Enhanced quantum efficiency of dicyano BODIPYs over difluoro BODIPYs: A DFT approach.

The modified BODIPY (pyrromethene) dyes with cyano (-CN), substituting usual fluorine (-F), at the 4-position may give enhanced photochemical stability and quantum yield of fluorescence (QYF) when compared to the corresponding fluoro derivative. We have investigated and discussed comparatively the structural parameters of the ground (S) and excited (S) state geometries of a few widely used BODIPY dyes, both 4-cyano and 4-fluoro pyrromethene (PM), through DFT and TD-DFT studies and established the reasons for improved QYF of the cyano derivatives. The electrophilicity index indicates the stability of the excited geometry of the cyanated BODIPY and the calculated transition dipole moments reveal a longer lifetime of the excited state (S) for the cyano BODIPY.

Biotransformation of maize bran-derived ferulic acid to vanillin using an adapted strain of Amycolatopsis sp. ATCC 39116.

Maize bran, an agro-processing waste residue, is a good source of ferulic acid that can be further valorized for vanillin production. However, extraction of ferulic acid from natural sources has been challenging due to low concentrations and intensive extraction procedures. In the present work, ferulic acid streams (purities ranging from 5% to 75%) extracted from maize bran using thermochemical methods were evaluated for biotransformation to vanillin, employing Amycolatopsis sp.

Microbial consortia adaptation to substrate changes in anaerobic digestion.

Renewable natural gas (RNG) produced from anaerobic digestion (AD) of agricultural residues is emerging a serious biofuel alternative. Complex nature of lignocellulosic biomass residues coupled with complex biochemical transformations involving a large spectrum of microbial communities make anaerobic digestion of biomass difficult to understand and control. The present work aims at studying adaptation of microbial consortia in AD to substrates changes and correlating these to biogas generation.

Metabolic engineering of Yarrowia lipolytica for the production of isoprene.

Yarrowia lipolytica has recently emerged as a prominent microbial host for production of terpenoids. Its robust metabolism and growth in wide range of substrates offer several advantages at industrial scale. In the present study, we investigate the metabolic potential of Y.

Optimal secretion of thermostable Beta-glucosidase in Bacillus subtilis by signal peptide optimization.

Commercial applications of β-glucosidase (BGL) demands its purity and availability on a large scale. In the present study, we aim to optimize the expression and secretion of a thermostable BGL from Pyrococcus furiosus (PfuBGL) in B. subtilis strain RIK1285.

NLOphoric Triphenylamine Derived Donor-π-Acceptor-π-Donor Based Colorants: Synthesis, Spectroscopic, Density Functional Theory and Z-scan Studies.

Three Donor-π-Acceptor-π-Donor type styryl dyes (5a-c) with different secondary donors are synthesized and characterized to study their nonlinear and linear optical properties. The structure-property relationships of the dyes are described in the light of systematic photophysical and theoretical investigations. The photophysical characteristics of 5a-c are influenced by the polarity of the medium, with an appreciable bathochromic shift in emission (5b = 81 nm) and large Stoke shifts (5b = 104-173 nm) in polar solvents.

Integrated effect of radiation processing and modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) on shelf life of fresh fig.

Fresh figs have less shelf life due to the growth of yeasts and molds. The study aimed at extending the shelf life of fresh fig with the help of irradiation and modified atmosphere packaging (MAP). Effects of irradiation and MAP on the quality and shelf life of fresh fig were evaluated.

Effects of hydrogen peroxide, modified atmosphere and their combination on quality of minimally processed cluster beans.

The aim of this study was to determine the potential of hydrogen peroxide (HO) and modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) on quality of fresh-cut cluster beans. Fresh-cut cluster beans were dipped in a solution of 2% HO for 2 min, packed in an atmosphere of (5% O, 10% CO, 85% N) and stored in polypropylene bags at 5 °C for 35 days. Passive MAP was created by consuming O and producing CO by fresh-cut cluster beans.

Benzophenone based fluorophore for selective detection of Sn ion: Experimental and theoretical study.

Synthesis of novel benzophenone-based chemosensor is presented for the selective sensing of Sn ion. Screening of competitive metal ions was performed by competitive experiments. The specific cation recognition ability of chemosensor towards Sn was investigated by experimental (UV-visible, fluorescence spectroscopy, H NMR, C NMR, FTIR and HRMS) methods and further supported by Density Functional Theory study.

Improved treatment approach for the removal of aromatic compounds using polymeric beads in Fenton pretreatment and biological oxidation.

