Emergy-based evaluation of production efficiency and sustainability of diversified multi-cropping systems in the Yangtze River Basin.

Excessive agricultural investment brought about by increased multiple-cropping index may compromise environmental sustainability. There are few studies on the sustainability of diversified multi-cropping systems in the Yangtze River Basin (YRB). Therefore, this study selected five representative locations in the YRB.

Encoding a Novel Ankyrin Domain-Containing Protein, Affects Chloroplast Development in Rice.

The proper development of grana and stroma within chloroplasts is critical for plant vitality and crop yield in rice and other cereals. While the molecular mechanisms underpinning these processes are known, the genetic networks governing them require further exploration. In this study, we characterize a novel rice mutant termed (), which presents with yellow, lesion-like leaves and a dwarf growth habit.

Characterization of a Drought-Induced Betaine Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Gene from .

Betaine aldehyde dehydrogenases (BADHs) are key enzymes in the biosynthesis of glycine betaine, which is an important organic osmolyte that maintains cell structure and improves plant tolerance to abiotic stresses, especially in halotolerant plants. Improving the drought tolerance of crops will greatly increase their yield. In this study, a novel gene named from was induced by drought stress or abscisic acid.

Research Progress on Photoperiod Gene Regulation of Heading Date in Rice.

Heading date is a critical physiological process in rice that is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. The photoperiodic pathway is a primary regulatory mechanism for rice heading, with key florigen genes (Heading date 3a) and (RICE FLOWERING LOCUS T1) playing central roles. Upstream regulatory pathways, including and , also significantly impact this process.

Characterization, Phylogenetic Analyses, and Pathogenicity of on Sorghum in China.

Sorghum, the fifth-largest cereal crop globally and a C4 crop, mainly grows in arid and semi-arid areas. In 2021-2023, a new foliar disease of sorghum occurred in China. The diseased leaves showed water-soaked symptoms in the leaf tip and margins, resulting in half- and full-leaf desiccation and necrosis, thus affecting plant photosynthesis.

Using Transcriptomics to Determine the Mechanism for the Resistance to Fusarium Head Blight of a Wheat- Translocation Line.

Fusarium head blight (FHB), caused by the species complex, is a destructive disease in wheat worldwide. The lack of FHB-resistant germplasm is a barrier in wheat breeding for resistance to FHB. is an important relative that has been successfully used for the genetic improvement of wheat.

TaMYB-CC5 gene specifically expressed in root improve tolerance of phosphorus deficiency and drought stress in wheat.

Phosphate deficiency and drought are significant environmental constraints that impact both the productivity and quality of wheat. The interaction between phosphorus and water facilitates their mutual absorption processes in plants. Under conditions of both phosphorus deficiency and drought stress, we observed a significant upregulation in the expression of wheat MYB-CC transcription factors through the transcriptome analysis.

Detection and Evaluation of Blast Resistance Genes in Backbone Rice Varieties from South China.

Rice blast caused by the pathogenic fungus poses a significant threat to rice cultivation. The identification of robust resistance germplasm is crucial for breeding resistant varieties. In this study, we employed functional molecular markers for 10 rice blast resistance genes, namely , , , , , , , , , and , to assess blast resistance across 91 rice backbone varieties in South China.

Comparison of grain traits and genetic diversity between Chinese and Uruguayan soybeans ( L.).

Soybeans ( L.), originating in China, were introduced to South America in the late 19th century after passing through North America. South America is now a major soybean-producing region, accounting for approximately 40% of the global soybean production.

Genetic Analysis and Fine Mapping of a New Rice Mutant, Leaf Tip Senescence 2.

Premature leaf senescence significantly reduces rice yields. Despite identifying numerous factors influencing these processes, the intricate genetic regulatory networks governing leaf senescence demand further exploration. We report the characterization of a stably inherited, ethyl methanesulfonate(EMS)-induced rice mutant with wilted leaf tips from seedling till harvesting, designated .

Facile synthesis of anthranilic acid based dual functionalized novel hyper cross-linked polymer for promising CO capture and efficient Cr adsorption.

A novel hyper cross-linked polymer of 2-Aminobenzoic acid (HCP-AA) is synthesized for the adsorption of Cr and CO. The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area of HCP-AA is 615 m g. HCP-AA of particle size 0.

Enhancing Yield and Improving Grain Quality in Japonica Rice: Targeted EHD1 Editing via CRISPR-Cas9 in Low-Latitude Adaptation.

The " to " initiative in China focuses on adapting rice varieties from the northeast to the unique photoperiod and temperature conditions of lower latitudes. While breeders can select varieties for their adaptability, the sensitivity to light and temperature often complicates and prolongs the process. Addressing the challenge of cultivating high-yield, superior-quality rice over expanded latitudinal ranges swiftly, in the face of these sensitivities, is critical.

Biofortified Rice Provides Rich Sakuranetin in Endosperm.

Sakuranetin plays a key role as a phytoalexin in plant resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses, and possesses diverse health-promoting benefits. However, mature rice seeds do not contain detectable levels of sakuranetin. In the present study, a transgenic rice plant was developed in which the promoter of an endosperm-specific glutelin gene OsGluD-1 drives the expression of a specific enzyme naringenin 7-O-methyltransferase (NOMT) for sakuranetin biosynthesis.

