Novel D-Ribofuranosyl Tetrazoles: Synthesis, Characterization, In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity, and Computational Studies.

The goal of this study was to synthesize and evaluate new antimicrobial compounds. We specifically focused on the development of 2,5-disubstituted tetrazole derivatives containing the O-methyl-2,3-O-isopropylidene-(D)-ribofuranoside groups through N-alkylation reactions. The synthesized compounds were characterized using H and C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy.

Lanostane Triterpenes, Flavanones and Acetogenins from the Roots of and Their Cytotoxic Activity.

Our phytochemical investigation of the roots of led to the isolation of two new lanostane triterpenes, 3-acetylpolycarpol () and 15-acetylpolycarpol (), as well as 15 known compounds (-). The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated by an analysis of spectroscopic data. Compounds - were tested against nonsmall cell lung cancer cells (A549) and human cervical carcinoma cells (HeLa) using an MTT assay.

Highly Green Fluorescent Carbon Dots from Gallic Acid: A Turn-On Sensor toward Pb Ions.

Carbon dots (CDs) are emerging novel fluorescent sensing nanomaterials owing to their tunable optical properties, biocompatibility, and eco-friendliness. Herein, we report a facile one-pot hydrothermal route for the synthesis of highly green fluorescent CDs using gallic acid (GA) as a single carbon source in ,-dimethylformamide (DMF) solvent, which serves as a nitrogen source and reaction medium. The optical properties of the synthesized GA-DMF CDs were systematically characterized by using UV-vis and photoluminescence spectroscopy, revealing strong green fluorescence.

Enhanced Corneal Repair with Hyaluronic Acid/Proanthocyanidins Nanoparticles.

This study investigates the therapeutic potential of hyaluronic acid/proanthocyanidin (HA/PAC) nanoparticles in treating alkali-induced corneal burns. Alkali burns are common ocular emergencies that can lead to severe vision impairment if not promptly and properly treated. The low water solubility of proanthocyanidins (PACs), which are potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents, limits their bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy.

Chiral Recognition of Butylone by Methylated β-Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complexes: Molecular Calculations and Two-Level Factorial Designs.

The integration of molecular docking and AM1 calculations has elucidated the complexation behavior of butylone enantiomers with methylated β-cyclodextrin derivatives. Our study reveals that butylone can adopt two distinct conformations within the β-cyclodextrin cavity, with one conformation being preferentially stabilized due to its favorable binding energy. This conformation preference is influenced by the methylation at the O2, O3, and O6 positions of β-cyclodextrin, which significantly affects complex stability and solvation properties.

Evidence of a 4.33 billion year age for the Moon's South Pole-Aitken basin.

The Moon's farside South Pole-Aitken (SPA) basin is the largest and oldest visible impact basin in the inner Solar System. Determining the timing of this catastrophic event is key to understanding the onset of the lunar basin-forming epoch, with implications for understanding the impact bombardment history of the inner Solar System. Despite this, the formation age of the SPA basin remains poorly constrained.

Hypophysectomy, pituitary neuroadenolysis and pituitary radiosurgery for the treatment of refractory cancer pain: a historical review and mechanism investigation.

Refractory cancer pain affects 10-20% of patients with advanced malignancies and is not adequately controlled by opioids. The intrathecal therapy is an effective interventional procedure for referral, but the implanted infusion pumps are costly and the refilling requires technical expertise. Hypophysectomy, in its three stages-surgical, chemical, and radiosurgical-has emerged as an alternative for managing this pain.

A paradigmatic approach to the topological measure of babesiosis drugs and estimating physical properties via QSPR analysis.

New developments in the field of chemical graph theory have made it easier to comprehend how chemical structures relate to the graphs that underlie them on a more profound level using the ideas of classical graph theory. Chemical graphs can be effectively probed with the help of quantitative structure-property relationship (QSPR) analysis. In order to statistically correlate physical attributes.

Human head and neck cancer cell lines response to cold atmospheric plasma activated media is affected by the chemistry of culture media.

Survival rate of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) patients are still to date very poor, and the application of innovative clinical approaches are urgently needed. Cold atmospheric plasmas (CAPs) are partially ionized gases that have shown anti-tumor effectiveness over a wide range of cancer types with potential application into clinics. However, the comprehension of the mechanisms underlying indirect CAP effects plays a key role for the prediction of treatment outcomes.

