Electrochemical Quantification of miRNA Based on Strain-Promoted Azide-Alkyne Cycloaddition Ligated Tetrahedral DNA Nanotags.

Highly sensitive and accurate detection of disease biomarkers is of great importance for diagnosis, staging, and treatment of certain diseases. Herein, we report a novel electrochemical method for the quantification of miRNA biomarkers with DNA tetrahedrons as the signal reporters. Upon the initiation of DNA hairpin opening by miRNA at the electrode interface, the hidden click reaction group is exposed for the bioconjugation with a tetrahedral DNA nanostructure, which carries multiple electrochemical species.

Bioinspired Spatial Compartment of Substrate Molecules and Catalytic Counting Entities in Hierarchical MOFs Initiated for a Dual-Mode Glycoprotein Assay.

Living cell systems possess multiple isolated compartments that can spatially confine complex substances and shield them from each other to allow for feedback reactions. In this work, a bioinspired design of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with well-defined multishelled matrices was fabricated as a hierarchical host for multiple guest substances including fluorogenic molecules and catalytic nanoparticles (NPs) at the separated locations for the development of a dual-mode glycoprotein assay. The multispatial-compartmental zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) constituents were synthesized via epitaxial shell-by-shell overgrowth to guide the integration and spatial organization of host guests.

Clinical and biomarker analyses of SHR-1701 combined with famitinib in patients with previously treated advanced biliary tract cancer or pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: a phase II trial.

Advanced biliary tract cancer (BTC) and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) have poor prognoses and limited treatment options. Here, we conducted this first-in-class phase II study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of SHR-1701, a bifunctional fusion protein targeting programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), combined with famitinib, a multi-targeted receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, in patients with advanced BTC or PDAC who failed previous standard treatment (trial registration: ChiCTR2000037927). Among 51 enrolled patients, the BTC cohort showed an objective response rate (ORR) of 28% (including 2 complete responses) and a disease control rate (DCR) of 80%, with a median progression-free survival (mPFS) of 5.

Fluorescence enhancement of cyanine/hemicyanine dyes with adamantane as an auxochrome through host-guest inclusion with methylated cyclodextrin in water.

Fluorescence of cyanine dyes is often quenched in aqueous solution, limiting their application in water or biological system. In this work, a novel strategy of host-guest interaction based on cyanine derivatives containing auxochromes was proposed to enhance fluorescence in aqueous solution and cell imaging. By using the host (methylated β-cyclodextrin, M-β-CD) to inclusion and suppress the TICT effect of the dye, the fluorescence was significantly enhanced at lower host concentration.

Immune digital twins for complex human pathologies: applications, limitations, and challenges.

Digital twins represent a key technology for precision health. Medical digital twins consist of computational models that represent the health state of individual patients over time, enabling optimal therapeutics and forecasting patient prognosis. Many health conditions involve the immune system, so it is crucial to include its key features when designing medical digital twins.

Sparse Spike Feature Learning to Recognize Traceable Interictal Epileptiform Spikes.

Interictal epileptiform spikes (spikes) and epileptogenic focus are strongly correlated. However, partial spikes are insensitive to epileptogenic focus, which restricts epilepsy neurosurgery. Therefore, identifying spike subtypes that are strongly associated with epileptogenic focus (traceable spikes) could facilitate their use as reliable signal sources for accurately tracing epileptogenic focus.

Identification of Specific Abnormal Brain Functional Activity and Connectivity in Cancer Pain Patients: A Preliminary Resting-State fMRI Study.

Objective: This study investigates the differences in brain functional activity and connectivity patterns between Cancer Pain (CP) patients and Healthy Controls (HCs) using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) to identify potential neuroimaging biomarkers.

Methods: This study collected rs-fMRI data from 25 CP patients and 25 hCs, processed the functional MRI images, and calculated metrics such as amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF), Regional Homogeneity (ReHo), and FC. Through statistical analysis, differences in brain functional activity and connectivity between the cancer pain group and the healthy control group were investigated, followed by machine learning classification.

