Proteomic analysis reveals the roles of silicon in mitigating glyphosate-induced toxicity in Brassica napus L.

Glyphosate (Gly) is a widely used herbicide for weed control in agriculture, but it can also adversely affect crops by impairing growth, reducing yield, and disrupting nutrient uptake, while inducing toxicity. Therefore, adopting integrated eco-friendly approaches and understanding the mechanisms of glyphosate tolerance in plants is crucial, as these areas remain underexplored. This study provides proteome insights into Si-mediated improvement of Gly-toxicity tolerance in Brassica napus.

A wheat phytohormone atlas spanning major tissues across the entire life cycle provides novel insights into cytokinin and jasmonic acid interplay.

Although numerous studies have focused on the specific organs or tissues at different development stages or under various abiotic and biotic stress, our understanding of the distribution and relative abundance of phytohormones throughout the entire life cycle of plant organs and tissues remains insufficient. Here, we present a phytohormone atlas resource covering the quantitative analysis of eight major classes of phytohormones, comprising a total of 40 hormone-related compounds, throughout the complete life cycle of wheat. In combination with transcriptome analysis, we established a Wheat Phytohormone Metabolic Regulatory Network (WPMRN).

Changes in the potato rhizosphere microbiota richness and diversity occur in a growth stage-dependent manner.

Plant root and soil-associated microbiomes are influenced by niches, including bulk and rhizosphere soil. In this work, we collected bulk and rhizosphere soil samples at four potato developmental stages (leaf growth, flowering, tuber elongation and harvest) to identify whether rhizosphere microbiota are structured in a growth stage-dependent manner. The bacterial and fungal microbiota showed significant temporal differences in the rhizosphere and bulk soil.

TaSnRK3.23B, a CBL-interacting protein kinase of wheat, confers drought stress tolerance by promoting ROS scavenging in Arabidopsis.

Background: Sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinases (SnRKs) have been implicated in plant growth and stress responses. Although SnRK3.23 is known to be involved in drought stress, the underlying mechanism of resistance differs between Arabidopsis and rice, and little is known about its function in wheat.

Impact of iron oxide nanoparticles on cadmium toxicity mitigation in Brassica napus.

Cadmium (Cd) contamination greatly hinders plant productivity. Nanotechnology offers a promising solution for Cd phytotoxicity. The novelty of this study lies in the limited research on the effects of nanoiron (FeONPs) in regulating Cd toxicity in oilseed crops.

Multi-environment field trials for wheat yield, stability and breeding progress in Germany.

Multi-environmental trials (MET) with temporal and spatial variance are crucial for understanding genotype-environment-management (GxExM) interactions in crops. Here, we present a MET dataset for winter wheat in Germany. The dataset encompasses MET spanning six years (2015-2020), six locations and nine crop management scenarios (consisting of combinations for three treatments, unbalanced in each location and year) comparing 228 cultivars released between 1963 and 2016, amounting to a total of 526,751 data points covering 24 traits.

Assessment of salicylic acid and potassium nitrate to mitigate frost stress in autumn-sown potato crop cv. Sutlej.

Potato is cultivated all the year round in Pakistan. However, the major crop is the autumn crop which is planted in mid-October and contributes 80-85% of the total production. The abrupt climate change has affected the weather patterns all over the world, resulting in the reduction of the mean air temperature in autumn by almost 1.

Synergistic effects of PGPRs and fertilizer amendments on improving the yield and productivity of Canola (Brassica napus L.).

Background: Organic fertilizers are safer and more eco-friendly than chemical fertilizers; hence, organic fertilizers can be used to support sustainable farming. The effects of PGPRs are manifold in agriculture, especially in monoculture crops, where the soil needs to be modified to increase germination, yield, and disease resistance. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of PGPRs combined with fertilizer on the yield and productivity of canola.

Respiratory Protective Effects of Perilla Leave Varieties () Against Fine Particulate Matter (PM)-induced Damage in Human Nasal Cells.

Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is known to exacerbate chronic respiratory disorders, primarily by inducing inflammatory responses and mucus overproduction. Perilla leaves are reported to have significant health benefits, such as antioxidant, antibacterial, and antiallergic properties, attributed to phenolic compounds that vary depending on genetic diversity.

Enzyme Activities Shape Malting Quality Standards.

Malting quality of barley is a complex characteristic, which is influenced by a combination of interacting traits that are regulated by various genetic and environmental factors. The activities of various enzymes play pivotal roles in determining the malting quality, as they drive the biochemical processes responsible for converting barley saccharides and proteins into fermentable sugars and amino acids during the malting process. In this study, 14 malting barley cultivars were used to investigate the relationship between enzyme activities and malting quality traits.

Drought and High Temperatures Impact the Plant-Pollinator Interactions in .

As a result of climate change, temperate regions are facing the simultaneous increase in water and heat stress. These changes may affect the interactions between plants and pollinators, which will have an impact on entomophilous crop yields. Here, we investigated the consequences of high temperatures and water stress on plant growth, floral biology, flower-reward production, and insect visitation of five varieties of common buckwheat (), an entomophilous crop of growing interest for sustainable agriculture.

