Water-resistant free-standing DNA-complexed films with antioxidant and HO-responsive activity.

Water-insoluble DNA complexes are suitable for producing free-standing DNA films due to their low water sensitivity, which prevents their rapid degradation in aqueous environments. Here, we proposed two types of free-standing films that exhibit low dissolution rates in water: low molecular weight chitosan (LCS)-DNA films and phosphatidylcholine (PC)-cetyltrimethylammonium (CTMA)-DNA films. The structure and binding characteristics of the LCS-DNA and PC-CTMA-DNA complexes were investigated with UV-Vis spectroscopy and the fluorescent characteristics of daunorubicin bound to them.

Quantum Computational, Spectroscopic (FT-IR, FT-Raman, NMR, and UV-Vis) Hirshfeld Surface and Molecular Docking-Dynamics Studies on 5-Hydroxymethyluracil (Monomer and Trimer).

For many decades, uracil has been an antineoplastic agent used in combination with tegafur to treat various human cancers, including breast, prostate, and liver cancer. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the molecular features of uracil and its derivatives. Herein, the molecule's 5-hydroxymethyluracil has been thoroughly characterized by NMR, UV-Vis, and FT-IR spectroscopy by means of experimental and theoretical analysis.

Phloroglucinol Inhibits Oxidative-Stress-Induced Cytotoxicity in C2C12 Murine Myoblasts through Nrf-2-Mediated Activation of HO-1.

Phloroglucinol is a class of polyphenolic compounds containing aromatic phenyl rings and is known to have various pharmacological activities. Recently, we reported that this compound isolated from , a brown alga belonging to the family , has potent antioxidant activity in human dermal keratinocytes. In this study, we evaluated whether phloroglucinol could protect against hydrogen peroxide (HO)-induced oxidative damage in murine-derived C2C12 myoblasts.

Bivariate power Lomax distribution with medical applications.

In this paper, a bivariate power Lomax distribution based on Farlie-Gumbel-Morgenstern (FGM) copulas and univariate power Lomax distribution is proposed, which is referred to as BFGMPLx. It is a significant lifetime distribution for modeling bivariate lifetime data. The statistical properties of the proposed distribution, such as conditional distributions, conditional expectations, marginal distributions, moment-generating functions, product moments, positive quadrant dependence property, and Pearson's correlation, have been studied.

DNA lattice growth with single, double, and triple double-crossover boundaries by stepwise self-assembly.

Construction of various nanostructures with nanometre-scale precision through various DNA building blocks depends upon self-assembly, base-pair complementarity and sequence programmability. During annealing, unit tiles are formed by the complementarity of base pairs in each strand. Enhancement of growth of target lattices is expected if seed lattices (i.

Lysosomal control of senescence and inflammation through cholesterol partitioning.

Whereas cholesterol is vital for cell growth, proliferation, and remodeling, dysregulation of cholesterol metabolism is associated with multiple age-related pathologies. Here we show that senescent cells accumulate cholesterol in lysosomes to maintain the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). We find that induction of cellular senescence by diverse triggers enhances cellular cholesterol metabolism.

Template-directed 2D nanopatterning of = 1/2 molecular spins.

Molecular spins are emerging platforms for quantum information processing. By chemically tuning their molecular structure, it is possible to prepare a robust environment for electron spins and drive the assembly of a large number of qubits in atomically precise spin-architectures. The main challenges in the integration of molecular qubits into solid-state devices are (i) minimizing the interaction with the supporting substrate to suppress quantum decoherence and (ii) controlling the spatial distribution of the spins at the nanometer scale to tailor the coupling among qubits.

Fuzzy-based prediction of solar PV and wind power generation for microgrid modeling using particle swarm optimization.

Regardless of their nature of stochasticity and uncertain nature, wind and solar resources are the most abundant energy resources used in the development of microgrid systems. In microgrid systems and distribution networks, the uncertain nature of both solar and wind resources results in power quality and system stability issues. The randomization behavior of solar and wind energy resources is controlled through the precise development of a power prediction model.

Plasmonic-Magnetic Active Nanorheology for Intracellular Viscosity.

