Optimization and scaling up of extracellular polysaccharide production by submerged culture of Ganoderma lucidum on starch-containing medium using response surface methodology and laboratory bioreactors of various designs.

Basidiomycetes, known for their production of bioactive compounds, traditionally use simple sugars for fermentation. However, their ability to degrade complex plant polysaccharides through enzyme secretion presents potential for the use of renewable raw materials. This study focused on the optimization of exopolysaccharide (EPS) production and efficient substrate consumption by Ganoderma lucidum using response surface methodology (RSM).

[Structural, Functional, and Evolutionary Characteristics of Proteins with Repeats].

The review summarizes and systematizes the data on the classification, taxonomic distribution, structural features, and functions of proteins with structural repeats. Modern approaches to the identification of structural repeats in proteins are considered. Features of specialized databases of protein domains are described.

Non-specific porins of Gram-negative bacteria as proteins containing intrinsically disordered regions with amyloidogenic potential.

Features of the structure and functional activity of bacterial outer membrane porins, coupled with their dynamic "behavior," suggests that intrinsically disordered regions (IDPRs) are contained in their structure. Using bioinformatic analysis, the quantitative content of amyloidogenic regions in the amino acid sequence of non-specific porins inhabiting various natural niches was determined: from terrestrial bacteria of the genus Yersinia (OmpF and OmpC proteins of Y. pseudotuberculosis and Y.

Quarterly intrinsic disorder digest (April-May-June, 2014).

This is the 6 issue of the Digested Disorder series that continues to use only 2 criteria for inclusion of a paper to this digest: The publication date (a paper should be published within the covered time frame) and the topic (a paper should be dedicated to any aspect of protein intrinsic disorder). The current digest issue covers papers published during the second quarter of 2014; i.e.

[Kinetics and mechanism of peptide synthesis in solution].

The kinetics of the reaction of Boc-Xaa fluorophenyl esters (where Xaa = Ala, Val, Phe, Ser, Leu, Gly, Met, Pro, or Ile) with leucinamide was studied measuring changes in the fluorescence emission at 375 nm of the fluorophenyl chromophore accompanying the reaction. It was found that the experimental kinetic data couldn't be described by a simple scheme of the second order reaction. The measurements of the kinetic parameters of the reaction at various initial concentrations of reagents indicated that the reaction rate can be expressed as: v = kCNaCAEb, where k is the reaction rate constant, CN is the concentration of leucinamide, and LeuNH2, CAE is the concentration of fluorophenyl ester.

Effect of hinge region state on interaction of human IgG3 with the complement system.

Covalently cross-linked rod-like dimers of human myeloma IgG3 are more efficient in the inhibition of the complement system reaction than compact dimers. This correlates with an increase in the stability of CH2 domains of the immunoglobulin in the state with the rod-like hinge region.

[Use of method of protein engineering in studying calcium-binding proteins].

Major results of the use of protein engineering methods in studies of calcium-binding proteins with the highest affinity for calcium and known three-dimensional structure (parvalbumin, calmodulin, troponin C, calbindin, recoverin, alpha-lactalbumin, and others) are presented. Specific features of recombinant calcium-binding proteins are discussed. Experiments with genetic introduction of fluorescent probes, tryptophan and tyrosine, into proteins are overviewed.

Three states of the pFh-fragment (Hinge region) from human myeloma IgG3 Kuc with native-like secondary structure.

The structure of the pFh-fragment (hinge region) from human myeloma IgG3 Kuc (the third subclass immunoglobulin) was studied by hydrodynamic methods in the pH range from 3.0 to 8.0.