Alfalfa confers tolerance to cadmium stress through activating the iron deficiency response in .

Cadmium (Cd) pollution severely affects plant growth and development, posing risks to human health throughout the food chain. Improved iron (Fe) nutrients could mitigate Cd toxicity in plants, but the regulatory network involving Cd and Fe interplay remains unresolved. Here, a transcription factor gene of alfalfa, was verified to respond to iron deficiency and Cd stress.

GmABCG5, an ATP-binding cassette G transporter gene, is involved in the iron deficiency response in soybean.

Iron deficiency is a major nutritional problem causing iron deficiency chlorosis (IDC) and yield reduction in soybean, one of the most important crops. The ATP-binding cassette G subfamily plays a crucial role in substance transportation in plants. In this study, we cloned the gene from soybean and verified its role in Fe homeostasis.

Genome-wide association study of agronomic traits related to nitrogen use efficiency in Henan wheat.

Background: Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is closely related to crop yield and nitrogen fertilizer application rate. Although NUE is susceptible to environments, quantitative trait nucleotides (QTNs) for NUE in wheat germplasm populations have been rarely reported in genome-wide associated study.

Results: In this study, 244 wheat accessions were phenotyped by three NUE-related traits in three environments and genotyped by 203,224 SNPs.

An endophytic fungus interacts with the defensin-like protein OsCAL1 to regulate cadmium allocation in rice.

Defensin-like proteins are conserved in multicellular organisms and contribute to innate immune responses against fungal pathogens. In rice, defensins play a novel role in regulating cadmium (Cd) efflux from the cytosol. However, whether the antifungal activity of defensins correlates with Cd-efflux function remains unknown.

A High-Resolution Linkage Map Construction and QTL Analysis for Morphological Traits in Anthurium ( Linden).

Linden is a prominent ornamental plant belonging to the family Araceae and is cultivated worldwide. The morphology characteristics are crucial because they significantly impact ornamental values, commercial properties, and the efficiency of space utilization in production. However, only a few related investigations have been conducted in anthurium to date.

Toxicity effects of zinc supply on growth revealed by physiological and transcriptomic evidences in sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam).

Zinc toxicity affects crop productivity and threatens food security and human health worldwide. Unfortunately, the accumulation patterns of zinc and the harmful effects of excessive zinc on sweet potato have not been well explored. In the present research, two genotypes of sweet potato varieties with different accumulation patterns of zinc were selected to analyze the effects of excessive zinc on sweet potato via hydroponic and field cultivation experiments.

The Influence of the Genotype and Planting Density on the Structure and Composition of Root and Rhizosphere Microbial Communities in Maize.

Maize has the largest cultivation area of any crop in the world and plays an important role in ensuring food security. High-density planting is essential for maintaining high maize yields in modern intensive agriculture. Nonetheless, how high-density planting and the tolerance of individual genotypes to such planting shape the root-associated microbiome of maize is still unknown.

Analysis of the apoplast fluid proteome during the induction of systemic acquired resistance in .

Background: Plant-pathogen interactions occur in the apoplast comprising the cell wall matrix and the fluid in the extracellular space outside the plasma membrane. However, little is known regarding the contribution of the apoplastic proteome to systemic acquired resistance (SAR).

Methods: Specifically, SAR was induced by inoculating plants with DC3000 avrRps4.

Enhances Tolerance to Iron Excess Stress in and MsMYB Binds to Its Promoter.

Iron(Fe) is a trace metal element necessary for plant growth, but excess iron is harmful to plants. Natural resistance-associated macrophage proteins (NRAMPs) are important for divalent metal transport in plants. In this study, we isolated the (MN_547960) gene from alfalfa, the perennial legume forage.

Pigment Biosynthesis and Molecular Genetics of Fruit Color in Pepper.

Pepper, as a vegetable crop with a wide cultivation area worldwide, besides being a significant condiment and food, also has a momentous use for chemistry, medicine, and other industries. Pepper fruits are rich in various pigments, such as chlorophyll, carotenoids, anthocyanins, and capsanthin, which have important healthcare and economic value. Since various pigments are continuously metabolized during the development of pepper fruits, peppers exhibit an abundant fruit-colored phenotype in both the mature and immature periods.

Genome-wide characterization of ascorbate peroxidase gene family in pepper ( L.) in response to multiple abiotic stresses.

Pepper is widely grown all over the world, so it faces many abiotic stresses, such as drought, high temperature, low temperature, salt damage, and so on. Stresses causing the accumulation of reactive oxidative species (ROS) in plants are removed by antioxidant defense systems, and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) is an important antioxidant enzyme. Therefore, the present study performed genome-wide identification of the gene family in pepper.

Cadmium induced a non-coding RNA microRNA535 mediates Cd accumulation in rice.

Identifying key regulators related to cadmium (Cd) tolerance and accumulation is the main factor for genetic engineering to improve plants for bioremediation and ensure crop food safety. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), as fine-tuning regulators of genes, participate in various abiotic stress processes. MiR535 is an ancient conserved non-coding small RNA in land plants, positively responding to Cd stress.