We demonstrate active plasmonic systems where plasmonic signals are repeatedly modulated by changing the orientation of nanoprobes under an external magnetic field, which is a prerequisite for in situ active nanorheology in intracellular viscosity measurements. Au/Ni/Au nanorods act as "nanotransmitters", which transmit the mechanical motion of nanorods to an electromagnetic radiation signal as a periodic sine function. This fluctuating optical response is transduced to frequency peaks via Fourier transform surface plasmon resonance (FTSPR).

Multiple Stepwise Synthetic Pathways toward Complex Plasmonic 2D and 3D Nanoframes for Generation of Electromagnetic Hot Zones in a Single Entity.

ConspectusRational design of nanocrystals with high controllability via wet chemistry is of critical importance in all areas of nanoscience and nanotechnology research. Specifically, morphologically complex plasmonic nanoparticles have received considerable attention because light-matter interactions are strongly associated with the size and shape of nanoparticles. Among many types of nanostructures, plasmonic nanoframes (NFs) with controllable structural intricacy could be excellent candidates as strong light-entrappers with inner voids as well as high surface area, leading to highly effective interaction with light and analytes compared to their solid counterparts.

Multi-Layered PtAu Nanoframes and Their Light-Enhanced Electrocatalytic Activity via Plasmonic Hot Spots.

Here, the rational design of complex PtAu double nanoframes (DNFs) for plasmon-enhanced electrocatalytic activity toward the methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) is reported. The synthetic strategy for the DNFs consists of on-demand multiple synthetic chemical toolkits, including well-faceted Au growth, rim-on selective Pt deposition, and selective Au etching steps. DNFs are synthesized by utilizing Au truncated octahedrons (TOh) as a starting template.

Effect of Water Vapor on Oxidation Processes of the Cu(111) Surface and Sublayer.

Copper-based catalysts have different catalytic properties depending on the oxidation states of Cu. We report operando observations of the Cu(111) oxidation processes using near-ambient pressure scanning tunneling microscopy (NAP-STM) and near-ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (NAP-XPS). The Cu(111) surface was chemically inactive to water vapor, but only physisorption of water molecules was observed by NAP-STM.

Bimetallic alloy Ag@Au nanorings with hollow dual-rims focus near-field on circular intra-nanogaps.

Here, we report a highly sensitive and reliable surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)-based immunoassay using bimetallic alloy Ag@Au hollow dual-rim nanorings (DRNs) where two hollow nanorings with different diameters are concentrically overlapped and connected by thin metal ligaments, forming circular hot-zones in the intra-nanogaps between the inner and outer rims. Pt DRNs were first prepared, and then Ag was deposited on the surface of the Pt skeleton, followed by Au coating, resulting in alloy Ag@Au hollow DRNs. The chemical stability of Au and the high optical properties of Ag are incorporated into a single entity, Ag@Au hollow DRNs, enabling strong single-particle SERS activity and biocompatibility through surface modification with thiol-containing functionalities.

Multidimensional Honeycomb-like DNA Nanostructures Made of C-Motifs.

Thanks to its remarkable properties of self-assembly and molecular recognition, DNA can be used in the construction of various dimensional nanostructures to serve as templates for decorating nanomaterials with nanometer-scale precision. Accordingly, this study discusses a design strategy for fabricating such multidimensional DNA nanostructures made of simple C-motifs. One-dimensional (1D) honeycomb-like tubes (1HTs) and two-dimensional (2D) honeycomb-like lattices (2HLs) were constructed using a C-motif with an arm length of 14 nucleotides (nt) at an angle of 240° along the counterclockwise direction.

Alleviation of Cognitive and Physical Fatigue with Enzymatic Porcine Placenta Hydrolysate Intake through Reducing Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Intensely Exercised Rats.

Intense exercise is reported to induce physical and cognitive fatigue, but few studies have focused on treatments to alleviate fatigue. We hypothesized that the oral supplementation of enzymatic porcine placenta hydrolysate (EPPH) prepared using protease enzymes could alleviate exercise-induced fatigue in an animal model. The objectives of the study were to examine the hypothesis and the action mechanism of EPPH in relieving physical and cognitive fatigue.

Diversity and Ecology of Species Associated with Coral Reef Systems in the Western Gulf of Thailand, including the Description of Two New Species.

