Real-world patient characteristics and survival outcomes in patients with advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer in England: a retrospective, population-based study.

Objective: This study defined a retrospective cohort of patients in England with primary advanced or recurrent (A/R) endometrial cancer (EC) who may have been eligible for clinical trials evaluating immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in the first-line (1L) setting within a real-world dataset, and described the characteristics, treatment patterns and outcomes within this cohort.

Design: This was a retrospective, population-based study.

Setting: Routine population-level data from the National Cancer Registration and Analysis Service in England were used.

Expert recommendations on treatment sequencing and challenging clinical scenarios in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive (HER2-positive) metastatic breast cancer.

Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) overexpression and/or ERBB2 gene amplification occurs in approximately 15-20% of breast cancers and is associated with poor prognosis. While the introduction of HER2-targeted therapies has significantly improved survival in patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer, the incidence of brain metastases has increased due to patients living longer. Current recommendations sequence treatments by line of therapy, as well as by the status of brain metastases in patients with HER2-positive breast cancer.

Bromodomain proteins as potential therapeutic targets for B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

Background: B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL) is the most common type of lymphoma and is significantly heterogeneous among various subtypes. Despite of considerable advancements in treatment strategies for B-NHL, the prognosis of relapsed/refractory patients remains poor.

Main Text: It has been indicated that epigenetic dysregulation is critically associated with the pathogenesis of most hematological malignancies, resulting in the clinical targeting of epigenetic modifications.

Safety and Tolerability of Letetresgene Autoleucel (Lete-cel; GSK3377794): Pilot Studies in Patients With Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Purpose: To evaluate safety, tolerability, and anti-tumor response of lete-cel, genetically modified autologous T-cells expressing a T-cell receptor specific for NY-ESO-1/LAGE-1a shared epitope, alone or in combination with pembrolizumab, in human leukocyte antigen HLA-A*02-positive (HLA-A*02:01-, HLA-A*02:05-, and/or HLA-A*02:06-) patients with New York esophageal squamous cell carcinoma 1 (NY-ESO-1)- and/or LAGE-1a-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Experimental Design: Study 208749 was a single-arm study of lete-cel alone. Study 208471 was a multi-arm study of lete-cel alone or in combination with pembrolizumab in patients with advanced or recurrent NSCLC.

Artificial intelligence application in the diagnosis and treatment of bladder cancer: advance, challenges, and opportunities.

Bladder cancer (BC) is a serious and common malignant tumor of the urinary system. Accurate and convenient diagnosis and treatment of BC is a major challenge for the medical community. Due to the limited medical resources, the existing diagnosis and treatment protocols for BC without the assistance of artificial intelligence (AI) still have certain shortcomings.

Pharmacological targeting of casein kinase 1δ suppresses oncogenic NRAS-driven melanoma.

Activating mutations in NRAS account for 15-20% of melanoma, yet effective anti-NRAS therapies are still lacking. In this study, we unveil the casein kinase 1δ (CK1δ) as an uncharacterized regulator of oncogenic NRAS mutations, specifically Q61R and Q61K, which are the most prevalent NRAS mutations in melanoma. The genetic ablation or pharmacological inhibition of CK1δ markedly destabilizes NRAS mutants and suppresses their oncogenic functions.

Recent advances in extracellular matrix manipulation for kidney organoid research.

The kidney plays a crucial role in maintaining the body's microenvironment homeostasis. However, current treatment options and therapeutic agents for chronic kidney disease (CKD) are limited. Fortunately, the advent of kidney organoids has introduced a novel model for studying kidney diseases and drug screening.

Implications of Implementing Children's Oncology Group Risk Stratification to Patients With Rhabdomyosarcoma Treated on European Paediatric Soft Tissue Sarcoma Study Group Clinical Trial.

Background: Prognostic factors are crucial in tailoring treatments for patients with rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS). The European paediatric Soft tissue sarcoma Study Group (EpSSG) and the Children's Oncology Group (COG) employ similar prognostic factors, but utilize them differently resulting in diverse stratification systems. This diversity may result in dissimilar treatment approaches for comparable patients and hinder the comparison of clinical trial results.

Lorlatinib-associated weight gain and dyslipidaemia: A retrospective analysis and implications for future care.

Objectives: The objective of our study was to benchmark the incidence and severity of lorlatinib-related weight gain and dyslipidaemia in a real-world context, to guide future therapeutic strategies to mitigate these toxicities.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective, observational analysis of patients with ALK and ROS1-positive NSCLC at a single institution in the UK who were commenced on lorlatinib from 11/2016 to 11/2022. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients prescribed lorlatinib were identified through institutional electronic pharmacy records.