An improved approach based on the use of iron-doped polymeric beads (IPB) as Fenton catalyst in the pretreatment and biomass-doped polymeric bead (BPB) in the biological oxidation has been reported for the removal of different aromatic mixtures present as pollutants in the aqueous solutions. Degradation has been investigated at fixed loading of IPB as 2.5 % weight basis and varying loading of hydrogen peroxide so as to understand the effect of oxidant loading on the extent of degradation.

Coumarin Push-Pull NLOphores with Red Emission: Solvatochromic and Theoretical Approach.

A new class of red emitting extensively conjugated donor-π-acceptor type dyes bearing coumarin units are investigated for nonlinear optical properties. The photophysical behaviour and the relation between structure and properties of the coumarin "push-pull" derivatives were investigated based on solvatochromism and experimentally observed shifts in emission maxima. The electronic coupling for the electron transfer reaction for the coumarin dyes are calculated with the generalized Mulliken-Hush method.

Treatment of real industrial wastewater using the combined approach of advanced oxidation followed by aerobic oxidation.

Fenton oxidation and ultrasound-based pretreatment have been applied to improve the treatment of real industrial wastewater based on the use of biological oxidation. The effect of operating parameters such as Fe(2+) loading, contact time, initial pH, and hydrogen peroxide loading on the extent of chemical oxygen demand (COD) reduction and change in biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5)/COD ratio has been investigated. The optimum operating conditions established for the pretreatment were initial pH of 3.

A Serendipitous Synthesis of 11a-Hydroxy-11,11a-dihydrobenzo[e]indeno[2,1-b][1,4]diazepine-10,12-dione Derivatives by Condensation of 2-Aminobenzamides with Ninhydrin in Water.

Ninhydrin undergoes an unprecedented condensation reaction with various 2-aminobenzamide derivatives in boiling water to afford 11a-hydroxy-11,11a-dihydrobenzo[e]indeno[2,1-b][1,4]diazepine-10,12-dione derivatives. These hitherto unreported products are easily isolated in high yield by a simple filtration step. An interesting "ortho effect" was observed in the condensation reaction of ninhydrin with 2-amino-N-phenylbenzamide derivatives having an ortho- substituent in the N-phenyl moiety wherein the corresponding expected 3'-phenyl-1'H-spiro[indene-2,2'-quinazoline]-1,3,4'(3'H)-triones were obtained.

AIE Based Coumarin Chromophore - Evaluation and Correlation Between Solvatochromism and Solvent Polarity Parameters.

A new class of red emitting extensively conjugated donor-π-acceptor type dyes bearing coumarin units have been synthesized by condensation of 7-(diethylamino)-2-oxo-2 H-chromene-3-carbaldehyde with different active methylenes. All the dyes are characterized by (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR and HRMS spectroscopy. The photophysical behaviour and the relation between structure and properties of the coumarin "push-pull" derivatives were investigated experimentally.

One-pot synthesis of per-O-acetylated hemiacetals from free sugars in a deep eutectic solvent.

Free sugars reacted with acetic anhydride in a deep eutectic solvent made from choline chloride and ZnCl2 at 90 °C to afford the corresponding peracetates that on further heating to 100 °C underwent selective deacetylation at the anomeric position to furnish the corresponding peracetylated hemiacetals in good yield.

Ferrier reaction in a deep eutectic solvent.

A mild and efficient synthesis of 2,3-unsaturated sugar derivatives has been achieved by conducting the Ferrier reaction in a deep eutectic solvent (DES). A wide range of alcohols including primary, secondary, benzylic, and sugar-derived primary alcohols can be used. Advantages include good yields, shorter reaction times and recyclability of DES.

Effect of extrusion process parameters and pregelatinized rice flour on physicochemical properties of ready-to-eat expanded snacks.

Present study was conducted to investigate effects of pregelatinized rice flour and extrusion process parameters such as feed moisture (16-19 %), die temperature (115-145 °C) and screw speed (150-250 rpm) on physicochemical properties of ready-to-eat expanded snacks by using co-rotating twin-screw extruder. Higher die temperature increased extrudate density and WSI but reduced die pressure, torque and expansion. Increased feed moisture content resulted in extrudates with increased density, WAI and hardness but reduced die pressure, expansion and WSI.

A combined experiment and computation study of the fused polycyclic benzimidazole derivatives.

Novel fused polycyclic benzimidazole derivatives were synthesized from dimethyl 4,5-diaminophthalate/dimethyl 3,4-diaminophthalate with aromatic anhydride (a-b) by condensation. The UV-Visible absorption and fluorescence emission spectra of the dyes were studied in solvents of differing polarity. The dyes were characterized by the spectral analysis.