Luteolin Functionalized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles for Cancer Therapy Based on Autophagy Activation and EMT Inhibition.

Natural bioactive compounds have become increasingly important antitumor and antimicrobial agents due to their high therapeutic potential and low systemic toxicity. However, they also have significant drawbacks like nontumor targeting and low bioavailability, which limit their wide therapeutic applications. There is an urgent need for a safe and compatible nanoparticle-mediated drug delivery system for the efficient transport of drug candidates into tumor tissues.

The role of surface modification in the interactions between CdTe quantum dots and ABC transporters in lung cancer cells.

This paper aimed to investigate the role of surface modification on the potential interaction between CdTe quantum dots (QDs) and ABC transporters in doxorubicin-resistant lung cancer (A549/DOX) cells. For this purpose, CdTe QDs modified with -glutathione (GSH), -carboxy (COOH), and -amino (NH) were applied, with the former two QDs exhibiting negative potentials and the latter ones being positive. All the three QDs reduced cell viability in a concentration-dependent manner, with NH-CdTe QDs being more toxic.

a-SiC heteromorphic immersion nanocavities enabling wide-field real-time single-molecule detection.

Real-time single-molecule detection via fluorescence exhibits advantages of non-contact and specificity, especially in illustrating the dynamic heterogeneity of living substances. However, wide-field view and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) are always contradictory in real-time single-molecule detection with fluorescence labels, owing to the limitation of the omnidirectional radiation characteristics of fluorophores. Herein, we propose a nano optical sensing device based on a-SiC heteromorphic immersion nanocavities (aHINCs), enabling wide-field real-time single-molecule imaging without sacrificing SNR.

Digital Quantitative Detection for Heterogeneous Protein and mRNA Expression Patterns in Circulating Tumor Cells.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) circulating tumor cells (CTCs) exhibit significant phenotypic heterogeneity and diverse gene expression profiles due to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). However, current detection methods lack the capacity for simultaneous quantification of multidimensional biomarkers, impeding a comprehensive understanding of tumor biology and dynamic changes. Here, the CTC Digital Simultaneous Cross-dimensional Output and Unified Tracking (d-SCOUT) technology is introduced, which enables simultaneous quantification and detailed interpretation of HCC transcriptional and phenotypic biomarkers.

Distributed parameter model of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI in the identification of IDH mutation, 1p19q codeletion, and tumor cell proliferation in glioma patients.

Objectives: To investigate the clinical value of hemodynamic parameters derived from dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) in predicting glioma genotypes including isocitrate dehydrogenase () mutation, codeletion status and the tumor proliferation index () noninvasively. And to compare the diagnostic performance of parameters of distributed parameter (DP)model and extended Tofts (Ex-Tofts) model.

Materials And Methods: Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) data of patients with glioma were prospectively enrolled from April 2021 to May 2023.

Comprehensive utilization of in silico approach and in vitro experiment to unveil the molecular mechanisms of mono (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate-induced lung adenocarcinoma.

Mono (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP), the main bioactive metabolite of commonly used plasticizer Di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, has received increasing attention due to its carcinogenic toxicity. This study aims to systematically explore the molecular mechanisms underlying MEHP-induced lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Firstly, network toxicology was employed to construct the interaction network of MEHP-targeted LUAD-related proteins and identify core proteins.

Hierarchical Fusion of Infrared and Visible Images Based on Channel Attention Mechanism and Generative Adversarial Networks.

In order to solve the problem that existing visible and infrared image fusion methods rely only on the original local or global information representation, which has the problem of edge blurring and non-protrusion of salient targets, this paper proposes a layered fusion method based on channel attention mechanism and improved Generative Adversarial Network (HFCA_GAN). Firstly, the infrared image and visible image are decomposed into a base layer and fine layer, respectively, by a guiding filter. Secondly, the visible light base layer is fused with the infrared image base layer by histogram mapping enhancement to improve the contour effect.

Development and evaluation of a soft pneumatic muscle for elbow joint rehabilitation.

