Phospholipase PlcH is involved in the secretion of cell wall glycoproteins and contributes to the host immune response of .

Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchoring is one of the conserved posttranslational modifications in eukaryotes that attach proteins to the plasma membrane. In fungi, in addition to plasma membrane GPI-anchored proteins (GPI-APs), some GPI-APs are specifically released from the cell membrane, secreted into the cell wall, and covalently linked to cell wall glucans as GPI-anchored cell wall proteins (GPI-CWPs). However, it remains unclear how fungal cells specifically release GPI-CWPs from their membranes.

Suppressed Protein Translation Caused by MSP-8 Deficiency Determines Fungal Multidrug Resistance with Fitness Cost.

Antifungal resistance, particularly the rise of multidrug-resistance strains, poses a significant public health threat. In this study, the study identifies a novel multidrug-resistance gene, msp-8, encoding a helicase, through experimental evolution with Neurospora crassa as a model. Deletion of msp-8 conferred multidrug resistance in N.

A Review of the Nutritional Composition, Storage Challenges, Processing Technology and Widespread Use of Bamboo Shoots.

Bamboo shoots, as the young bamboo stems, are rich in protein, fiber, vitamins, and minerals, as well as many bioactive substances beneficial to health, and are gaining in importance worldwide as a healthy food and dietary supplement. However, fresh bamboo shoots lignify rapidly after harvesting and contain cyanogenic glycosides, limiting the safe and healthy consumption of bamboo shoots. To this end, based on the changes in nutritional composition and the physiological properties of fresh and post-harvest bamboo shoots, factors affecting the preservation of post-harvest bamboo shoots are emphasized, including a series of physical and chemical regimes and various processing methods for post-harvest preservation.

Nitrate assimilation compensates for cell wall biosynthesis in the absence of phosphoglucose isomerase.

Phosphoglucose isomerase (PGI) links glycolysis, the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), and the synthesis of cell wall precursors in fungi by facilitating the reversible conversion between glucose-6-phosphate (Glc6p) and fructose-6-phosphate (Fru6P). In a previous study, we established the essential role of PGI in cell wall biosynthesis in the opportunistic human fungal pathogen , highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target. In this study, we conducted transcriptomic analysis and discovered that the Δ mutant exhibited enhanced glycolysis, reduced PPP, and an upregulation of cell wall precursor biosynthesis pathways.

Powerful cell wall biomass degradation enzymatic system from saprotrophic .

Cell wall biomass, Earth's most abundant natural resource, holds significant potential for sustainable biofuel production. Composed of cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, pectin, and other polymers, the plant cell wall provides essential structural support to diverse organisms in nature. In contrast, non-plant species like insects, crustaceans, and fungi rely on chitin as their primary structural polysaccharide.

First Report of Causing Stem Base Rot on in Guangxi, China.

Passion fruit (Passilora edulis), known as the "king of fruit juices", is popular in southern China (Yuan et al. 2019). Stem base rot is a devastating disease of passion fruit commonly caused by several Fusarium spp.

SMC-5/6 complex subunit NSE-1 plays a crucial role in meiosis and DNA repair in Caenorhabditis elegans.

The SMC5/6 complex is evolutionarily conserved across all eukaryotes and plays a pivotal role in preserving genomic stability. Mutations in genes encoding SMC5/6 complex subunits have been associated with human lung disease, immunodeficiency, and chromosome breakage syndrome. Despite its critical importance, much about the SMC5/6 complex remains to be elucidated.

Identification of the Beta Subunit Fas1p of Fatty Acid Synthetase as an Interacting Partner of Yeast Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Cmk2p Through Mass Spectrometry Analysis.

The calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) is a mediator of calcium signals and regulates fatty acid metabolism in mammalian cells. Cmk2p is a yeast homolog of CaMKII and functions as a negative regulator of calcium signaling. However, its substrates remain to be identified.

Amino acid metabolism and MAP kinase signaling pathway play opposite roles in the regulation of ethanol production during fermentation of sugarcane molasses in budding yeast.

Sugarcane molasses is one of the main raw materials for bioethanol production, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae is the major biofuel-producing organism. In this study, a batch fermentation model has been used to examine ethanol titers of deletion mutants for all yeast nonessential genes in this yeast genome. A total of 42 genes are identified to be involved in ethanol production during fermentation of sugarcane molasses.

Dual tagging of GFP and Degron on endogenous COSA-1 in as a crossover investigation tool.

COSA-1 is essential for accurate meiosis in . Two null mutants ( and ) have been notably studied. These null mutants exhibit severe meiotic defects, hindering the observation of the subtle or dynamic nature of COSA-1 function.

methyl ganoderate E extends lifespan and modulates aging-related indicators in .

Methyl Ganoderate E (MGE) is a triterpenoid derived from (Reishi), an edible mushroom, commonly processed into food forms such as soups, drinks, culinary dishes, and supplements. MGE has been shown to inhibit 3T3-L1 murine adipocyte differentiation when combined with other triterpenes. However, the specific effect of MGE on biological processes remains unknown.

