Improved cost-effectiveness of species monitoring programs through data integration.

Conservation initiatives strive for reliable and cost-effective species monitoring. However, resource constraints mean management decisions are overly reliant on data derived from single methodologies, resulting in taxonomic or geographic biases. We introduce a data integration framework to optimize species monitoring in terms of spatial representation, the reliability of biodiversity metrics, and the cost of implementation, focusing on tigers and their principal prey (sambar deer and wild pigs).

A comprehensive proteomic map revealing the regulation of the development of long-duration, red butterfly-shaped fruit in Euscaphis japonica.

Fruit features are crucial for plant propagation, population growth, biodiversity preservation, and evolutionary survival. However, the synergistic regulatory mechanisms underlying the development of fruit traits such as color, shape and duration are unclear. Euscaphis japonica, whose fruits have a red-winged pericarp and persist for a long period of time, is an important ornamental plant in eastern Asia.

Comparative analysis of community composition and network structure between phyllosphere endophytic and epiphytic fungal communities of .

The phyllosphere constitutes a critical habitat for microorganisms, exerting profound influences on host vitality, developmental dynamics, reproductive functions, and stress resilience. However, the diversity and network structure of endophytic and epiphytic fungal communities within this microecosystem have not been thoroughly explored. In this investigation, high-throughput sequencing technologies were employed to assess the diversity, community composition, and network structure of endophytic and epiphytic fungal communities associated with across six geographically distinct locations in Southeast China.

Outdoor health intervention for refugees, migrants, and asylum-seekers: A mixed-methods pilot study.

Despite the multifaceted and diverse challenges that refugees, migrants, and asylum-seekers experience when entering a new country, they remain notably underrepresented in the evaluation and understanding of the health and wellbeing impacts of outdoor health interventions. We addressed this knowledge gap by a mixed-methods evaluation (questionnaires, focus groups and photo elicitation activity) facilitated by a community researcher. Qualitative data (focus groups and photo elicitation activity) revealed that the participants saw the social component of outdoor activities as a critical factor in improving their wellbeing, an insight not captured by established quantitative wellbeing scales.

Comparative Analysis of the Morphological Traits of Cucumis melo Seed Remains Discovered in the Graveyard of the Haihun Marquis in Nanchang and Modern C. melo Seeds Using Scanning Electron Microscopy.

The graveyard of the Haihun Marquis in Nanchang is the largest and best-preserved Han Dynasty mausoleum discovered in China. Within the tomb's beam bank (M1), archaeologists have uncovered a variety of plant remains, such as melon seeds, the traits and origins of which warrant timely investigation. Cucumis melo L.

In situ identification of gastroprotective components from Dendrobium huoshanense using magnetic nanoparticles combined with biomaterials assisted EFISI-MS.

The identification of natural active compounds is typically a cumbersome and time-intensive process due to the necessity for elaborate sample pretreatment, leading to inefficiencies. Although recent advancements have introduced methods for targeted screening of these active compounds, they still demand intricate sample handling, and in severe cases, critical active compounds may be lost or degraded beyond detection. This study capitalizes on the novel discovery that FeO magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) can be stably immobilized onto a magnetized steel probe of the electrostatic field induced spray ionization mass spectrometry (EFISI-MS) platform.

Lignan-rich extract from Cinnamomum camphora leaf attenuates metabolic syndrome by modulating glycolipid metabolism and gut microbiota in T2DM mice.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a serious metabolic syndrome with high mortality and disability rates globally, which usually caused by unhealthy dietary patterns. Cinnamomum camphora leaf is a traditional Chinese medicinal herb used for attenuating hyperglycemia and digestive disorder, and high level of lignans has been found in C. camphora leaf.

Comparative Phylogenomic Study of Malaxidinae (Orchidaceae) Sheds Light on Plastome Evolution and Gene Divergence.

Malaxidinae is one of the most confusing groups in the Orchidaceae classification. Previous phylogenetic analyses have revealed that the relationships between the taxa in Malaxidinae have not yet been reliably established, using only a few plastome regions and nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (nrITS). In the present study, the complete plastomes of and were assembled using high-throughput sequencing.

The need for carbon finance schemes to tackle overexploitation of tropical forest wildlife.

Defaunation of tropical forests, particularly from unsustainable hunting, has diminished populations of key seed dispersers for many tree species, driving shifts in forest community composition toward small-fruited or wind-dispersed trees with low wood density. Such shifts can reduce aboveground biomass, prompting calls for overexploitation to be included in bioeconomic policy, but a synthesis of existing literature for wildlife impacts on carbon stores is lacking. We evaluated the role of wildlife in tropical forest tree recruitment and found that it was critical to tropical forest carbon dynamics.

