The Role of Melatonin in the Inflammatory Process in Patients with Hyperglycemia and Leishmania Infection.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder that causes chronic high blood sugar levels, and diabetic patients are more susceptible to infections. American cutaneous leishmaniasis is an infectious disease caused by a parasite that affects the skin and mucous membranes, leading to one or multiple ulcerative lesions. Chronic inflammation and functional changes in various organs and systems, including the immune system, are the primary causes of both diseases.

Polarization of Melatonin-Modulated Colostrum Macrophages in the Presence of Breast Tumor Cell Lines.

Human colostrum and milk contain diverse cells and soluble components that have the potential to act against tumors. In breast cancer, macrophages play a significant role in immune infiltration and contribute to the progression and spread of tumors. However, studies suggest that these cells can be reprogrammed to act as an antitumor immune response.

Integration of nutrigenomics, melatonin, serotonin and inflammatory cytokines in the pathophysiology of pregnancy-specific urinary incontinence in women with gestational diabetes mellitus.

Gestational diabetes mellitus is an important public health problem and has been associated with the development of pregnancy-specific urinary incontinence. The interaction is related to hyperglycemia, and inflammatory and hormonal patterns, which favor functional alterations in different organs and systems. Several genes associated with human diseases have been identified and partially characterized.

Triheptanoin, an odd-medium-chain triglyceride, impacts brain cognitive function in young and aged mice.

The brain aging process triggers cognitive function impairment, such as memory loss and compromised quality of life. Cognitive impairment is based on bioenergetic status, with reduced glucose uptake and metabolism in aged brains. Anaplerotic substrates are reported to promote mitochondrial ATP generation, having been tested in clinical trials for the treatment of neurological disorders and metabolic diseases.

Resistin Modulates the Functional Activity of Colostral Macrophages from Mothers with Obesity and Diabetes.

Background: Obesity and diabetes are major public health problems. Resistin is an adipokine that links the two diseases. There are few reports regarding colostrum cells and resistin from mothers with obesity and diabetes.

Effects of Modified Melatonin Release on Human Colostrum Neutrophils to Induce Death in the MCF-7 Cell Line.

Cancer is one of the diseases with the highest mortality rate today, with breast cancer being the second most common type among the Brazilian population. Due to its etiological complexity and inefficiency of treatments, studies have focused on new forms of treatment. Among these forms of treatment, hormonal therapy seems to be an excellent auxiliary mechanism in tumoricidal activity, and melatonin has great potential as a modulator of the immune system.

Triatoma williami in intradomiciliary environments of urban areas in Mato Grosso State, Brazil: domiciliation process of a wild species?

Background: Triatomines in Latin America are natural Chagas disease (ChD) vectors. Triatomine domiciliation is one of the main factors increasing the occurrence risk of this disease in humans. There are 66 triatomine species in Brazil, with three genera of significant epidemiological importance-Panstrongylus, Rhodnius, and Triatoma.

Effects of Cytokines IFN-γ and TGF-β on the Functional Activity of Blood Mononuclear Cells against .

Background: This study aimed to analyze cultures of mononuclear (MN) cells with to determine the levels of the cytokines IFN-γ and TGF-β and the functional activity of MN cells after incubation with cytokines.

Methods: This study was conducted in 2018 in Barra do Garças, Mato Grosso State, Brazil. Blood samples were collected from 60 healthy volunteer donors to obtain leukocytes.

Correlation between melatonin concentration and cytokines in cervical mucus in positive samples for the presence of human papillomavirus.

The human papillomavirus (HPV) is the main causative agent of cervical cancer, characterized by neoplastic lesions in the cervix. Based on the morphology of the cells of the uterine cervix, the findings are classified as negative intraepithelial lesions for malignancies, low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions, high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSILs), atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance and atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance without excluding HSILs (ASCs-H). The progression of neoplastic lesions is related to the cervix's microenvironmental inflammatory process and mediated by the expression and stimulation of cytokines.

Prevalence of enteroparasitic infections and related hormonal and immunological repercussions that may compromise students' physical performance.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of enteroparasitic infections in students and their hormonal and immunological repercussions on physical development. Students of basic education of both sexes were evaluated. Parasitological stool tests were performed using the Hoffman and Kato-Katz methods.

Interferon-gamma carrying nanoemulsion with immunomodulatory and anti-tumor activities.

The therapeutic administration of cytokines has been introduced aiming to modulate the immune response system, seeking for different approaches to face pathologies such as cancer, auto immune and infectious diseases. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of a stable oil-in-water (O/W) nanoemulsion system carrying the cytokine Interferon gamma (IFN-γ) on the activity of phagocytes and MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. Nanoemulsions were prepared through ultra-homogenization, and they consisted of distilled water, triglycerides of capric acid/caprylic, sorbitan-oleate, polysorbate 80, and 1-butanol.

Melatonin Action on the Activity of Phagocytes from the Colostrum of Obese Women.

Background And Objectives: Breastfeeding promotion is an important public health strategy for counter-balancing the negative effects of maternal overweight and obesity. Colostrum contains melatonin, which can attenuate the impacts of excessive maternal weight and boost the infant's immune system. Therefore, the objective of this study was to analyze the effects of melatonin on mononuclear (MN) phagocytes from the colostrum of women with pre-gestational obesity.

