Potential similarities in gut microbiota composition between autism spectrum disorder and neurotypical siblings: Insights from a comprehensive meta-analysis.

Background: Previous studies have explored the differences in gut microbiota (GM) between individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and neurotypical controls. However, factors such as diet, lifestyle, and environmental exposure influence GM, leading to significant variability, even among neurotypical individuals. Comparing the GM of ASD individuals with neurotypical siblings, who share similar genes and living conditions, may offer better insights into the GM mechanisms associated with ASD.

Neurostimulation on lumbosacral nerves as a new treatment for spinal cord injury impairments and its impact on cortical activity: a narrative review.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) can cause significant motor, sensory, and autonomic dysfunction by disrupting neural connections. As a result, it is a global health challenge that requires innovative interventions to improve outcomes. This review assesses the wide-ranging impacts of SCI and focuses on the laparoscopic implantation of neuroprosthesis (LION) as an emerging and promising rehabilitation technique.

Initial Validation of the Mandarin Translation of the Stanford Social Dimensions Scale (SSDS).

This study aimed to validate the Mandarin translation of the Stanford Social Dimensions Scale (SSDS). The initial validation sample consisted of 480 children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) (M = 9.35).

Supporting healthcare professionals from ethnic minority backgrounds to 'Step Into' a clinical academic career.

Background: There is a need to develop research focussed healthcare professionals with the clinical experience and academic skills to meet the needs of a diverse population. Yet, healthcare professionals from ethnic minority backgrounds are often faced with personal, structural or organisational barriers, which prevent them from accessing and applying for development opportunities.

Aim: To undertake an evaluation of the Step into Clinical Academic Careers' programme.

Beyond borders: The moderating role of cultural religiosity in the relationship between moral circle and generosity.

Research has indicated a link between the moral circle and an individual's prosocial behaviour. However, it remains uncertain whether this relationship holds across a broader range of countries and is influenced by sociocultural contexts. Drawing from an international dataset encompassing 49,540 participants from 57 countries, this study examined the impact of the moral circle on an individual's generosity and the moderating role of cultural religiosity.

Unidimensional or multidimensional? Revisiting the psychometrics of PHQ-9 and EPDS using bifactor model and item response theory in 2939 Chinese perinatal women.

Background: Perinatal depression often goes undetected and untreated in low- and middle-income countries like China. Reliable screening tools can improve this situation. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), two widely used tools, often exhibit inconsistent factor structures, leading to debates regarding their unidimensionality versus multidimensionality and casting doubts on their psychometric properties.

Managing medications for patients with cancer and chronic conditions: It's time for collaboration between primary care and oncology pharmacists.

Objective: To provide a rationale for a collaborative care model involving oncology and primary care pharmacists to improve the coordination of care of medications for cancer patients with multiple chronic conditions.

Data Sources: A review of selected literature and the authors' own research was used. Studies illustrating the gaps in care for medications and pharmacists' roles in oncology and primary care settings from PubMed were reviewed.

Reliability and Validity of Revised Apathy Evaluation Scale-Self in Community-Dwelling Older Adults.

Objectives: The questionnaire Apathy Evaluation Scale-Self (AES-S) has been widely adopted globally, demonstrating high reliability and validity. However, direct translation of the AES into Chinese does not fit well into the Chinese cultural setting, so a structured and comprehensive revision is needed to obtain a high reliability and validity version of the scale.

Methods: In this study, 436 adults aged ≥ 60 years from two communities in Beijing were assessed using a modified AES-S.

Construct Validity, Longitudinal Measurement Invariance, Incremental Validity, and Predictive Validity of the Original Grit Scale in Chinese Young Adults.

Although many studies have attempted to validate grit scales because of the construct's popularity, most have considered the shorter rather than the longer Original Grit Scale (Grit-O). We examined the Grit-O's construct validity, longitudinal measurement invariance, incremental validity for academic performance, and longitudinal predictive validity for subjective well-being among young Chinese. We used a cross-sectional sample of 3,322 college students and a longitudinal sample of 1,884 college students, tested twice over 10 months.

Beliefs About Cannabis Use Among Male and Female Andalusian Adolescents.