Elbow joint rehabilitation presents a formidable challenge, underscored by the joint's complex biomechanics and high vulnerability to injuries and degenerative conditions. Despite the advancements in rehabilitative technology, current solutions such as rigid exoskeletons often fall short in providing the precision, flexibility, and customization needed for effective treatment. Although traditional robotic aids, such as rigid exoskeletons, help recover, they lack in providing sufficient flexibility, comfort, and easy customization with no need for complicated calculation and complex design considerations.

Simultaneous quantitative analysis of multiple metabolites using label-free surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy and explainable deep learning.

Metabolites serve as vital biomarkers, reflecting physiological and pathological states and offering insights into disease progression and early detection. This study introduces an advanced analytical technique integrating label-free Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) with deep learning, and leverages SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) to provide a visual interpretative analysis of the predictive rationale of the deep learning model, facilitating simultaneous detection and quantitative analysis of multiple metabolites. Monolayer silver nanoparticle SERS substrates were fabricated via a triple-phase interfacial self-assembly method, which captured complex spectral information of target metabolites in mixed solutions.

A temperature-ultrasound sensitive nanoparticle delivery system for exploring central neuroinflammation mechanism in stroke-heart syndrome.

Background: Cardiovascular events secondary to stroke-collectively classified as stroke-heart syndrome-greatly impair the patient's prognosis, however its underlying mechanism has yet to be determined. To investigate the mechanism of central neuroinflammation and its effects on stroke-heart syndrome, a temperature-ultrasound responsive brain-targeted drug delivery system, DATS/MION-LPE, was synthesized to specifically study neuroinflammation in the mouse middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model.

Results: The specific polymer of DATS/MION-LPE can close the nanoparticle pores at 37 °C, restricting drug release in the circulation.

Controlled release of mesenchymal stem cell-derived nanovesicles through glucose- and reactive oxygen species-responsive hydrogels accelerates diabetic wound healing.

Wound healing is often impaired in patients with diabetes. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and MSCs-derived nanovesicles (MNVs) hold promise as therapeutic agents for managing diabetic wounds. However, efficient delivery and controlled release of MNVs within these wounds are essential for maximizing therapeutic effectiveness.

Biomimetic Chlorosomes: Oxygen-Independent Photocatalytic Nanoreactors for Efficient Combination Photoimmunotherapy.

Photocatalytic therapy for hypoxic tumors often suffers from inefficiencies due to its dependence on oxygen and the risk of uncontrolled activation. Inspired by the oxygen-independent and precisely regulated photocatalytic functions of natural light-harvesting chlorosomes, chlorosome-mimetic nanoreactors, termed Ru-Chlos, are engineered by confining the aggregation of photosensitive ruthenium-polypyridyl-silane monomers. These Ru-Chlos exhibit markedly enhanced photocatalytic performance compared to their monomeric counterparts under acidic conditions, while notably bypassing the consumption of oxygen or hydrogen peroxide.

The Selective Impairments of Total Sleep Deprivation on Alerting, Orienting, and Executive Control: Evidence from Event-Related Potentials.

Background: Many studies have shown that total sleep deprivation (TSD) impairs the attention network, which includes three subcomponents as follows: alerting, orienting, and executive control. However, the specific attention network(s) damaged by TSD remains unclear.

Methods: Twenty two participants were enrolled to complete the attention network test (ANT) before and after 36 h of TSD with simultaneous electroencephalography recordings.

A Novel HLA-B*15 Variant Allele, HLA-B*15:359, Identified by Sequencing-Based Typing in a Chinese Individual.

HLA-B*15:359 differs from HLA-B*15:01:01:01 by one nucleotide substitution in exon 3.

Characterisation of the Novel HLA-A*02:406 Allele by Sequencing-Based Typing in a Chinese Individual.

HLA-A*02:406 differs from HLA-A*02:01:01:01 by one nucleotide substitution in codon 116 in exon 3.

Identification of the Novel HLA-A*02:407 Allele by Sanger Dideoxy Nucleotide Sequencing.

HLA-A*02:407 differs from HLA-A*02:01:01:01 by one nucleotide substitution in codon 109 in exon 3.