Natural Diversity in Total Phenol, Flavonoids, Antioxidant Properties, and Essential Oil Composition of Iranian Populations of L.

L. (Myrtaceae), widely valued for its aromatic leaves and essential oil, plays a significant role in traditional medicine and modern phytotherapy. The variability in its essential oil composition and bioactive compounds across different populations underscores its potential for novel therapeutic discoveries and agricultural utilization.

A systematic review on L.: bioactive compounds, nutritional properties and food-industry applications of a sustainable food.

The cardoon ( L.), is a perennial plant belonging to the Asteraceae family, and its cultivated species are widely used in the Mediterranean diet. This review provides an overview of cardoons' chemical composition, bioactive properties and multiple industrial and food applications.

Cyclodextrin Dimers Functionalized with Biotin as Nanocapsules for Active Doxorubicin Delivery Against MCF-7 Breast Cell Line.

Cyclodextrin dimers have been investigated as potential nanocapsules of biomolecules. The presence of two cavities can improve the stability of inclusion complexes, working as a hydrophilic sandwich of poorly water-soluble species. Here, we designed new β- and γ-cyclodextrin dimers functionalized with biotin as a targeting unit and tested the new bioconjugates as doxorubicin delivery systems in cancer cells.

Potential of Polar Lipids Isolated from the Marine Sponge () against Melanoma.

Marine sponges represent a good source of natural metabolites for biotechnological applications in the pharmacological, cosmeceutical, and nutraceutical fields. In the present work, we analyzed the biotechnological potential of the alien species () de Weerdt, de Kluijver & Gomez, 1999, previously collected in the Mediterranean Sea (Faro Lake, Sicily). The bioactivity and chemical content of this species has never been investigated, and information in the literature on its Caribbean counterpart is scarce.

High microbiome and metabolome diversification in coexisting sponges with different bio-ecological traits.

Marine Porifera host diverse microbial communities, which influence host metabolism and fitness. However, functional relationships between sponge microbiomes and metabolic signatures are poorly understood. We integrate microbiome characterization, metabolomics and microbial predicted functions of four coexisting Mediterranean sponges -Petrosia ficiformis, Chondrosia reniformis, Crambe crambe and Chondrilla nucula.

Quality characteristics of cereal-based foods enriched with different degree of polymerization inulin: A review.

Vegetables, cereals and fruit are foods rich in fibre with beneficial and nutritional effects as their consumption reduces the onset of degenerative diseases, especially cardiovascular ones. Among fibres, inulin, oligofructose or fructooligosaccharide (FOS) are the best-studied. Inulin is a generic term to cover all linear β(2-1) fructans, with a variable degree of polymerization.

Chemical and Pharmacological Prospection of the Ascidian .

Marine invertebrates are a traditional source of natural products with relevant biological properties. Tunicates are soft-bodied, solitary or colonial, sessile organisms that provide compounds unique in their structure and activity. The aim of this work was to investigate the chemical composition of the ascidian , selected on the basis of a positive result in biological screening for ligands of relevant receptors of the innate immune system, including TLR2, TLR4, dectin-1b, and TREM2.

BODIPY-Based Analogue of the TREM2-Binding Molecular Adjuvant Sulfavant A, a Chemical Tool for Imaging and Tracking Biological Systems.

Recently, we described synthetic sulfolipids named Sulfavants as a novel class of molecular adjuvants based on the sulfoquinovosyl-diacylglycerol skeleton. The members of this family, Sulfavant A (), Sulfavant R (), and Sulfavant S (), showed important effects on triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2)-induced differentiation and maturation of human dendritic cells (hDC), through a novel cell mechanism underlying the regulation of the immune response. As these molecules are involved in biological TREM2-mediated processes crucial for cell survival, here, we report the synthesis and application of a fluorescent analogue of Sulfavant A bearing the 4,4-difluoro-1,3,5,7-tetramethyl-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza--indacene moiety (Me-BODIPY).

Plastic in the Environment: A Modern Type of Abiotic Stress for Plant Physiology.

In recent years, plastic pollution has become a growing environmental concern: more than 350 million tons of plastic material are produced annually. Although many efforts have been made to recycle waste, a significant proportion of these plastics contaminate and accumulate in the environment. A central point in plastic pollution is demonstrated by the evidence that plastic objects gradually and continuously split up into smaller pieces, thus producing subtle and invisible pollution caused by microplastics (MP) and nanoplastics (NP).

Pyrrole: A Decisive Scaffold for the Development of Therapeutic Agents and Structure-Activity Relationship.

An overview of pyrroles as distinct scaffolds with therapeutic potential and the significance of pyrrole derivatives for drug development are provided in this article. It lists instances of naturally occurring pyrrole-containing compounds and describes the sources of pyrroles in nature, including plants and microbes. It also explains the many conventional and modern synthetic methods used to produce pyrroles.

Oxidoreductases and metal cofactors in the functioning of the earth.

Life sustains itself using energy generated by thermodynamic disequilibria, commonly existing as redox disequilibria. Metals are significant players in controlling redox reactions, as they are essential components of the engine that life uses to tap into the thermodynamic disequilibria necessary for metabolism. The number of proteins that evolved to catalyze redox reactions is extraordinary, as is the diversification level of metal cofactors and catalytic domain structures involved.

Fatty Acids in Waste Tissues: The Nutraceutical Value of Gonads and Livers from the Moroccan and Fishes.

Fishes are an important component of human nutrition, mainly acting as source of essential fatty acids in the prevention of cardiovascular disorders. The increase in their consumption has led to a growth of fishes waste; therefore, the disposal and recycling of waste has become a key issue to address, in accordance with circular economy principles. The Moroccan and fishes, living in freshwater and marine environments, were collected at mature and immature stages.