In-vitro study of hybrid silver nanoparticles with humic acid extracted from cow dung against pathogens.

Recently, researchers have used silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) coupled with humic acid (HA) as antimicrobial agents. Herein, AgNPs were prepared and coupled with humic acid for their antimicrobial activities. The as-prepared AgNPs coupled with humic acid (HA) were characterized by an atomic force microscope (AFM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), zeta potential, zeta sizer, Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and UV-VIS spectrophotometer.

Risk assessment and photo-disinfection of antibiotic residues and antibiotic-resistant bacteria in water sources from Ede, Nigeria.

Environmental antibiotic residues (EARs) and antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) are known to contribute to global antimicrobial resistance (AMR). This study investigated EAR levels in selected wells, river, abattoir wastewater, bottled water and sachet water from Ede, Nigeria. Ecological risk quotient (RQ) and health risk (Hazard quotient) of the levels of these EARs, ARB and multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDR) with their antibiotic resistance were calculated.

Novel methods for the detection of glutathione by surface-enhanced Raman scattering: A perspective review.

Detection of biomolecules, Glutathione (GSH) in particular, is important because it helps assess antioxidant capacity, cellular protection, detoxification processes, and potential disease associations. Monitoring glutathione levels can provide valuable information about overall health and well-being. Many medical disorders have been connected to glutathione levels.

Neutrophil-derived apoptotic body membranes-fused exosomes targeting treatment for myocardial infarction.

Myocardial infarction (MI) poses a substantial threat to human health, prompting extensive research into effective treatment modalities. Preclinical studies have demonstrated the therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes for cardiac repair. Despite their promise, the inherent limitations of natural exosomes, mainly their restricted targeting capabilities, present formidable barriers to clinical transformation.

The redox aspects of lithium-ion batteries.

This article aims to present the redox aspects of lithium-ion batteries both from a thermodynamic and from a conductivity viewpoint. We first recall the basic definitions of the electrochemical potential of the electron, and of the Fermi level for a redox couple in solutions. The Fermi level of redox solids such as metal oxide particles is then discussed, and a Nernst equation is derived for two ideal systems, namely an ideally homogenous phase where the oxidised and reduced metal ions are homogeneously distributed and two segregated phases where the oxidised and the reduced metal ions are separated in two distinct phases such as observed, for example, in biphasic lithium iron phosphate.

The input of organic fertilizer can improve soil physicochemical properties and increase cotton yield in southern Xinjiang.

In this study, the improvement effect of different organic substances on compacted cohesive soil in southern Xinjiang was discussed, with emphasis on the influence of different organic substances on soil chemical properties and microorganisms, so as to determine the best carbon source input and provide theoretical support for the rational utilization of organic materials in southern Xinjiang. Field experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of farm fertilizer, biochar, commercial organic fertilizer, microbial fertilizer and mineral potassium humate on physical and chemical properties of viscous soil, agronomic properties and yield of cotton, with three gradients for each organic fertilizer. The results showed that: (1) all organic fertilizers improved soil structure, among which farm fertilizer significantly reduced soil bulk density and salinity, increased soil organic matter, total nitrogen and available nutrients, and thus increased cotton height, stem diameter and yield.

Highly selective ethanol gas sensor based on CdS/TiCT MXene composites.

Sensing of hazardous gases has an important role in ensuring safety in a variety of industries as well as environments. Mainly produced by the combustion of fossil fuels and other organic matter, ethanol is a dangerous gas that endangers human health and the environment. Stability and sensing sensitivity are major considerations when designing gas sensors.

Plasmonic heating by indium tin oxide nanoparticles: spectrally enabling decoupled near-infrared theranostics.

All-optical theranostic systems are sought after in nanomedicine, since they combine in a single platform therapeutic and diagnostic capabilities. Commonly in these systems the therapeutic and diagnostic/imaging functions are accomplished with plasmonic photothermal agents and luminescent nanoparticles (NPs), respectively. For maximized performance and minimized side effects, these two modalities should be independently activated, , in a decoupled way, using distinct near infrared (NIR) wavelengths: a radiation window wherein photon-tissue interaction is reduced.

Recent developments and challenges of molecular design in linear cyanido-bridged multimetallic complexes.

