Well-Defined Co Dual-Atom Catalyst Breaks Scaling Relations of Oxygen Reduction Reaction.

The 4-electron oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) under alkaline conditions is central to the development of non-noble metal-based hydrogen fuel cell technologies. However, the kinetics of ORR are constrained by scaling relations, where the adsorption free energy of *OOH is intrinsically linked to that of *OH with a nearly constant difference larger than the optimal value. In this study, a well-defined binuclear Co complex was synthesized and adsorbed onto carbon black, serving as a model dual-atom catalyst.

Comparative Seasonal Trends and Potential Health Impacts of Arsenic and Chromium in Surface Water after Adsorption Using Highly Dispersed FeO Nanoparticles.

Surface water from springs, rivers, and dams is often used as an unconventional drinking water source in rural areas where potable water is often unavailable. However, this practice carries significant health risks due to potential contaminants. In this study, the concentrations of arsenic (As) and chromium (Cr) were assessed seasonally using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS).

Recent progress and perspectives of advanced Ni-based cathodes for aqueous alkaline Zn batteries.

Rechargeable aqueous alkaline Zn-Ni batteries (AZNBs) are considered a potential contender for energy storage fields and portable devices due to their inherent safety, high output voltage, high theoretical capacity and environmental friendliness. Despite the facilitated development of AZNBs by many investigations, its practical application is still restricted by inadequate energy density, sluggish kinetics, and poor stability. Therefore, Ni-based cathodes with boosted redox chemistry and enhanced structural integrity is essential for the high-performance AZNBs.

A Hydrolytically Stable Metal-Organic Framework for Simultaneous Desulfurization and Dehydration of Wet Flue Gas.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have great prospects as adsorbents for industrial gas purification, but often suffer from issues of water stability and competitive water adsorption. Herein, we present a hydrolytically stable MOF that could selectively capture and recover trace SO from flue gas, and exhibits remarkable recyclability in the breakthrough experiments under wet flue-gas conditions, due to its excellent resistance to the corrosion of SO and the water-derived capillary forces. More strikingly, its SO capture efficiency is barely influenced by the increasing humidity, even if the pore filling with water is reached.

Efficient removal of manganese ions from waters using hypochlorite-modified granular activated carbon.

Conventional drinking waterworks generally disregard the manganese removal efficiencies. For the first time, this study demonstrates the potential of ClO-modified activated carbon for efficient Mn removal from raw water. The 10% NaClO-modified granular activated carbon increases the Mn adsorption capacity from 4.

Sustainable and energy-saving hydrogen production binder-free and electrodeposited Ni-Mn-S nanowires on Ni-Cu 3-D substrates.

Electrochemical water splitting, with its oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), is undoubtedly the most eco-friendly and sustainable method to produce hydrogen. However, water splitting still requires improvement due to the high energy consumption caused by the slow kinetics and large thermodynamic potential requirements of OER. Urea-water electrolysis has become increasingly appealing compared to water-splitting because of the remarkable decline in the cell potential in the hydrogen production process and less energy consumption; it also offers a favorable opportunity to efficiently treat wastewater containing a significant amount of urea.

Stereoselective Metabolism, Hepatotoxicity, and Cytotoxic Effects of Four Enantiomers of the Fungicide Propiconazole.

Propiconazole (PRO) is a chiral triazole fungicide that has been widely used for several years. However, its metabolic characteristics and hepatotoxicity in the chiral level environment remain unclear. In this study, the stereoselective behavior of PRO was investigated by using liver microsome incubation, cell viability assay, inhalation exposure, and molecular docking.

Mechanism of removal of Sb from printing and dyeing wastewater by a novel titanium-manganese binary oxide.

Antimony (Sb) is a toxic heavy metal that endangers both the environment and human health. In response to the growing need for efficient Sb removal from printing and dyeing wastewater (PDW), this study introduces a novel titanium-manganese binary oxide adsorbent (T2M1BO) synthesized via precipitation. Experimental results show that T2M1BO exhibited higher absorption efficiency for Sb(III) compared to Sb(V), with maximum adsorption capacities recorded at 323.

