Crosstalk between lactate and tumor-associated immune cells: clinical relevance and insight.

Lactate, which was traditionally viewed as a metabolic byproduct of anaerobic glycolysis, has emerged as a significant signaling molecule involved in the development of tumors. Current studies highlight its dual function, where it not only fuels tumor development but also modulates immune responses. Lactate has an effect on various tumor-associated immune cells, promoting immunosuppressive conditions that facilitate tumor growth and immune evasion.

High-throughput discovery and deep characterization of cyclin-CDK docking motifs.

Cyclin-CDKs are master regulators of cell division. In addition to directly activating the CDK, the cyclin subunit regulates CDK specificity by binding short peptide "docking" motifs in CDK substrates. Here, we measure the relative binding strength of ~100,000 peptides to 11 human cyclins from five cyclin families (D, E, A, B and F).

Treatment with TNFα and lipolysis-stimulated lipoprotein receptor (LSR) antibody in the presence of HDAC inhibitors promotes apoptosis in human salivary duct adenocarcinoma.

Lipolysis-stimulated lipoprotein receptor (LSR), a lipid metabolism-related factor localized in tricellular tight junctions (tTJs), plays an important role in maintaining the epithelial homeostasis. LSR is highly expressed in well-differentiated cancers, and its expression decreases during malignancy. The LSR antibody inhibits cell growth and promotes apoptosis in some cancers.

TMP: A dual modulator of apoptosis and autophagy via SHP-1 regulation in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) poses a significant health burden due to its high incidence, and current treatment effectiveness is hindered by drug resistance. Thus, investigation of novel therapeutic approaches derived from natural sources is crucial for improving patient outcomes.

Aims: This study aimed to explore the potential of Tetramethylpyrazine (TMP), bioactive alkaloid (ligustrazine) isolated from Chuanxiong (Ligusticum Wallichii), in targeting HCC by inducing apoptosis and enhancing autophagy.

Transformative or transitional? Deciphering the role of NIAGARA in shaping future practice.

The phase 3 NIAGARA trial demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in event-free and overall survival in cisplatin-eligible patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer treated with perioperative durvalumab in combination with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, compared to neoadjuvant chemotherapy alone. The combination was manageable and did not adversely impact surgery. NIAGARA positions perioperative durvalumab with chemotherapy as a potential new standard of care.

Persist or resist: Immune checkpoint inhibitors in EGFR-mutated NSCLC.

Although epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs), especially third-generation TKIs, have significantly improved the progression-free survival and overall survival of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with EGFR mutation, TKI resistance is inevitable for most patients. Over the past few years, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have significantly improved the survival for EGFR-wild type NSCLC patients. However, no significantly improved benefits were observed with ICI monotherapy in EGFR-mutated patients.

Population-based germline testing of , and in breast cancer patients in the United Kingdom: Evidence to support extended testing, and definition of groups who may not require testing.

Purpose: To assess the contribution of germline pathogenic variants (PVs) in population-based series of breast cancers and the best strategy to improve detection rates.

Methods: Three cohort studies were utilized, including a hospital-based series identified from new UK mainstream testing criteria (group-1), offering testing to all women (group-2-BReast CAncer [BRCA]-DIRECT), and a Greater Manchester cohort study recruited from the mammography screening population (group-3-Predicting Risk of Cancer at Screening). DNA samples from women with breast cancer were sequenced for PVs in , , and Partner and Localiser of BRCA2 ().

Genetics Adviser: The development and usability testing of a new patient digital health application to support clinical genomic testing.

Purpose: Increasing demand for genomic testing coupled with genetics workforce shortages has placed unsustainable pressure on standard models of care. Digital tools can offer improved access, efficiency, and cost savings. We created a patient-facing digital health application to support genomic testing.

Dynamic changes in serum adenosine and the adenosine metabolism-based signature for prognosis in HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer patients.

Aims: Adenosine metabolism in the breast cancer microenvironment is critical for tumor immunity. However, the prognostic significance of adenosine in breast cancer remains unclear. We aimed to dynamically monitor serum adenosine levels in patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients and to explore its predictive significance in trastuzumab therapy.

lncRNA TCONS_00251376 promotes the proliferation and migration of gastric cancer cell through upregulating ETV1.

Background: Although there have been significant advancements in the treatment modalities for gastric cancer (GC) in recent years, the overall prognosis remains poor, particularly for individuals in advanced stages. The absence of a sensitive tumor marker in GC is a crucial factor contributing to this challenge.

Methods: Our study focused on investigating a newly discovered long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) known as TCONS_00251376, which has been confirmed to exhibit differential expression in GC compared to adjacent tissues.

Dramatic Response to Ensartinib in Metastatic Neuroendocrine Tumors With a Novel CEP44-ALK Fusion: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Neuroendocrine tumor (NET) is a deadly malignancy disease that can be found anywhere in the body. The lack of tumor-specific treatment led to the worse prognosis of NET. Anaplastic lymphoma kinase-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (ALK-TKIs), such as alectinib and crizotinib, have been used in the treatment of NET patients with ALK rearrangement.