Mapping and Validation of Quantitative Trait Loci on Yield-Related Traits Using Bi-Parental Recombinant Inbred Lines and Reciprocal Single-Segment Substitution Lines in Rice ( L.).

Yield-related traits have higher heritability and lower genotype-by-environment interaction, making them more suitable for genetic studies in comparison with the yield per se. Different populations have been developed and employed in QTL mapping; however, the use of reciprocal SSSLs is limited. In this study, three kinds of bi-parental populations were used to investigate the stable and novel QTLs on six yield-related traits, i.

Identification of , a Maize NAC Family Transcription Factor with Multiple Transcripts Conferring Drought Tolerance in .

Drought is one of the most serious environmental stresses affecting crop production. NAC transcription factors play a crucial role in responding to various abiotic stresses in plants. Here, we identified a maize NAC transcription factor, , between drought-tolerant and drought-sensitive inbred lines through RNA-seq analysis and characterized its function in .

Identification of Rht1 for plant height reduction in two wheat mutants and the effects on yield components.

Plant height determines lodging resistance and is closely linked to yield stability in wheat. In this study, we identified two semi-dwarf wheat mutants, designated je0370 and je0344, using the winter wheat cultivar Jing411 as the wild type (WT). Field experiments revealed that the plant height of these two mutants was significantly lower than that of the WT.

Exogenous melatonin enhances heat tolerance in buckwheat seedlings by modulating physiological response mechanisms.

Melatonin (MT) serves as a potent antioxidant in plant organisms, bolstering their resilience to temperature stress. In this study, the impact of MT on various buckwheat varieties under high-temperature stress conditions (40 °C) was investigated. Specifically, five buckwheat seedling varieties, comprising three sweet buckwheat variants (Fagopyrum esculentum) and two bitter buckwheat types (Fagopyrum tataricum), were subjected to foliar sprays of melatonin at concentrations of 50, 100 and 200 μM, with water at 25 °C employed as a control.

Cell-Type Specific miRNA Regulatory Network Responses to ABA Stress Revealed by Time Series Transcriptional Atlases in Arabidopsis.

In plants, microRNAs (miRNAs) participate in complex gene regulatory networks together with the transcription factors (TFs) in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. To date, analyses of miRNAs-induced transcriptome remodeling are at the whole plant or tissue levels. Here, Arabidopsis's ABA-induced single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) is performed at different stages of time points-early, middle, and late.

Modelling mixed crop-livestock systems and climate impact assessment in sub-Saharan Africa.

Climate change significantly challenges smallholder mixed crop-livestock (MCL) systems in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), affecting food and feed production. This study enhances the SIMPLACE modeling framework by incorporating crop-vegetation-livestock models, which contribute to the development of sustainable agricultural practices in response to climate change. Applying such a framework in a domain in West Africa (786,500 km) allowed us to estimate the changes in crop (Maize, Millet, and Sorghum) yield, grass biomass, livestock numbers, and greenhouse gas emission in response to future climate scenarios.

Climate change mitigation potential and economic evaluation of selected technical adaptation measures and innovations in conventional arable farming in Germany.

Agriculture accounts for a large proportion of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. It is therefore crucial to identify effective and efficient GHG mitigation potentials in agriculture, but also in related upstream sectors. However, previous studies in this area have rarely undertaken a cross-sectoral assessment.

Manipulating stomatal aperture by silencing StSLAC1 affects potato plant-herbivore-parasitoid tritrophic interactions under drought stress.

The effects of drought stress on stomatal opening dynamics, plant volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions and plant-insect interactions have been well-documented individually, but how they interact mechanistically remains poorly studied. Here, we studied how drought-triggered stomatal closure affects VOC emission and plant-trophic interactions by combining RNAi silencing, molecular biological and chemical analyses (GC-MS) of a potato-tuber moth-egg parasitoid tritrophic system. Drought stress attenuated stomatal apertures and VOC emissions, which made the potato (Solanum tuberosum L.

Enhancing chickpea yield through the application of sulfur and sulfur-oxidizing bacteria.

Plant growth-promoting microorganisms can enhance sulfur uptake and boost crop production. This study was conducted to evaluate the changes in physiology, metabolism, and yield of chickpeas following the application of sulfur and two microbial consortia: (1) Thiobacillus sp., Bacillus subtilis, Paraburkholderia fungorum, and Paenibacillus sp.

The effects of plant density and duration of vegetative growth phase on agronomic traits of medicinal cannabis (Cannabis sativa L.): A regression analysis.

Empirical data on the effect of plant density (PD) and length of the vegetative phase (DVP) on plant growth, yield, and cannabinoid concentration of medicinal cannabis (Cannabis sativa L.) are still scarce, leading to a lack of specific cultivation recommendations. We conducted two greenhouse experiments to investigate the effect of PD in the range of 12-36 plants m-2 (D-trial) and DVP in the range of 1-4 weeks (V-trial) on plant morphology, biomass growth of individual plant organs, and CBD concentration of individual inflorescence fractions.