Ultrasound assisted osmotic dehydration of sweet lime (Citrus limetta) slices: Process optimization and mass transfer kinetics.

Sweet lime (Citrus limetta), known for its unique taste and aroma, is limited in use due to its bitterness. Osmotic dehydration of sweet lime slices was studied to optimize mass transfer kinetics using response surface methodology (RSM). The debittering pre-treatment using NaCl ranging from 0 to 5 % resulted in a significant reduction of bittering compounds, achieving a 39.

Kinetic principles of chemical cross-link formation for protein-protein interactions.

Proteins play a central role in most biological processes within the cell, and deciphering how they interact is key to understand their function. Cross-linking coupled with mass spectrometry is an essential tool for elucidating protein-protein interactions (PPIs). Despite its importance, we still know surprisingly little about the principles that underlie the process of chemical cross-link formation itself and how it is influenced by different physicochemical factors.

Surface Plasmon-Driven Versatile Enhancement of Chemosensing.

Chemo-sensors have deeply integrated into various facets of our daily lives. To further satisfy the increasing performance demand, the current attempts are mainly centered on materials science approaches, usually involving time-& labor-consuming structure designing, synthesis, and modification. To date, it remains largely unexplored to enhance sensing material performance at the fundamental physical level by strategic exploitation of optical properties.

Unlocking Novel Functionality: Pseudocapacitive Sensing in MXene-Based Flexible Supercapacitors.

Extensively explored for their distinctive pseudocapacitance characteristics, MXenes, a distinguished group of 2D materials, have led to remarkable achievements, particularly in the realm of energy storage devices. This work presents an innovative Pseudocapacitive Sensor. The key lies in switching the energy storage kinetics from pseudocapacitor to electrical double layer capacitor by employing the change of local pH (-log[H]) in MXene-based flexible supercapacitors during bending.

Effective radius of a contact diffusion-controlled reaction between small solutes and a polymer chain.

The aim of this study was to develop a formula for estimating the effective radius of a diffusion-controlled irreversible contact reaction between diffusing solutes and a nonlinear immobile polymer molecule. Analytical expressions for the reaction radius were obtained that took into account averaging over conformations for chains with arbitrary segment-to-segment angles and distributions of dihedral angles. A comparison of the analytical results with the results of computer stochastic modeling of the reaction showed good agreement over a wide range of parameters.

Real-Time Model Predictive Control of Lignin Properties Using an Accelerated kMC Framework with Artificial Neural Networks.

While lignin has garnered significant research interest for its abundance and versatility, its complicated structure poses a challenge to understanding its underlying reaction kinetics and optimizing various lignin characteristics. In this regard, mathematical models, especially the multiscale kinetic Monte Carlo (kMC) method, have been devised to offer a precise analysis of fractionation kinetics and lignin properties. The kMC model effectively handles the simulation of all particles within the system by calculating reaction rates between species and generating a rate-based probability distribution.

Electrospun Nanofiber Supported Nano/Mesoscale Covalent Organic Frameworks Boost Iodine Sorption.

Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs) are benchmark materials for iodine sorption, but their use has largely been confined to crystalline bulk forms. In this state, COFs face diffusion limitations leading to slow sorption kinetics. To address this, a series of [2 + 3] imine-linked COFs with varying particle sizes and morphologies (mesospheres, nanoflowers, and bulk) is synthesized.

Innovative grey water treatment using eco-friendly bio-photocatalyst AgCuFeO@chitosan in the presence of synergistic effects of persulfate activation: optimization and mechanisms.

In this study, AgCuFeO@Chitosan bio-photocatalyst was synthesized to make the most of environmental benignity and chemical stability for advanced greywater applications. The photocatalyst was evaluated under UV irradiation by synergistic activation of persulfate. FESEM, EDS-Mapping, and BET analyses showed quasi-spherical nanoparticles with a homogeneous size distribution, homogenous elements dispersion, and 15.

