Oxidised Apolipoprotein Peptidome Characterises Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease.

Background: Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) encompasses a spectrum of histological conditions ranging from simple steatosis to fibrosing steatohepatitis, and is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD). While oxidised apolipoproteins A and B have been linked to obesity and CVD, the association between other oxidised apolipoproteins and MASLD is yet to be established. To fill this gap, we characterised the circulating serum peptidome of patients with MASLD.

A roadmap to sustainable management of commercial medicinal and aromatic plants, fungi, and lichens in Nepal.

Thousands of plants, fungi, and lichen species are traded every year. Although sustainable use is critical for livelihoods and biodiversity conservation, insufficient data prevent detailed sustainability assessments for most species. How can the sustainability of trade in such data-deficient species be enhanced? We considered a country-level example of 300 medicinal and aromatic plant, fungus, and lichen species traded in tens of thousands of tons worth tens of millions of US dollars in and from Nepal annually.

One-step bioprinting of endothelialized, self-supporting arterial and venous networks.

Advances in biofabrication have enabled the generation of freeform perfusable networks mimicking vasculature. However, key challenges remain in the effective endothelialization of these complex, vascular-like networks, including cell uniformity, seeding efficiency, and the ability to pattern multiple cell types. To overcome these challenges, we present an integrated fabrication and endothelialization strategy to directly generate branched, endothelial cell-lined networks using a diffusion-based, embedded 3D bioprinting process.

CeRNA profiling and the role in regulating gonadal development in gold pompano.

Background: The golden pompano (Trachinotus ovatus) is an economically significant warm-water aquaculture species in China. The time required for sexual maturity of T. ovatus is relatively long.

Professional biobanking education in Korea based on ISO 20387.

To ensure high-quality bioresources and standardize biobanks, there is an urgent need to develop and disseminate educational training programs in accordance with ISO 20387, which was developed in 2018. The standardization of biobank education programs is also required to train biobank experts. The subdivision of categories and levels of education is necessary for jobs such as operations manager (bank president), quality manager, practitioner, and administrator.

Deciphering the endomicrobiome of Podophyllum hexandrum to reveal the endophytic bacterial-association of in-planta podophyllotoxin biosynthesis.

Understanding the change in plant-associated microbial diversity and secondary metabolite biosynthesis in medicinal plants due to their cultivation in non-natural habitat (NNH) is important to maintain their therapeutic importance. Here, the bacterial endomicrobiome of Podophyllum hexandrum plants of natural habitat (NH; Kardang and Triloknath locations) and NNH (Palampur location) was identified and its association with the biosynthesis of podophyllotoxin (PTOX) was revealed. Rhizomes (source of PTOX) of plants of NH had highest endophytic bacterial diversity compared to NNH-plants.

FRPR-1, a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) in the FMRFamide-related peptide receptor family, modulates larval development as a receptor candidate of the FMRFamide-like peptide FLP-1 in Caenorhabditis elegans.

FMRFamide-like peptides (FLPs) and their receptors FMRFamide-related peptide receptors (FRPRs) are widely conserved in free-living and parasitic nematodes. Herein, we identified FRPR-1 as a of FLP-1 receptor candidate involved in larval development and diapause in the model nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Our molecular genetic study, supported by in silico research, revealed the following: 1) frpr-1 loss-of-function completely suppresses the promotion of larval diapause caused by flp-1 overexpression; 2) AlphaFold2 analysis revealed the binding of FLP-1 to FRPR-1; 3) FRPR-1 as well as FLP-1modulates the production and secretion of the predominant insulin-like peptide DAF-28, which is produced in ASI neurons; and 4) the suppression of larval diapause by frpr-1 loss-of-function is completely suppressed by a daf-28 defect.

Development and validation of a rapid and accurate ultra performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array method for concurrent quantification of thirty-two polyphenols in edible fruit of Cordia myxa Linn.

The aim of current work was to develop a novel, simple, sensitive, and reliable method for screening and quantification of thirty-two polyphenol compounds from Cordia myxa (C. myxa) using Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography Photodiode Array detector (UPLC-PDA). With the help of the quaternary solvent manager and a comparison study of seven different columns packed with silica particles that are less than two micron thick (1.