Multi-compartment levels and distributions of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances surrounding fluorochemical manufacturing parks in China: A review of the current literature.

Fluorochemical manufacturing parks (FMPs) are important point sources of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) emissions to the surrounding environment. With legacy PFASs being phased-out and restricted in developed countries, China has emerged as one of the world's leading producers of PFASs. However, the occurrence and distribution patterns of PFASs emitted from FMPs in China remain poorly understood.

The curious case of the Dana platypus and what it can teach us about how lead shotgun pellets behave in fluid preserved museum specimens and may limit their scientific value.

Fluid preserved animal specimens in the collections of natural history museums constitute an invaluable archive of past and present animal diversity. Well-preserved specimens have a shelf-life spanning centuries and are widely used for e.g.

The genome sequence of the Mauritius parakeet, (formerly ) (A.Newton & E. Newton, 1876).

We present a genome assembly from an individual male , formerly (the Mauritius Parakeet; Chordata; Aves; Psittaciformes; Psittacidae). The genome sequence is 1203.8 megabases in span.

Insectivorous bat activity dataset across different land-use types in the Islands of São Tomé and Príncipe, Central West Africa.

Background: São Tomé and Príncipe oceanic islands, in Central West Africa, are characterised by exceptional levels of endemism. Since human colonisation in the mid-15 century, São Tomé and Príncipe have lost 74% and 67% of their native habitat, respectively. Today, these islands are mainly covered by remaining old-growth forests, secondary regrowth forests, shaded plantations (mostly of cocoa), oil palm plantations (in the case of São Tomé), small-scale agricultural areas and urban areas.

Material Characterization of Silicones for Additive Manufacturing.

Three-dimensional printing is ideally suited to produce unique and complex shapes. In this study, the material properties of polysiloxanes, commonly named silicones, produced additively by two different methods, namely, multi-jet fusion (MJF) and material extrusion (ME) with liquid printing heads, are investigated. The chemical composition was compared via Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, evolved gas analysis mass spectrometry, pyrolysis gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry, and thermogravimetry (TGA).

Sea snakes.

Jenna Crowe-Riddell and colleagues introduce sea snakes.

Challenges of regulating commercial use of marine elapid snakes in the Indo-Pacific.

Marine elapid snakes are a diverse, predominantly Indo-West Pacific species group. The persistent removal of some species has an unquantified but potentially dire impact on populations. We conducted the first comprehensive review of the trade in marine elapid snakes based on published literature (1974-2022) and trade data from the only species (i.

Exposing illegal hunting and wildlife depletion in the world's largest tropical country through social media data.

Globally, illegal sport hunting can threaten prey populations when unregulated. Due to its covert nature, illegal sport hunting poses challenges for data collection, hindering efforts to understand the full extent of its impacts. We gathered social media data to analyze patterns of illegal sport hunting and wildlife depletion across Brazil.

Understanding author choices in the current conservation publishing landscape.

Conservation literature addresses a broad spectrum of interdisciplinary questions and benefits. Conservation science benefits most when a diverse range of authors are represented, particularly those from countries where much conservation work is focused. In other disciplines, it is well known that barriers and biases exist in the academic publishing sphere, which can affect research dissemination and an author's career development.

The genome sequence of the Mauritius kestrel, (Temminck, 1821).

We present a genome assembly from an individual male (the Mauritius kestrel; Chordata; Aves; Falconiformes; Falconidae). The genome sequence is 1,279.3 megabases in span.

Overcoming barriers to agri-environmental management at landscape scale: Balancing farmer coordination and collaboration with the aid of facilitators and pioneers.

Policy instruments that integrate the actions of multiple farmers are of growing interest for improving landscape scale environmental sustainability of agriculture. We conducted in-depth, semi-structured interviews with farmers in south-east England and applied thematic analysis to the responses to perform a qualitative investigation into the combined role of economic, social, and cultural barriers to cooperative environmental management, and identify possible solutions for these barriers. Interviewees recognised environmental benefits of cooperative management, but this was a low priority compared to other management activities, being seen as complex and time-consuming, with uncertainty over direct benefits to participants.

Nano-microcrystals revealed on Tang dynasty gilded bronze using advanced TEM-SEM and synchrotron methods.

Over the years, numerous gold and silver artifacts have been excavated from the tombs of the Tang dynasty, which give evidence of the sophisticated metalworking techniques at that time. Few of the artifacts were thoroughly studied and their manufacturing processes were barely known. The present investigation concerns a metal headgear from a newly excavated tomb of a female in Xi'an of the Tang dynasty (618-907 A.