The brown macroalgal genus plays important ecological roles in many marine ecosystems. This group has received much attention over the past decade, and a considerable number of new species have been identified globally. However, our knowledge of the genus diversity and ecology along south-east Asian coasts are still limited.

Synthesis of Pt Double-Walled Nanoframes with Well-Defined and Controllable Facets.

In this paper, we demonstrate the synthesis of morphologically complex nanoframes wherein a mixture of frames and thin solid planes, which we refer to as walled-nanoframes, are present in a single particle. By applying multiple chemical steps including shape evolution of Au nanocrystals and controlling chemical potential of solution for selective deposition, we successfully designed a variety of Pt nanoframes including Pt cuboctahedral nanoframes and Pt single-walled nanoframes. The rationale for on-demand chemical steps with well-faceted Au overgrowth allowed for the synthesis of double-walled nanoframes where two Pt single-walled nanoframes are concentrically overlapped in a single entity with a clearly discernible gap between the two nanoframes.

Dual action of a tyrosinase-mesoporous silica nanoparticle complex for synergistic tissue adhesion.

Bridging biological tissues for immediate adhesion and long-term sustainability was accomplished using a combination of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) and tyrosinase. Tyrosinase-loaded MSNs provided rapid physical adsorption, while tyrosinase within MSNs induced enzymatic chemical bond gluing of tissues. This synergistic strategy has robust potential in tissue adhesives for clinical settings.

Plasmonic Cyclic Au Nanosphere Hexamers.

Rational design of plasmonic colloidal assemblies via bottom-up synthesis is challenging but would show unprecedented optical properties that strongly relate to the assembly's shape and spatial arrangement. Herein, the synthesis of plasmonic cyclic Au nanosphere hexamers (PCHs) is reported, wherein six Au nanospheres (Au NSs) are connected via thin metal ligaments. By tuning Au reduction, six dangling Au NSs are interconnected with a core hexagon nanoplate (NPL).

Prevalence and Antibiogram of and spp. Isolated from Cattle Milk Products Sold in Juja Sub-County, Kenya.

Dairy ruminant milk provides a conducive environment for bacterial proliferation. In animals, these bacteria are exposed to antibiotics, whose overuse has led to increased cases of drug resistance. A cross-sectional study was conducted on milk and milk products vended in Juja Sub-County, Kenya to determine the prevalence of bacteria and antibiogram of spp.

Fecal Bacterial Community and Metagenome Function in Asians with Type 2 Diabetes, According to Enterotypes.

The role of gut microbes has been suggested in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) risk. However, their results remain controversial. We hypothesized that Asians with T2DM had different fecal bacterial compositions, co-abundance networks, and metagenome functions compared to healthy individuals, according to enterotypes.

Epidermal Inspired Flexible Sensor with Buckypaper/PDMS Interfaces for Multimodal and Human Motion Monitoring Applications.

The advancements in the areas of wearable devices and flexible electronic skin have led to the synthesis of scalable, ultrasensitive sensors to detect and differentiate multimodal stimuli and dynamic human movements. Herein, we reveal a novel architecture of an epidermal sensor fabricated by sandwiching the buckypaper between the layers of poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS). This mechanically robust sensor can be conformally adhered on skin and has the perception capability to detect real-time transient human motions and the multimodal mechanical stimuli of stretching, bending, tapping, and twisting.

Statistical modeling for COVID 19 infected patient's data in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

The objective of this study is to construct a new distribution known as the weighted Burr-Hatke distribution (WBHD). The PDF and CDF of the WBHD are derived in a closed form. Moments, incomplete moments, and the quantile function of the proposed distribution are derived mathematically.

A novel DDR1 inhibitor enhances the anticancer activity of gemcitabine in pancreatic cancer.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an extracellular matrix (ECM)-rich carcinoma, which promotes chemoresistance by inhibiting drug diffusion into the tumor. Discoidin domain receptor 1 (DDR1) increases tumor progression and drug resistance by binding to collagen, a major component of tumor ECM. Therefore, DDR1 inhibition may be helpful in cancer therapeutics by increasing drug delivery efficiency and improving drug sensitivity.