Kidney Targeting Smart Antibiotic Discovery: Multimechanism Pleuromutilins for Pyelonephritis Therapy.

Multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria pose a global health threat, underscoring the need for new antibiotics. Lefamulin, the first novel-mechanism antibiotic approved by the FDA in decades, showcases pleuromutilins' promise due to low mutation frequency. However, their clinical use is limited by poor pharmacokinetics and organ toxicity.

Mechanistic insight into neuroprotective effect of standardized ginger chemo varieties from Manipur, India in scopolamine induced learning and memory impaired mice.

Alzheimer's disease is a complex neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive decline in cognitive function and behaviour. Ginger is the rhizome of the plant Zingiber officinale Roscoe, has been an important ingredient of many Ayurveda formulations to treat neurological disorders. The present study aims to estimate the variation of 6-gingerol content in nine different ginger samples collected from Manipur, India, investigate the neuroprotective potential of the most potent ginger sample against scopolamine-induced cognitively impaired mice, and validate the therapeutic claim by molecular docking analysis.

Gold nanorods coated with self-assembled silk fibroin for improving their biocompatibility and facilitating targeted photothermal-photodynamic cancer therapy.

Gold nanorods (AuNRs) have shown great potential as photothermal agents for cancer therapy. However, the biosafety of AuNRs ordinarily synthesized using a cationic ligand assistance procedure has always been a subject of controversy, which limits their application in tumor therapy. In this study, we propose a novel strategy to enhance the biocompatibility of AuNRs by constructing a biological coating derived from silk fibroin (SF) on their surface.

The Indo-Burma biodiversity hotspot for ferns: Updated phylogeny, hidden diversity, and biogeography of the java fern genus (Polypodiaceae).

The Indo-Burma Biodiversity Hotspot is renowned for its rich biodiversity, including that of vascular plants. However, the fern diversity and its endemism in this hotspot have not been well understood and so far, the diversity of very few groups of ferns in this region has been explored using combined molecular and morphological approaches. Here, we updated the plastid phylogeny of the Java fern genus with 226 (115% increase of the latest sampling) samples across the distribution range, specifically those of three phylogenetically significant species, , .

Transferrin Disassociates TCR from CD3 Signaling Apparatus to Promote Metastasis.

Immune recognition and activation by the peptide-laden major histocompatibility complex-T cell receptor (TCR)-CD3 complex is essential for anti-tumor immunity. Tumors may escape immune surveillance by dissembling the complex. Here, we report that transferrin, which is overexpressed in patients with liver metastasis, disassociates TCR from the CD3 signaling apparatus by targeting the constant domain (CD) of T cell receptor α (TCRα), consequently suppresses T cell activation, and inhibits anti-metastatic and anti-tumor immunity.

Stress Response of the Juvenile Tri-Spine Horseshoe Crab Tachypleus tridentatus to Hypoxia: Insights From Phenotypic, Metabolomic, and Microbial Analyses.

Over the past few decades, ocean hypoxia has been increasing due to human activities. Hypoxic stress, characterized by a reduced level of dissolved oxygen, is an escalating threat to marine ecosystems, with potentially devastating effects on the viability of endangered species such as the tri-spine horseshoe crab Tachypleus tridentatus. Even though this species is remarkably resilient to low oxygen levels, persistent hypoxia can negatively impact its population's survivability.

Epigenetics in the modern era of crop improvements.

Epigenetic mechanisms are integral to plant growth, development, and adaptation to environmental stimuli. Over the past two decades, our comprehension of these complex regulatory processes has expanded remarkably, producing a substantial body of knowledge on both locus-specific mechanisms and genome-wide regulatory patterns. Studies initially grounded in the model plant Arabidopsis have been broadened to encompass a diverse array of crop species, revealing the multifaceted roles of epigenetics in physiological and agronomic traits.

and formula alleviates depressive behaviors microglia regulation in an unpredictable chronic mild stress animal model.

Background And Aim: (CM) and (AM) are medicinal mushrooms with potential applications in the treatment of mood disorders, including depression and anxiety. While research suggests that both CM and AM possess anti-inflammatory properties and hold potential for treating depression when administered separately, there is limited knowledge about their efficacy when combined in a formula, as well as the underlying mechanism involving the modulation of microglia.