Dental implant surfaces treated with phosphoric acid can modulate cytokine production by blood MN cells.

The study characterizes dental implant surfaces treated with phosphoric acid to assess the effects of acid treatment on blood cells and correlate them with cytokine levels. The implant surfaces examined were divided into untreated metal surface (US; n = 50), metal surface treated with phosphoric acid (ATS; n = 50) and cement surface (CS; n = 50) groups. The samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and rheometry.

Immune and Hormonal Response to High-intensity Exercise During Orienteering.

Orienteering is an endurance sport that combines physical and cognitive activity, during which the athlete must complete a course with several points distributed over unknown terrain in the shortest possible time. A number of studies have investigated the body's physiological adaptations to the stress caused during competition, but not the immunological changes. To that end, the present study evaluated the immunological, physiological and pathological responses in athletes performing high-intensity physical exercise during an orienteering race.

Effects of Mangaba (Hancornia speciosa) Fruit Extract Adsorbed onto PEG Microspheres in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells Co-Cultured with Blood Cells.

Objective: To evaluate the antitumor effects of polyethylene glycol (PEG) microspheres with adsorbed Hancornia speciosa ethanolic extract (HSEE) on blood mononuclear (MN) cells co-cultured with MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Methods: PEG microspheres were adsorbed with HSEE and examined by flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy. MCF-7 and MN cells obtained from volunteer donors were pre-incubated alone or co-cultured (MN and MCF-7 cells) for 24 h with or without HSEE, PEG microspheres or PEG adsorbed with HSEE (PEG-HSEE).

Obesity as an Inflammatory Agent Can Cause Cellular Changes in Human Milk due to the Actions of the Adipokines Leptin and Adiponectin.

Adiponectin and leptin play roles in the hunger response, and they can induce the inflammatory process as the initial mechanism of the innate immune response. It is possible for alterations in the levels of these adipokines to compromise the functional activity of human colostrum phagocytes. Therefore, the objective of this study is to analyze the effects of adiponectin and leptin on colostrum mononuclear (MN) cells.

Relationship between Proinflammatory Cytokines/Chemokines and Adipokines in Serum of Young Adults with Obesity.

Background And Objective: The adipose tissue has been recognized as an important endocrine organ, which is metabolically active and expresses and secretes various inflammatory cytokines. Inflammation is involved in obesity-related complications. As such, the present study investigated the correlation between biochemical parameters, serum proinflammatory cytokines and adipokines in individuals with obesity.

The modulatory role of cytokines IL-4 and IL-17 in the functional activity of phagocytes in diabetic pregnant women.

The study investigated the role of cytokines IL-4 and IL-17 in the modulation of the functional activity of mononuclear phagocytes in diabetic pregnant women with hyperglycemia. Sixty pregnant women were assigned to the following groups: nondiabetic (ND), mild gestational hyperglycemia (MGH), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), or type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). The functional activity of phagocytes from maternal blood, cord blood, and colostrum was assessed by determining their superoxide release, phagocytosis, microbicidal activity, and intracellular Ca release.

Effects of barium chloride adsorbed to polyethylene glycol (PEG) microspheres on co-culture of human blood mononuclear cell and breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7).

This study investigated the effects of BaCl adsorbed to polyethylene glycol (PEG) microspheres on human blood mononuclear cells (MN) co-cultured with breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7). The MCF-7 cells were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection and the blood mononuclear (MN) cells from volunteer donors. MN cells, MCF-7 cells and their co-culture (MN and MCF-7 cells) were pre-incubated for 24 h with or without 25 and 1000 pg L BaCl (Ba and Ba), PEG microspheres or 25 and 1000 pg L BaCl adsorbed to PEG microspheres (PEG-Ba and PEG-Ba).

Phenotypic characterization of regulatory T cells populations in maternal blood, cord blood and placenta from diabetic mothers.

Changes in regulatory T cells (Treg) in peripheral blood are associated with a number of pathologies, including diabetes. However, the immunological responses of pregnant diabetic women remain scarcely known, and the effects of Treg cells in these patients have yet to be investigated. The present study characterized the expression of regulatory T cells in the maternal blood, cord blood and placenta of diabetic pregnant women.

Herbal Mixture Adsorbed to Polyethylene Glycol Microspheres Induces Apoptotic Effects on Breast Cancer Cells.

Background: The combination of medicinal plants and polymeric matrices raised the possibility of obtaining new drugs to treat a number of diseases, including cancer. Breast cancer is one of the most frequent diseases among women, but the effective treatments is still a challenge.

Methods: Thus, this study investigated the effect of herbal mixture adsorbed to PEG microspheres on MCF-7 human breast cancer cells and these cells in co-culture of blood MN cells.

Cytokine and adipokine are biofactors can act in blood and colostrum of obese mothers.

Breast milk contains bioactive components that contribute to newborn development. However, colostrum may undergo biochemical and immunological changes as a function of maternal overweight and obesity. To investigate this hypothesis, this study determined the levels of hormones and immunological markers in the serum and colostrum of overweight and obese mothers.