of amperes) in a water medium using a pulsed direct current.

Information Technology for a Proctor to Detect Violations during the Exam.

This article discusses the current problem of cheating students of higher educational institutions during the exam. The subject area is investigated, and the results of theoretical and empirical research on cheating as one of the forms of academic fraud are presented. Statistical data of violations during the exam are shown, and the main patterns of violations during distance learning are revealed.

Application of the Robust Methods for Estimation of Distribution Parameters with a Priori Constraints on Parameters in Economics and Engineering.

The approach to estimating distribution parameters with a priori constraints has been developed. The Lorentz six-sector model has been constructed. Based on this model, the authors have studied the relationships between food, energy, water resources, supply systems, epidemic, and social situations.

Estimating the number of available states for normal and tumor tissues in gene expression space.

The topology of gene expression space for a set of 12 cancer types is studied by means of an entropy-like magnitude, which measures the volumes of the regions occupied by tumor and normal samples, i.e., the number of available states (genotypes) that can be classified as tumor-like or normal-like, respectively.

Intelligent Decision-Support System for Epidemiological Diagnostics. II. Information Technologies Development, .

The article projects the components of the intelligent decision support system for epidemiological diagnostics and investigates their interaction with the user. The system includes a bank of models and machine learning methods, a bank of population dynamics models, visualization and reporting tools, and management decision-making unit. The concept of information technology to ensure biosafety of the population is provided.

Components of Oranta-AO software expert system for innovative application of blood pressure monitors.

The authors developed and substantiated the original methods of arterial oscillography, which were implemented in the developed Oranta-AO information system. The methods of application to the arterial oscillogram registered at measurement of arterial pressure gives the possibility to carry out the supplementary systematic assessment of health, functional state of cardiovascular system, its reserve possibilities etc. The authors also developed an Expert System (based on machine-learning methods) for the differential diagnosis of risks of heart, lung, mental illness and prognosis of some blood parameters.

Optimal Vaccination Strategy in the Stochastic Epidemic Limited-Treatment Model.

The author analyzes the stochastic SIR epidemic model with vaccination and limited treatment. A method for obtaining the optimal vaccination strategy that minimizes the cost functional is proposed.

Intelligent Decision-Support System for Epidemiological Diagnostics. I. A Concept of Architecture Design.

The problems of decision support for epidemiological diagnostics are investigated. The basis for supporting decision-making is mathematical tools for analyzing morbidity data, as well as modeling of epidemic processes. The current state of research in this area is analyzed.

Safety and immunogenicity of the FINLAY-FR-1A vaccine in COVID-19 convalescent participants: an open-label phase 2a and double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 2b, seamless, clinical trial.

Background: A phase 1, clinical trial to evaluate FINLAY-FR-1A vaccine in COVID-19 convalescent individuals was completed. Here, we report results of the phase 2, clinical trial.

Methods: We studied 450 convalescent participants with a history of asymptomatic, mild, or moderate COVID-19 at the National Institute of Hematology and Immunology and the National Centre for Sexual Education in Havana, Cuba.

Safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of a SARS-CoV-2 recombinant spike RBD protein vaccine: A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 1-2 clinical trial (ABDALA Study).

Background: Multiple vaccine candidates against COVID-19 are currently being evaluated. We evaluate the safety and immunogenicity protein of a novel SARS-CoV-2 virus receptor-binding domain (RBD) vaccine.

Methods: A phase 1-2, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was carried out in "Saturnino Lora" Hospital, Santiago de Cuba, Cuba.

A COVID-19 vaccine candidate composed of the SARS-CoV-2 RBD dimer and outer membrane vesicles.

SARS-CoV-2 infection is mediated by the interaction of the spike glycoprotein trimer its receptor-binding domain (RBD) with the host's cellular receptor. Vaccines seek to block this interaction by eliciting neutralizing antibodies, most of which are directed toward the RBD. Many protein subunit vaccines require powerful adjuvants to generate a potent antibody response.