This study assessed potential differences between girls and boys in the prevalence rates of cannabis use, sociodemographic factors, and beliefs about cannabis use. 1,896 Andalusian adolescents aged 14-18 participated in an online survey based on the I-Change model. The survey assessed their beliefs about cannabis use, including attitudes, social influences, self-efficacy, action planning, and intention to use.

Topical oxygen therapy and singlet oxygen in wound healing: A scoping review.

The aim of this scoping review was to provide an overview of current research into topical oxygen therapies including the under-researched singlet oxygen for wound healing. A scoping review was undertaken using five databases. After duplicates and ineligible studies were excluded, 49 studies were included for a narrative review.

Competencies for Transformational Leadership in Public Health-An International Delphi Consensus Study.

This Delphi study intended to develop competencies for transformational leadership in public health, including behavioral descriptions (descriptors) tailored to individuals and their contexts. The study involved five rounds, including online "e-Delphi" consultations and real-time online workshops with experts from diverse sectors. Relevant competencies were identified through a literature review, and experts rated, ranked, rephrased, and proposed descriptors.

Dyadic effects of stigma on quality of life in people with schizophrenia and their family caregivers: Mediating role of patients' perception of caregivers' expressed emotion.

Schizophrenia, as a stressful diagnosis, profoundly impacts the whole family, especially people with schizophrenia and their caregivers. This study tested the potential mediating role of expressed emotion in the association between mental health stigma and quality of life in caregiver-patient dyads. Using a 2-wave longitudinal design with a 6-month interval between assessments, 161 dyads of patients with schizophrenia and their family caregivers (one patient and one caregiver) completed measures of mental health stigma, expressed emotion, and quality of life.

Evaluation of Delayed Effective Discharge for Non-Medical Reasons in Patients Admitted to Acute Care Hospitals in Spain: A Scoping Review.

Delayed discharge for non-clinical reasons is defined as a period of stay that continues after a patient has been deemed medically fit to leave the hospital but is unable to do so for non-medical reasons. This circumstance overburdens the healthcare system and constitutes a major problem for healthcare systems and the patients themselves in this situation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the delay in effective discharge for non-medical reasons for patients admitted to acute care hospitals in Spain.

The Impact of MRSA Colonization on Healthcare-Associated Infections in Long-Term Care Facility Residents: A Whole-Genome Sequencing-Based Study.

Methicillin-resistant (MRSA) colonization has been considered a risk factor for the development of infection, however, there are no studies that have compared the colonizing and infecting strains using whole-genome sequencing (WGS). The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of and risk factors for MRSA colonization among long-term care facilities (LTCF) residents of Tenerife (Spain), and to analyze the epidemiological relationship between the colonizing and infecting strains using WGS. A point-prevalence study was carried out at 14 LTCFs in Tenerife from October 2020 to May 2021.

Pursuing Harmony and Fulfilling Responsibility: A Qualitative Study of the Orientation to Happiness (OTH) in Chinese Culture.

Happiness is the ultimate life goal for most people, and the pursuit of happiness serves as the fundamental motivation driving human behavior. Orientation to Happiness (OTH) represents the aspect that individuals seek when making decisions or engaging in activities, including values, priorities, motivations, ideals, and goals. Nevertheless, existing research has predominantly approached OTH from an individualistic perspective, emphasizing an individual's internal emotional state and personal goals, thereby neglecting the significant influence of a collectivist cultural background on the pursuit of happiness.

Mediating effects of parent-child dysfunctional interactions in the relationship between parenting distress and social-emotional problems and competencies.

This study investigated the association between parenting distress and four variables of young children's social-emotional problems and competencies: externalizing, internalizing, and dysregulation problems, and social-emotional competencies, and whether parent-child dysfunctional interactions mediated these associations. Participants were Chinese toddlers (N = 711) aged 24-36 months in family (44.3%) and center-based (55.

Divergence and Convergence of the Public Health Leadership Competency Framework Against Others in Undergraduate Medical Education: A Scoping Review.

The following scoping review is aimed at identifying leadership competency frameworks in Undergraduate Medical Education (UME) by analyzing the thematic scopes, target audiences, and methods involved. A further objective is to compare the frameworks against a standard framework. The authors extracted the thematic scope and methods of each framework based on the original author's formulations in each selected paper.