Experimental Procedure: Rats received oral administrations of the low-dose formulation, medium-dose formulation, and high-dose formulation over 28 consecutive days as part of the UCMS protocols.

Carbon dioxide-mediated catalytic pyrolysis of lignin in syngas production.

Kraft lignin (KL), a byproduct of the pulp and paper industry, is commonly combusted as a low-grade fuel. However, its high sulphur content results in the emission of sulphur oxides, which pose environmental hazards. This study explores a sustainable approach for the valorisation of waste KL into syngas via CO-mediated pyrolysis.

sp. nov., sp. nov., sp. nov. and gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from human faeces.

Small, obligately anaerobic strains 13CB8C, 13CB11C, 13CB18C and 13GAM1G were isolated from a faecal sample in a patient with Parkinson's disease with a history of duodenal resection. After conducting a comprehensive polyphasic taxonomic analysis including genomic analysis, we propose the establishment of one new genus and four new species. The novel bacteria are sp.

Comparative Investigation of the Nutritional Profiling and Antipyretic Activity of Leaves, Bark, and Root From Different Sites of Punjab, Pakistan.

The utilization of various plant sections as a medicinal and nutritional source for humans and animals has been the subject of significant research in recent years. This study aimed to investigate the nutritional profiling through proximate analysis and the antipyretic activity of leaves, bark, and root in methanolic extract from different sites of Punjab, Pakistan. Methanolic extract of leaves, bark, and root from sites i to e of Southern Punjab, Central Punjab, and Northwest Punjab as S1, S2, and S3, respectively, at doses of 50, 100, and 150 mg/kg bw showed statistically significant results as compared to the positive and negative controls.

Bis-3-chloropiperidines: a novel motif for anthelmintic drug design.

Parasites account for huge economic losses by infecting agriculturally important plants and animals. Furthermore, morbidity and death caused by parasites affect a large part of the world population, especially in economically weak regions. Anthelmintic drugs to tackle this challenge remain scarce and their efficiency becomes increasingly endangered by the advent of drug resistance development.

Threats of zoonotic pathogens in food chain: Current status and gaps in India.

Background: Public health is seriously threatened by transmission of zoonotic infection through the food chain. Factors like increasing population, deforestation, high demand for animal protein, and trade of sub-clinically infected animals are the main causes of the spread of infections from asymptomatic animals to humans. Despite several national programs like (The Clean India Mission) prevention of open defecation and water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH), the incidence of diarrhoeal diseases remains high in India.

Deformed wing virus coopts the host arginine kinase to enhance its fitness in honey bees (Apis mellifera).

Background: Deformed wing virus (DWV) is a major honey bee pathogen that is actively transmitted by the parasitic mite Varroa destructor and plays a primary role in Apis mellifera winter colony losses. Despite intense investigation on this pollinator, which has a unique environmental and economic importance, the mechanisms underlying the molecular interactions between DWV and honey bees are still poorly understood. Here, we report on a group of honey bee proteins, identified by mass spectrometry, that specifically co-immunoprecipitate with DWV virus particles.

Biocomposite Active Whey Protein Films with Thyme Reinforced by Electrospun Polylactic Acid Fiber Mat.

Electrospinning is a versatile technique for obtaining nano/micro fibers which are able to significantly change the active properties of composite materials and bring in new dimensions to agri-food applications. Composite bio-based packaging materials obtained from whey proteins, functionalized with thyme essential oil (TEO) and reinforced by electrospun polylactic acid (PLA) fibers, represent a promising solution for developing new active food packaging using environmentally friendly materials. The aim of this study is to obtain and characterize one-side-active composite films covered with a PLA fiber mat: (i) WF/G1, WF/G2, and WF/G3 resulting from electrospinning with one needle at different electrospinning times of 90, 150, and 210 min, respectively, and (ii) WF/G4 obtained with two face-to-face needles after 210 min of electrospinning.

GAPDH Gene Family in : Genome-Wide Identification, Structural Analysis, and Expression Analysis Under Drought Stress.

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is an enzyme widely involved in glycolysis in animal cells and in non-metabolic processes, including apoptosis and the regulation of gene expression. GAPDH is a ubiquitous protein that plays a pivotal role in plant metabolism and handling of stress responses. However, its function in plant stress resistance remains unknown.