Exposing 24-hour cycles in bile acids of male humans.

Bile acids are trans-genomic molecules arising from the concerted metabolism of the human host and the intestinal microbiota and are important for digestion, energy homeostasis and metabolic regulation. While diurnal variation has been demonstrated in the enterohepatic circulation and the gut microbiota, existing human data are poorly resolved, and the influence of the host circadian system has not been determined. Using entrained laboratory protocols, we demonstrate robust daily rhythms in the circulating bile acid pool in healthy male participants.

Neoadjuvant Radiotherapy and Endocrine Therapy for Oestrogen Receptor Positive Breast Cancers: The Neo-RT Feasibility Study.

Aims: To establish the safety and feasibility of delivering neoadjuvant radiotherapy and endocrine therapy for oestrogen receptor-positive breast cancers with palpable size 20mm or greater, for which radiotherapy might facilitate more conservative surgery.

Materials And Methods: A single-arm feasibility study was conducted. Patients received whole breast radiotherapy with or without radiotherapy to nodal areas.

Nanocarbon localization and 68Ga-DOTA-NOC scan in the diagnosis and management of neuroendocrine tumors (NETs): A case report.

Introduction: Reports of rectal neuroendocrine tumor (R-NET) are relatively rare. There is a lack of experience in how to accurately locate and resect metastatic lateral lymph nodes.

Case Presentation: We present a challenging case.

Diffuse pediatric high-grade glioma of methylation-based RTK2A and RTK2B subclasses present distinct radiological and histomolecular features including Gliomatosis cerebri phenotype.

Diffuse pediatric-type high-grade gliomas (pedHGG), H3- and IDH-wildtype, encompass three main DNA-methylation-based subtypes: pedHGG-MYCN, pedHGG-RTK1A/B/C, and pedHGG-RTK2A/B. Since their first description in 2017 tumors of pedHGG-RTK2A/B have not been comprehensively characterized and clinical correlates remain elusive. In a recent series of pedHGG with a Gliomatosis cerebri (GC) growth pattern, an increased incidence of pedHGG-RTK2A/B (n = 18) was observed.

The impact of psychological violence in the workplace on turnover intention of clinical nurses: the mediating role of job satisfaction.

Background: The global nursing shortage, driven by high turnover rates, significantly impacts healthcare quality. Workplace psychological violence severely affects nurses' mental health and job satisfaction, leading to increased turnover. Despite extensive research on workplace violence, the specific impact of psychological violence on nurses' turnover intentions remains insufficiently explored.

METTL14-mediated mA modification enhances USP22-ERα axis to drive breast cancer malignancy.

The abundance and activity of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) are tightly regulated by ubiquitin-specific peptidase 22 (USP22) during the progression of breast cancer (BCa). However, the post-transcriptional modifications on the USP22-ERα axis remain elusive. N6-methyladenosine (mA) is critical to modulate RNA status in eukaryotic cells.

Integrative pan-cancer analysis reveals a common architecture of dysregulated transcriptional networks characterized by loss of enhancer methylation.

Aberrant DNA methylation contributes to gene expression deregulation in cancer. However, these alterations' precise regulatory role and clinical implications are still not fully understood. In this study, we performed expression-methylation Quantitative Trait Loci (emQTL) analysis to identify deregulated cancer-driving transcriptional networks linked to CpG demethylation pan-cancer.

A quantitative intracellular peptide binding assay reveals recognition determinants and context dependence of short linear motifs.

Transient protein-protein interactions play key roles in controlling dynamic cellular responses. Many examples involve globular protein domains that bind to peptide sequences known as Short Linear Motifs (SLiMs), which are enriched in intrinsically disordered regions of proteins. Here we describe a novel functional assay for measuring SLiM binding, called Systematic Intracellular Motif Binding Analysis (SIMBA).

The use of electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy-guided microwave ablation in patients with multiple bilateral pulmonary nodules: a retrospective study of 26 cases.

Background: To treat multiple bilateral ground-glass opacities (GGOs), surgical treatments and electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy (ENB)-guided ablation therapy are recommended therapeutic measures. However, the differences between bilateral and unilateral ablation, with or without surgery, remain unknown. This study aims to evaluate the differences in efficacy among various strategies.

A meta-analysis of the prognostic significance of CDKN deletions in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.

Background: B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (B-ALL) and T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (T-ALL) are both types of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL), which is a cancer of the blood and bone marrow characterized by the rapid proliferation of immature lymphocytes. In ALL, CDKN gene deletions have been extensively studied regarding their prognostic significance. The purpose of this meta-analysis is to determine whether there is a consistent relationship between CDKN gene variations and the incidence of lymphocytic leukaemia.