Immunogenicities of vaccines including the immunoglobulin M-degrading enzyme of , rIde , and protective efficacy against serotype 14 in piglets.

() is a major porcine pathogen. Some strains have a substantial zoonotic potential such as serotype () 14 as the second most important in human infections. To this date no licensed vaccine is available in Europe though subunit vaccines and bacterins have been examined by several scientific groups worldwide.

Porcine non-conventional B-1-like cells are a potent source of -binding IgM.

Introduction: serotype () 2 is an important bacterial pathogen in piglet nurseries and an emerging zoonotic agent without effective vaccines available. Immunoglobulin (Ig)M plays an essential role in host defense against . In mice, non-conventional B-1 cells are a major source of protective IgM against encapsulated bacterial pathogens, such as .

Detection of Serum IgG Specific for and "" in Dogs.

() is a pathogen in pigs, poultry, and humans causing colitis, diarrhea, and poor growth rates. Its role as a canine pathogen is controversial, and the seroprevalence of specific IgG antibodies against in dogs is unknown. A further, not yet officially recognized species in dogs is "" (""), which is proposed to be apathogenic.

Brachyspira in dogs: risk factors of shedding in central Germany and longitudinal study of an infected kennel.

Background: Brachyspira (B.) pilosicoli is a zoonotic pathogen, able to infect different animal species such as pigs, poultry, and rodents, causing intestinal spirochetosis. An association of gastrointestinal clinical signs, such as diarrhea, with the isolation of B.

Immunoproteomics enable broad identification of new antigens in severe equine asthma.

Introduction: Severe equine asthma (SEA) is a common chronic disease of adult horses with characteristic recurrent airway obstruction and similarities to neutrophilic asthma in humans. As an extrinsic stimulus, hay dust exposure is a major risk factor and induces acute exacerbation in susceptible horses. However, single inducing agents of SEA have hardly been identified on a molecular basis.

Comparative analysis of the interactions of different Streptococcus suis strains with monocytes, granulocytes and the complement system in porcine blood.

Streptococcus suis (S. suis) is an important porcine pathogen causing meningitis, arthritis, and septicemia. Serotypes 2 and 14 are the most common zoonotic ones worldwide, whereas serotypes 2, 9, and 7 are very important in pigs in Europe.

Invasive Bacterial Infections of the Musculoskeletal and Central Nervous System during Pig Rearing: Detection Frequencies of Different Pathogens and Specific Genotypes.

Locomotor and central nervous system disorders occur during pig rearing, but there is no systematic recording of the different causative agents in Germany. Joint and meningeal swabs, kidneys, lungs, and eight different lymph nodes per pig were cultured, and isolated pathogens were identified using polymerase chain reactions (PCRs). The and pathotype of () isolates were determined using multiplex-PCR.

Streptococcus equi subspecies zooepidemicus - a case report of sudden death in a German sow farm.

A farm in North-West Germany experienced a high morbidity and mortality in their sow herd. Sows showed fever, lethargy, oedema, mucosal discharge and dyspnoea. Necropsy revealed a severe fibrinous and purulent polyserositis.

A critical review on experimental Streptococcus suis infection in pigs with a focus on clinical monitoring and refinement strategies.

Streptococcus suis (S. suis) is a major pig pathogen worldwide with zoonotic potential. Though different research groups have contributed to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of S.

The Role of Host Species in Experimental Ferlavirus Infection: Comparison of a Single Strain in Ball Pythons () and Corn Snakes ().

Ferlaviruses are a cause of respiratory disease in snakes. Four genogroups (A, B, C, and tortoise) have been described. Disease development is believed to depend on virus, host, and environment-specific factors.

A distinct variant of the SzM protein of subsp. recruits C1q independent of IgG binding and inhibits activation of the classical complement pathway.

subsp. (SEZ) is a major equine pathogen that causes pneumonia, abortion, and polyarthritis. It can also cause invasive infections in humans.

An Explorative Study of the Causal Pathogenesis of Green Liver Discoloration in Organically Reared Female Bronze Turkeys () Considering the Infectious Risk Factors.