Transcriptional expression of is positively controlled by the calcium signaling transcription factor Crz1 through its binding motif in the promoter.

The fungal cell wall consists of glucans, mannoproteins, and chitin and is essential for cell viability, morphogenesis, and pathogenesis. The enzymes of the GH72 family are responsible for ß-(1,3)-glucan elongation and branching, which is crucial for the formation of the glucan-chitin polymer at the bud neck of yeast cells. In the human fungal pathogen Candida albicans, there are five GH72 enzyme-encoding genes: , and .

Strain 91: A Multifaceted Biocontrol Agent against Banana Fusarium Wilt.

Banana Fusarium wilt (BFW), caused by the soil-borne fungus f. sp. (), poses significant threats to banana cultivation.

Amino sugars influence Aspergillus fumigatus cell wall polysaccharide biosynthesis, and biofilm formation through interfering galactosaminogalactan deacetylation.

Aspergillus fumigatus is a ubiquitous fungal pathogen responsible for a significant number of deaths annually due to invasive aspergillosis infection. While the utilization of diverse carbon sources, including amino sugars, has been explored in other fungi, its impact on A. fumigatus remains uncharted territory.

A glycosylated Phr1 protein is induced by calcium stress and its expression is positively controlled by the calcium/calcineurin signaling transcription factor Crz1 in Candida albicans.

As one of the most important human fungal pathogens, Candida albicans senses and adapts to host niches with different pH values through the pH-responsive Rim101 pathway. Its transcription factor Rim101 activates the expression of alkaline pH-induced genes including PHR1 that encodes a glycosylphosphatidylinsitol-anchored β(1,3)-glucanosyltransferase critical for hyphal wall formation. The calcium/calcineurin signaling pathway is mediated by the transcription factor Crz1 in yeasts and other lower eukaryotes.

Cloning and biochemical characterization of a recombinant chitinase encoded by the CHT4 gene from Candida albicans.

As one of the major components in the fungal cell wall, chitin is a polymer of β-1,4-linked N-acetylglucosamine. Chitinases are hydrolytic enzymes that break down glycosidic bonds in the chitin. The human fungal pathogen Candida albicans has three chitinase-encoding genes, CaCHT1, CaCHT2 and CaCHT3.

Polysaccharides Extracted from Grown in Different Environments Elicit Varying Health Benefits in .

is one of the most widely used medicinal herbs, especially in Asia. In recent times, the polysaccharide content of has garnered attention due to the numerous reports of its medicinal properties, such as anticancer, antioxidant, anti-diabetic, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, and anti-aging activities. However, few reports of its anti-aging potential are available.

Combining virtual screening with cis-/trans-cleavage enzymatic assays effectively reveals broad-spectrum inhibitors that target the main proteases of SARS-CoV-2 and MERS-CoV.

The main protease (M) of SARS-CoV-2 is essential for viral replication, which suggests that the M is a critical target in the development of small molecules to treat COVID-19. This study used an in-silico prediction approach to investigate the complex structure of SARS-CoV-2 M in compounds from the United States National Cancer Institute (NCI) database, then validate potential inhibitory compounds against the SARS-CoV-2 M in cis- and trans-cleavage proteolytic assays. Virtual screening of ∼280,000 compounds from the NCI database identified 10 compounds with highest site-moiety map scores.

Isolation, Identification and Molecular Mechanism Analysis of the Nematicidal Compound Spectinabilin from Newly Isolated sp. DT10.

Plant parasitic nematodes (PPNs) are highly destructive and difficult to control, while conventional chemical nematicides are highly toxic and cause serious environmental pollution. Additionally, resistance to existing pesticides is becoming increasingly common. Biological control is the most promising method for the controlling of PPNs.

Cloning, expression, purification and biochemical characterization of the recombinant chitinase enzyme encoded by CTS2 in the budding yeast.

Chitin is a polymer of β-1,4-linked N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) and plays a central role in the assembly of the fungal cell wall. Chitinases are hydrolytic enzymes that break down glycosidic bonds in the chitin. Chitinases are classified into three categories, endochitinases, exochitinases and N-acetylglucosaminases, according to the manner in which the enzyme cleaves the chitin polymer.

Loss of Phosphomannose Isomerase Impairs Growth, Perturbs Cell Wall Integrity, and Reduces Virulence of f. sp. on Banana Plants.

f. sp. tropical race 4 ( TR4) causes Fusarium wilt of banana, necessitating urgent measures to control this disease.

The complete mitochondrial genome of Microtus fortis calamorum (Arvicolinae, Rodentia) and its phylogenetic analysis.

Microtus fortis is a special resource of rodent in China. It is a promising experimental animal model for the study on the mechanism of Schistosome japonicum resistance. The first complete mitochondrial genome sequence for Microtus fortis calamorum, a subspecies of M.