CXCL12-targeted immunomodulatory gene therapy reduces radiation-induced fibrosis in healthy tissues.

Radiation-induced fibrosis (RIF) is a progressive pathology deleteriously impacting cancer survivorship. CXCL12 is an immune-stromal signal implicated in fibrosis and innate response. We hypothesised that modulation of CXCL12 would phenotypically mitigate RIF.

MST1 interactomes profiling across cell death in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Objectives: Resistance to apoptosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) constitutes a significant impediment to treatment efficacy. Exploring alternative cell death pathways and their regulatory factors beyond apoptosis is crucial for overcoming drug resistance and enhancing therapeutic outcomes in ESCC.

Methods: Mammalian Ste 20-like kinase 1 (MST1) is implicated in regulating various cell deaths, including apoptosis, autophagy, and pyroptosis.

Primary retroperitoneal lymph node dissection in clinical stage 2a/b non-seminomatous germ cell tumour.

Objectives: To reassess the role of primary retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) in patients with marker-negative non-seminomatous germ cell tumour (NSGCT) clinical stage (CS) 2a, to explore results in patients with CS 2b and to evaluate surgical methods, recurrence, and adjuvant chemotherapy indications.

Materials And Methods: Data from 17 institutions were collected, comprising 305 men who underwent primary RPLND for CS 2 NSGCT. Regression analyses were conducted to predict histology in the RPLND specimen and disease-free survival (DFS).

Lignin-based cryogels for advancing sustainable crop production via enhanced nutrient accessibility and growth efficiency.

Sustainable lignin-based materials are becoming increasingly valuable in agriculture, where climate change and nutrient deficiencies threaten crop productivity. We developed lignin-derived cryogels using waste biomass to improve soil nutrients, seed germination, water retention, and photosynthetic pigment levels. These cryogels were synthesized with gum Arabic (GA), keratin (K), and N-vinylpyrrolidone at lignin concentrations of 0.

Three-dimensional characteristics of T cells and vasculature in the development of mouse esophageal cancer.

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a common malignancy, characterized by a multistep pathogenic process regulated spatiotemporally within the esophageal epithelial microenvironment, including vessel normalization and immune infiltration. However, empirical evidence elucidating esophageal vascular remodeling and immune infiltration during ESCC tumorigenesis is lacking. In this study, utilizing a mouse model recapitulating progressive human ESCC stages, we established a tissue clearing workflow for three-dimensional visualization and analysis of esophageal vessels and T cell distribution.

Alternating modified CAPOX/CAPIRI plus bevacizumab in untreated unresectable metastatic colorectal cancer: a phase 2 trial.

Previous studies showed encouraging efficacy of alternating FOLFOX/FOLFIRI for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). This phase 2 trial (NCT04324476) aimed to evaluate efficacy and safety of alternating modified CAPOX (capecitabine and oxaliplatin)/modified CAPIRI (capecitabine and irinotecan) plus bevacizumab (anti-VEGF-A antibody) in untreated unresectable mCRC. Induction treatment included capecitabine 1000 mg/m bid D2-8 and D16-22, oxaliplatin 85 mg/m D1, irinotecan 150 mg/m D15, and bevacizumab 5 mg/kg D1 and 15 for 28-day cycles (up to six cycles).

Label-free multiplexed detection based on core-shell photonic barcodes integrated RCA.

Multiplexed, rapid, and accurate virus quantification is of great value in biomedical detection. Herein, we proposed a label-free multiplexed virus screening quantitative biosensor based on color core-shell hydrogel photonic crystal (PhC) barcode integrated rolling circle amplification (RCA). The composite hydrogel shell was formed by acrylic acid and polyethylene glycol diacrylate, and the core silica photonic crystal was used as a detector.

Treatment of Pediatric, Adolescent, and Young Adult Patients With Fusion-Positive Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma Infiltrating Regional Lymph Nodes in the European CWS-2002P and RMS 2005 Studies and the Soft Tissue Sarcoma Registry.

Background: Patients with alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (ARMS) with regional lymph node involvement (N1) are defined as "very-high-risk rhabdomyosarcoma" in Europe. Different chemotherapy regimens were used in European study protocols.

Methods: Patients with FOXO1 fusion-positive N1 ARMS registered in the CWS-2002P study, the EpSSG RMS 2005 study, and SoTiSaR were retrospectively investigated.

Evaluation of a combined model of Polygenic Risk Score and mismatch repair genes in the association of colorectal cancer for Norwegian cohort.

Background And Aims: Recent studies have shown that combining polygenic risk score (PRS) and carrier status for germline pathogenic variants in colorectal cancer (CRC) susceptibility genes (e.g. ) may increase the success of predicting CRC.

Construction of a prognostic model based on cuproptosis-related genes and exploration of the value of DLAT and DLST in the metastasis for non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: To reveal the clinical value of cuproptosis-related genes on prognosis and metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer.

Methods: Gene expression profiles and clinical information of non-small cell lung cancer were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus databases. The data were grouped into training set, internal testing set, and external testing set.