Cyanido-bridged multimetallic complexes have been extensively studied for their potential applications in molecular electronics and spintronics. The design of these complexes involves the strategic placement of metal centers and the use of cyanide bridges to facilitate electron transfer between metal ions. The challenges in this field include the precise control of the electronic states and the stability of the complexes under various conditions.

Negative linear compressibility and structural stability of the energetic material -hexanitrostilbene under pressure.

The structural stability of the energetic material 2,2',4,4',6,6'-hexanitrostilbene (-HNS) under high pressure is critical for optimizing its detonation performance and low sensitivity. However, its structural response to external pressure has not been sufficiently investigated. In this study, high-pressure single-crystal X-ray diffraction data of -HNS demonstrate that the sample exhibits pronounced anisotropic strain, demonstrating an unusual negative linear compressibility (NLC) along the axis, with a coefficient of -4.

How grain structure evolution affects the kinetics of a solid-state reaction: a case of interaction between iridium and zirconium carbide.

This work investigates the solid-state reaction between iridium and zirconium carbide, resulting in the formation of carbon and ZrIr-an intermetallic compound of great interest for modern high-temperature materials science. We have found a transition of kinetic regimes in this reaction: from linear kinetics (when the chemical reaction is a limiting stage) at 1500 and 1550 °C to 'non-parabolic kinetics' at 1600 °C. Non-parabolic kinetics is characterized by the thickness of the product layer being proportional to a power of time less than 1/2.

Nitric oxide as integral element in priming- induced tolerance and plant stress memory.

The beneficial effects of priming technology are aimed at the promotion of growth and development and stress tolerance in plants. Different seed pre-treatment and vegetative priming approaches (osmo-, chemical, physical, hormonal, redox treatments) increase the level of nitric oxide (NO) being an active contributor to growth regulation and defence responses. On the other hand, seed pre-treatment or vegetative priming mainly with the NO donor, sodium nitroprusside (SNP) helps to mitigate different abiotic stresses like salinity, cold, drought, excess metals.

Monitoring the Fate of Zn in the Cu/ZnO/ZrO2 Catalyst during CO2-to-Methanol Synthesis at High Conversions by Operando Spectroscopy.

In the frame of developing a sustainable chemical industry, heterogeneously catalyzed CO2 hydrogenation to methanol has attracted considerable interest. However, the Cu-Zn based catalyst system employed in this process is very dynamic, especially in the presence of the products methanol and water. Deactivation needs to be prevented, but its origin and mechanism are hardly investigated at high conversion where product condensation is possible.

Ultrabright and Stable Red Perovskite Nanocrystals in Micro Light-Emitting Diodes Using Flow Chemistry System.

Addressing the challenges of the efficiency and stability of red perovskite nanocrystals is imperative for the successful deployment of these materials in displays and lighting applications. the structural dynamic changes of red perovskite quantum dots (PQDs) are explored using a flow chemistry system to solve the above hurdles. First, the ultrabright red-emitting PQDs of CsPb(Br,I) are achieved by adjusting ligand distribution (oleic acid and oleyamine) in combination with different flow rates and equivalence ratios.

Surface-Confined Disordered Hydrogen Bonds Enable Efficient Lithium Transport in All-Solid-State PEO-Based Lithium Battery.

Polyethylene oxide (PEO)-based electrolytes are essential to advance all-solid-state lithium batteries (ASSLBs) with high safety/energy density due to their inherent flexibility and scalability. However, the inefficient Li+ transport in PEO often leads to poor rate performance and diminished stability of the ASSLBs. The regulation of intermolecular H-bonds is regarded as one of the most effective approaches to enable efficient Li+ transport, while the practical performances are hindered by the electrochemical instability of free H-bond donors and the constrained mobility of highly ordered H-bonding structures.

Construction of organic heterojunctions as metal-free photocatalysts for enhancing water splitting and phenol degradation by regulating charge flow.

Metal-free photocatalysts derived from earth-abundant elements have drawn significant attention owing to their ample supply for potential large-scale applications. However, it is still challenging to achieve highly efficient photocatalytic performance owing to their sluggish charge separation and lack of active catalytic sites. Herein, we designed and constructed a series of covalently bonded organic semiconductors to enhance water splitting and phenol degradation.