A one-dimensional parameter-free model for carcinogenesis in gene expression space.

A small portion of a tissue defines a microstate in gene expression space. Mutations, epigenetic events or external factors cause microstate displacements which are modeled by combining small independent gene expression variations and large Levy jumps, resulting from the collective variations of a set of genes. The risk of cancer in a tissue is estimated as the microstate probability to transit from the normal to the tumor region in gene expression space.

A randomized, double-blind phase I clinical trial of two recombinant dimeric RBD COVID-19 vaccine candidates: Safety, reactogenicity and immunogenicity.

Background: The Receptor Binding Domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein is the target for many COVID-19 vaccines. Here we report results for phase I clinical trial of two COVID-19 vaccine candidates based on recombinant dimeric RBD (d-RBD).

Methods: We performed a randomized, double-blind, phase I clinical trial in the National Centre of Toxicology in Havana.

Substantiating the Diffusion Model of Innovation Implementation and its Application to Vaccine Propagation.

The paper examines prerequisites and assumptions of the classical Bass innovation diffusion model with the aim of applying it in modeling of relevant stochastic processes related to the pandemic. The Bass model has proven its versatility and applicability to various environments. A thorough mathematical substantiation of the model properties is presented based on theories of evolutionary equations and stochastic processes for its further development, as well as search for uncertainty parameters and observable variables.

Stochastic Models in the Problems of Predicting the Epidemiological Situation.

The paper investigates some stochastic models with discrete and continuous time to solve important problems of predicting the spread of epidemiological diseases in the population. Various factors of epidemic spread and the main parameters influencing the forecast assessment are taken into account. Some test calculations based on the proposed methods have been performed.

Multistage Classification of Current Density Distribution Maps of Various Heart States Based on Correlation Analysis and k-NN Algorithm.

Magnetocardiography is a modern method of registration of the magnetic component of electromagnetic field, generated by heart activity. Magnetocardiography results are a useful source for the diagnosis of various heart diseases and states, but their usage is still undervalued in the cardiology community. In this study, a two-stage classification by correlation analysis using a k-Nearest Neighbor (k-NN) algorithm is applied for the binary classification of myocardium current density distribution maps (CDDMs).

SARS-CoV-2: theoretical analysis of the proposed algorithms to the enhancement and segmentation of high-resolution microscopy images-Part II.

Today is a reality that the novel coronavirus SARS-Cov-2 has become a global pandemic. For this reason, the study of real microscopic images of this coronavirus is of great importance, as it allows us to carry out a more precise research on it. However, as we pointed out in a former paper as reported by Roberto Rodríguez (SARS-CoV-2: Enhancement and Segmentation of High-Resolution Microscopy Images.

LASER INDUCED FLUORESCENCE OF SKIN: SUPERPOSITION OF SPECTRAL INTENSITIES.

The aim of the work was to determine the possibility of assessing the state of human health by the method of optical spectroscopy of skin and nail. To achieve this goal, Laser-Induced Fluorescence (LIF) spectroscopy was used. A special probe was designed, which makes it possible to record differential spectra and, as a result, to compare the shapes of spectral fluorescence lines.

SARS-CoV-2: preliminary study of infected human nasopharyngeal tissue by high resolution microscopy.

Background: The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 is the etiological agent of COVID-19. This virus has become one of the most dangerous in recent times with a very high rate of transmission. At present, several publications show the typical crown-shape of the novel coronavirus grown in cell cultures.

Mutations as Levy flights.

Data from a long time evolution experiment with Escherichia Coli and from a large study on copy number variations in subjects with European ancestry are analyzed in order to argue that mutations can be described as Levy flights in the mutation space. These Levy flights have at least two components: random single-base substitutions and large DNA rearrangements. From the data, we get estimations for the time rates of both events and the size distribution function of large rearrangements.