Insight into peroxidase-mediated Morinda citrifolia L. (noni) fruit juice browning and precipitation, and a thermal inactivation strategy.

Peroxidase-mediated enzymatic browning during the process of noni fruit juice causes major color deterioration and precipitation, which negatively affects consumer acceptance of the juice. The purpose of this study was to understand the browning and precipitate formation mechanisms in noni fruit juice and improve its quality. Peroxidase was isolated from noni fruit via gel separation purification and characterized for its kinetic properties.

Atmospheric reaction of CH=CHCHOCFCHF with OH radicals and Cl atoms, UV and IR absorption cross sections, and global warming potential.

In this work, the rate coefficients for OH radical, k(T), and Cl atom, k(T), reaction with allyl 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl ether, CH=CHCHOCFCHF, were studied as a function of temperature and pressure in a collaborative effort made between UCLM, Spain, and LAPKIN, Greece. OH rate coefficients were determined in UCLM, between 263 and 353 K and 50-600 Torr, using the absolute rate method of pulsed laser photolysis-laser-induced fluorescence technique, while Cl kinetics were studied in temperature (260-363 K) and pressure (34-721 Torr) ranges, using the relative rate method of the thermostated photochemical reactor equipped with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy as the detection technique. In both OH and Cl reactions, a negative temperature dependence of the measured rate coefficients was observed, which is consistent with complex association reactions.

Chlorination of quorum sensing molecules: Kinetics and transformation pathways.

The impact of chlorination on quorum sensing molecules (QSMs) is not often addressed in disinfection research. Yet pathogenicity and biofilm formation are controlled by quorum sensing (QS) in many bacteria. Chemical transformation of the compounds could have an impact on all of these processes.

Effect of trehalose dehydration on crystal morphology and food caking during post-treatment.

Morphological changes of trehalose crystals during drying and reprocessing lead to a series of post-processing problems, which result in a significant investment in production costs. In this work, the mechanism of drying temperature on the morphology and caking behavior of trehalose was investigated. When the drying temperature was too high (≥393.

Freeze-drying synthesis of mesoporous magnetic grafted chitosan/calcium oxide nanoparticle for remazol brilliant blue dye removal: A statistical optimization.

Herein, a mesoporous magnetic chitosan-salicylaldehyde/calcium oxide nanoparticle (CS-SL/CaO/FeO) biocomposite adsorbent that was prepared via freeze-drying. The CS-SL/CaO/FeO was utilized for the adsorption of ramazol brilliant blue (RBB) dye from aqueous solution. The physicochemical properties of the CS-SL/CaO/FeO were evaluated using diverse characterization techniques, including BET, XRD, FTIR, FESEM-EDX, CHNS, and pH.

Space-confined mediation of electron transfer for efficient biomolecular solar conversion.

Solar-converting nanosystems using self-renewing biomaterial resources carry great potential for developing sustainable technologies to ameliorate climate change and minimize reliance on fossil fuels. By mimicking natural photosynthesis, diverse proof-of-concept biosolar systems have been used to produce green electricity, fuels and chemicals. Efforts so far have focused on optimizing light harvesting, biocatalyst loading and electron transfer (ET), however, the long-term performance of best-performing systems remains a major challenge due to the intensive use of diffusive, toxic mediators.

Catalytic Reactor-Utilized Ammonia Adsorption, Absorption, and Storage Materials: Mechanism, Nanostructure, and Design.

As the world's technological development shifts toward a sustainable energy future by harnessing renewable energy sources, ammonia is gaining recognition as a complementary green vector to hydrogen. This energy-dense carbon-neutral fuel is capable of overcoming hydrogen's limitations in terms of storage, distribution, and infrastructure deployment. The biggest challenge to the global use of ammonia as an energy storage medium remains more efficient, readily deployable production of ammonia from abundant, yet intermittent, sources.