Identification of Rice Accessions Having Cold Tolerance at the Seedling Stage and Development of Novel Genotypic Assays for Predicting Cold Tolerance.

Rice is susceptible to cold stress at the seedling stage, which can delay growth and decrease yield. We evaluated 187 rice accessions for cold tolerance at the seedling stage and developed genotypic assays for three markers. All (20/20) and 20/140 accessions were highly cold tolerant.

End-to-End Fusion of Hyperspectral and Chlorophyll Fluorescence Imaging to Identify Rice Stresses.

Herbicides and heavy metals are hazardous substances of environmental pollution, resulting in plant stress and harming humans and animals. Identification of stress types can help trace stress sources, manage plant growth, and improve stress-resistant breeding. In this research, hyperspectral imaging (HSI) and chlorophyll fluorescence imaging (Chl-FI) were adopted to identify the rice plants under two types of herbicide stresses (butachlor (DCA) and quinclorac (ELK)) and two types of heavy metal stresses (cadmium (Cd) and copper (Cu)).

Generation of Marker-Free Transgenic Rice Resistant to Rice Blast Disease Using Transposon-Mediated Transgene Reintegration System.

Rice blast is one of the most serious diseases of rice and a major threat to rice production. Breeding disease-resistant rice is one of the most economical, safe, and effective measures for the control of rice blast. As a complement to traditional crop breeding, the transgenic method can avoid the time-consuming process of crosses and multi-generation selection.

Transcriptome analysis identifies differentially expressed genes in the progenies of a cross between two low phytic acid soybean mutants.

Phytic acid (PA) is a major antinutrient that cannot be digested by monogastric animals, but it can decrease the bioavailability of micronutrients (e.g., Zn and Fe).

Investigation on Data Fusion of Multisource Spectral Data for Rice Leaf Diseases Identification Using Machine Learning Methods.

Rice diseases are major threats to rice yield and quality. Rapid and accurate detection of rice diseases is of great importance for precise disease prevention and treatment. Various spectroscopic techniques have been used to detect plant diseases.

Construction and integration of genetic linkage maps from three multi-parent advanced generation inter-cross populations in rice.

Background: The construction of genetic maps based on molecular markers is a crucial step in rice genetic and genomic studies. Pure lines derived from multiple parents provide more abundant genetic variation than those from bi-parent populations. Two four-parent pure-line populations (4PL1 and 4PL2) and one eight-parent pure-line population (8PL) were developed from eight homozygous indica varieties of rice by the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI).

Heat Stress Suppresses Brassica napus Seed Oil Accumulation by Inhibition of Photosynthesis and BnWRI1 Pathway.

Heat stress during Brassica napus seed filling severely impairs yield and oil content. However, the mechanisms underlying heat-stress effects on B. napus seed photosynthesis and oil accumulation remain elusive.

Stability of the Metabolite Signature Resulting from the MIPS1 Mutation in Low Phytic Acid Soybean ( Glycine max L. Merr.) Mutants upon Cross-Breeding.

The low phytic acid ( lpa) soybean ( Glycine max L. Merr.) mutant Gm-lpa-TW-1-M, resulting from a 2 bp deletion in GmMIPS1, was crossed with a commercial cultivar.

Impact of Cross-Breeding of Low Phytic Acid MIPS1 and IPK1 Soybean ( Glycine max L. Merr.) Mutants on Their Contents of Inositol Phosphate Isomers.

The knowledge on consequences of cross-breeding of induced low phytic acid ( lpa) soybean ( Glycine max L. Merr.) mutants on the contents of phytic acid (InsP) and lower inositol phosphate isomers (InsP-InsP) in the resulting progenies is limited.

QTL Identification for Cooking and Eating Quality in Rice Using Multi-Parent Advanced Generation Intercross (MAGIC) Population.

Association mapping using a multi-parent advanced generation intercross (MAGIC) population provides a promising tool in genetic dissection of rice cooking and eating quality (CEQ). In this study, QTLs were identified for ten physicochemical properties related to CEQ using 508 F MAGIC lines. The whole population and eight founder lines were genotyped with 6K Illumina Infinium HD Assay.

A mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase influences grain size and weight in rice.

Grain size and weight are directly associated with grain yield in crops. However, the molecular mechanisms that set final grain size and weight remain largely unknown. Here, we characterize two large grain mutants, large grain8-1 (large8-1) and large grain8-2 (large8-2).

An SPX-RLI1 Module Regulates Leaf Inclination in Response to Phosphate Availability in Rice.

Leaf erectness is one of the key traits of plant architecture; in grains, plants with upright leaves can be planted close together, thus benefiting yield/unit area. Many factors, such as hormones, affect leaf inclination; however, how nutrition status, in particular phosphate (Pi) availability, affects leaf inclination remains largely unexplained. Here, we show that in rice (), Pi deficiency stress inhibits lamina joint cell elongation, thus restricting lamina joint size and inducing leaf erectness in rice.

Association Mapping of Ferrous, Zinc, and Aluminum Tolerance at the Seedling Stage in Rice using MAGIC Populations.

Excessive amounts of metal are toxic and severely affect plant growth and development. Understanding the genetic control of metal tolerance is crucial to improve rice resistance to Fe, Zn, and Al toxicity. The multi-parent advanced generation inter-cross (MAGIC) populations were genotyped using a 55 K rice SNP array and screened at the seedling stage for Fe, Zn, and Al toxicity using a hydroponics system.

Whole genome-wide transcript profiling to identify differentially expressed genes associated with seed field emergence in two soybean low phytate mutants.

Background: Seed germination is important to soybean (Glycine max) growth and development, ultimately affecting soybean yield. A lower seed field emergence has been the main hindrance for breeding soybeans low in phytate. Although this reduction could be overcome by additional breeding and selection, the mechanisms of seed germination in different low phytate mutants remain unknown.

Regulation of OsGRF4 by OsmiR396 controls grain size and yield in rice.

An increase in grain yield is crucial for modern agriculture(1). Grain size is one of the key components of grain yield in rice and is regulated by quantitative trait loci (QTLs)(2,3). Exploring new QTLs for grain size will help breeders develop elite rice varieties with higher yields(3,4).

Efficient generation of marker-free transgenic rice plants using an improved transposon-mediated transgene reintegration strategy.

Marker-free transgenic plants can be developed through transposon-mediated transgene reintegration, which allows intact transgene insertion with defined boundaries and requires only a few primary transformants. In this study, we improved the selection strategy and validated that the maize (Zea mays) Activator/Dissociation (Ds) transposable element can be routinely used to generate marker-free transgenic plants. A Ds-based gene of interest was linked to green fluorescent protein in transfer DNA (T-DNA), and a green fluorescent protein-aided counterselection against T-DNA was used together with polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based positive selection for the gene of interest to screen marker-free progeny.

Identification and characterization of the soybean IPK1 ortholog of a low phytic acid mutant reveals an exon-excluding splice-site mutation.

Phytic acid (myo-inositol 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 hexakisphosphate) is an important constituent of soybean meal. Since phytic acid and its mineral salts (phytates) are almost indigestible for monogastrics, their abundance in grain food/feed causes nutritional and environmental problems; interest in breeding low phytic acid has therefore increased considerably. Based on gene mapping and the characteristics of inositol polyphosphates profile in the seeds of a soybean mutant line Gm-lpa-ZC-2, the soybean ortholog of inositol 1,3,4,5,6 pentakisphosphate (InsP(5)) 2-kinase (IPK1), which transforms InsP(5) into phytic acid, was first hypothesized as the candidate gene responsible for the low phytic acid alteration in Gm-lpa-ZC-2.