Antitumor Potential of Immunomodulatory Natural Products.

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death globally. Anticancer drugs aim to block tumor growth by killing cancerous cells in order to prevent tumor progression and metastasis. Efficient anticancer drugs should also minimize general toxicity towards organs and healthy cells.

Hands-on synthesis of furanamides and evaluation of their antimicrobial activity.

Diverse natural and synthetic furan derivatives have shown biological activity. Here, we describe the preparation of benzyl and arylethyl β-furanamides with OH or OMe aryl substituents by an adapted sustainable method from a furoic acid using methyl chloroformate. Symmetric and asymmetric β,β'-furanamides have instead been prepared using azabenzotriazole based catalyst (HATU).

Evaluation of the Antimicrobial and Antivirulent Potential of Essential Oils Isolated from L. ssp. Aerial Parts.

As a consequence of the worsening situation with multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens and a disparity in the commercialization of novel antimicrobial agents, scientists have been prompted to seek out new compounds with antimicrobial activity from a wide range of sources, including medicinal plants. In the present study, the antibacterial, antifungal, anti-virulence, and resistance-modulating properties of the essential oil from the Sardinian endemic L. ssp.

Spectroscopic investigation on 1,2-substituted ferrocenes with only planar chirality: How chiroptical data are related to absolute configuration and to substituents.

Single enantiomers of three 1,2-substituted ferrocene derivatives, i.e. 1-methoxymethyl-2-hydroxymethylferrocene (1), 1-formyl-2-hydroxymethylferrocene (2) and 1-iodo-2-hydroxymethylferrocene (3), sharing the common hydroxymethyl substituent and the presence of planar chirality only, were investigated for their spectroscopic (IR and UV) and chiroptical (VCD and ECD) properties.

Advanced Applications for Protein and Compounds from Microalgae.

Algal species still show unrevealed and unexplored potentiality for the identification of new compounds. Photosynthetic organisms represent a valuable resource to exploit and sustain the urgent need of sustainable and green technologies. Particularly, unconventional organisms from extreme environments could hide properties to be employed in a wide range of biotechnology applications, due to their peculiar alleles, proteins, and molecules.

Phytochemical Compositions and Biological Activities of Essential Oils from the Leaves, Rhizomes and Whole Plant of Škorničk.

The rapid emergence of drug-resistant strains and novel viruses have motivated the search for new anti-infectious agents. In this study, the chemical compositions and cytotoxicity, as well as the antibacterial, antifungal, antitrichomonas, and antiviral activities of essential oils from the leaves, rhizomes, and whole plant of were investigated. The GC/MS analysis showed that β-pinene, -β-caryophyllene, and α-humulene were found at high concentrations in the essential oils.

Extremophilic Against Quorum Sensing and Biofilm.

is an opportunistic pathogen that causes high morbidity and mortality rates due to its biofilm form. Biofilm formation is regulated via quorum sensing (QS) mechanism and provides up to 1000 times more resistance against conventional antibiotics. QS related genes are expressed according to bacterial population density via signal molecules.

Moringin, A Stable Isothiocyanate from , Activates the Somatosensory and Pain Receptor TRPA1 Channel In Vitro.

Lam. is a tropical plant widely used in traditional medicines and as a food supplement. It is characterized by the presence of glucosinolates and isothiocyanates; the stable isothiocyanate 4-[(α-l-rhamnosyloxy)benzyl]isothiocyanate (moringin) has been widely studied for its bioactivity as hypoglycemic, antimicrobial, anticancer and in particular for its involvement in nociception and neurogenic pain.

Polyphenolic Fraction from Olive Mill Wastewater: Scale-Up and in Vitro Studies for Ophthalmic Nutraceutical Applications.

The valorization of food wastes is a challenging opportunity for a green, sustainable, and competitive development of industry. Approximately 30 million m of olive mill wastewater (OMWW) are produced annually in the world as a by-product of the olive oil extraction process. In addition to being a serious environmental and economic issue because of their polluting load, OMWW can also represent a precious resource of high-added-value molecules such as polyphenols that show acclaimed antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities and can find useful applications in the pharmaceutical industry.

Ferrocenes with simple chiral substituents: an in-depth theoretical and experimental VCD and ECD study.

Circular dichroism spectra in the IR range (VCD = vibrational circular dichroism) and in the UV range (ECD = electronic circular dichroism) have been recorded for both enantiomers of simple mono-substituted ferrocenes containing chiral pendants: 1-acetoxyethylferrocene, 1, 1-methoxyethylferrocene, 2, and 1-hydroxyethylferrocene, 3; the related disubstituted 1,1'-bis(1-hydroxyethyl)ferrocene, 4, was also considered. These two types of spectra, with the support of DFT calculations, concur to unequivocally confirm the absolute configuration for 1-4. In particular, our computational results point out the clear advantage of using an anharmonic oscillator model for the interpretation of VCD spectra of chiral ferrocenes.

Isothiocyanates and Glucosinolates from (L.) Scop. ("the Singers' Plant"): Isolation and in Vitro Assays on the Somatosensory and Pain Receptor TRPA1 Channel.

(L.) Scop. is a wild common plant of the Brassicaceae family.

Toxicity of diatom-derived polyunsaturated aldehyde mixtures on sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus development.

Diatom-derived polyunsaturated aldehydes (PUAs), decadienal, heptadienal and octadienal, derive from the oxidation of fatty acids and have cytotoxic and anticancer effects. PUAs, tested separately, induce malformations in sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus embryos. Decadienal induces the worst malformations and lowest survival rates.