Novel twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) extended fluorescent styryl derivatives containing quinoline electron releasing moiety.

Novel extended fluorescent styryl derivatives were synthesized from (E)-3-(2-cyclopropyl-4-(4-fluorophenyl)quinolin-3-yl)acrylaldehyde containing quinoline ring with 4-fluorophenyl ring at the 4-position as an electron donor and different active methylene compounds as electron acceptors by conventional Knoevenagel condensation reaction. The UV-Visible absorption and fluorescence emission spectra of the dyes were studied in solvents of differing polarity and the compounds showed polarity sensitive emission properties. The dyes were characterized by the spectral analysis.

Photophysical properties of ESIPT inspired fluorescent 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-6-methylimidazo[4,5-f]isoindole-5,7(1H,6H)-dione and its derivative: experimental and DFT based approach.

The excited-state intramolecular proton transfer chromophores 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-6-methylimidazo[4,5-f]isoindole-5,7(1H,6H)-dione and 2-(4-(diethylamino)-2-hydroxyphenyl)-6-methylimidazo[4,5-f]isoindole-5,7(1H,6H)-dione are synthesized from 4,5-diamino-N-methylphthalimide. The photophysical behavior of the synthesized chromophores was studied using UV-visible and fluorescence spectroscopy in the polar and non-polar solvents. The synthesized o-hydroxyphenyl benzimidazole derivatives are fluorescent and very sensitive to the solvent polarity.

Fluorescent coumarin derivatives with viscosity sensitive emission--synthesis, photophysical properties and computational studies.

New derivatives of (benzo[d]azolyl)-benzo[f]chromenone were synthesized from the intermediate 3-(1,3-benzazol-2-yl)naphthalen-2-ol, obtained from 3-hydroxynaphthalene-2-carboxylic acid and 2-amino phenol in the presence of PCl3 in chlorobenzene at 130-135 °C. The compounds were characterized by FT-IR, (1) H NMR, mass spectroscopy and elemental analysis. The synthesized compounds are fluorescent which absorb in the range of 296 to 332 nm while emit in the range of 368 to 404 nm.

2-Methyl-4-oxo-N-(4-oxo-2-phenyl substituted-1,3-thiazolidin-3-yl)-3,4-dihydroquinazoline-5-carboxamides--a new range of fluorescent whiteners: synthesis and photophysical characterization.

Fluorescent quinazolinones were synthesized form ethyl 2-methyl-4-oxo-3,4-dihydroquinazoline -5-carboxylate intermediate. The photophysical properties of the compounds were evaluated in DMF solvent. The experimental absorption and emission of the compounds were compared with the vertical excitation and emission obtained Density Functional Theory (DFT) and Time Dependent Density Functional Theory (TD-DFT) computation.

Fluorescent styryl dyes based on novel 4-methoxy-9-methyi-9H-carbazole-3-carbaldehyde--synthesis, photophysical properties and DFT computations.

Novel carbazole based styryl derivatives (6a-6c) having styryl group at third position and a methoxy substitution were synthesized by condensing 4-methoxy-9-methyl-9H-carbazole-3-carbaldehyde 3 and different active methylene derivatives (5a-5c). Evaluated photophysical properties of these synthesized novel chromophores, studied the effect of solvent polarity on absorption, emission and quantum yield of these styryl derivatives. DFT and TD-DFT computations are carried out to study structural, molecular, electronic and photophysical parameters of dyes.

Selective HPLC method development for soy phosphatidylcholine Fatty acids and its mass spectrometry.

A novel, efficient and simple approach for soy phosphatidylcholine analysis according to its fatty acid composition was studied with reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. The reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography analysis was performed isocratically using UV detector and simple mobile phase solvents consisting of isopropyl alcohol, methanol, and deionized water in the proportion of 70:8:22 v/v. The uniqueness of the proposed method was the separation of individual fatty acids of soy phosphatidylcholine.

Reversed-phase High-performance Liquid Chromatography Method for Analysis of Curcuminoids and Curcuminoid-loaded Liposome Formulation.

A simple, sensitive, precise and specific method for the determination of curcuminoids and curcuminoid-loaded liposome formulation was developed using reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography method. The analysis was performed isocratically on Zorbax Eclipse XDB-C18 column (150×4 mm, 5 μm), analytical column using UV detector and mobile phase consisting of 0.1% orthophosphoric acid and acetonitrile.