A recent study revealed that organically raised Bronze turkeys showed a high prevalence of green liver discoloration. This alteration is commonly associated with the Turkey Osteomyelitis Complex and potentially caused by opportunistic bacteria. Therefore, 360 organically fattened Bronze turkeys were examined post-mortem throughout two fattening trials with two examinations each to determine possible infectious risk factors and reduce disease prevalence.

Immunoglobulin M-degrading enzyme of (Ide ) impairs porcine B cell signaling.

() is an important porcine pathogen, causing severe disease like meningitis and septicemia primarily in piglets. Previous work showed that the IgM-degrading enzyme of (Ide ) specifically cleaves soluble porcine IgM and is involved in complement evasion. The objective of this study was to investigate Ide cleavage of the IgM B cell receptor and subsequent changes in B cell receptor mediated signaling.

Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Diabetic Macular Edema Treated with Intravitreal Aflibercept: A 48-Week Observational Study (the DOCTA Study).

Introduction: Central vision loss due to diabetic macular edema (DME) is related to the macular edema itself but also, in some cases, to alterations of the foveal avascular zone (FAZ). The aim of this trial was to study changes in macular vessels in eyes with DME treated with aflibercept using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Methods: This was a longitudinal, prospective, noncontrolled, single-arm study.

A new S. suis serotype 3 infection model in pigs: lack of effect of buprenorphine treatment to reduce distress.

Background: Streptoccocus suis (S. suis) is a major porcine pathogen causing meningitis, septicemia, arthritis and endocarditis. These diseases severely impair welfare of pigs.

Distribution of Species in 12 French Cystic Fibrosis Centers in 2020 by a Retrospective MALDI-TOF MS Spectrum Analysis.

Achromobacter spp. are nonfermenting Gram-negative bacilli mainly studied among cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. The identification of the 19 species within the genus is time-consuming (-sequencing), thus data concerning the distribution of the species are limited to specific studies.

d-Alanylation of Lipoteichoic Acids in Reduces Association With Leukocytes in Porcine Blood.

() is a common swine pathogen but also poses a threat to human health in causing meningitis and severe cases of streptococcal toxic shock-like syndrome (STSLS). Therefore, it is crucial to understand how interacts with the host immune system during bacteremia. As has the ability to introduce d-alanine into its lipoteichoic acids (LTAs), we investigated the working hypothesis that cell wall modification by LTA d-alanylation influences the interaction of with porcine blood immune cells.

C-Reactive Protein (CRP) Blocks the Desensitization of Agonistic Stimulated G Protein Coupled Receptors (GPCRs) in Neonatal Rat Cardiomyocytes.

Recently, C-reactive protein (CRP) was shown to affect intracellular calcium signaling and blood pressure in vitro and in vivo, respectively. The aim of the present study was to further investigate if a direct effect on G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling by CRP can be observed by using CRP in combination with different GPCR agonists on spontaneously beating cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes. All used agonists (isoprenaline, clenbuterol, phenylephrine, angiotensin II and endothelin 1) affected the beat rate of cardiomyocytes significantly and after washing them out and re-stimulation the cells developed a pronounced desensitization of the corresponding receptors.

Porcine iucA+ but rmpA- Klebsiella pneumoniae strains proliferate in blood of young piglets but are killed by IgM and complement dependent opsonophagocytosis when these piglets get older.

Klebsiella (K.) pneumoniae causes different diseases in humans and animals including the life-threatening liver abscess syndrome and septicemia, respectively. However, host-pathogen interactions of K.

Comprehensive Assessment of the Virulence Factors , and in the Zoonotic Dermatophyte Using FISH and qPCR.

Skin infections by keratinophilic fungi are commonly referred to as dermatophytosis and represent a major health burden worldwide. Although patient numbers are on the rise, data on virulence factors, their function and kinetics are scarce. We employed an ex vivo infection model based on guinea pig skin explants (GPSE) for the zoonotic dermatophyte   to investigate kinetics of the virulence factors subtilisin , , and at gene level for ten days.

Broth Microdilution and Gradient Diffusion Strips vs. Reference Agar Dilution Method: First Evaluation for Species Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.

Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of anaerobes is challenging. Because MIC determination is recommended by both CLSI and EUCAST, commercial broth microdilution and diffusion strip tests have been developed. The reliability of broth microdilution methods has not been assessed yet using the agar dilution reference method.

Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a Streptococcus suis vaccine composed of six conserved immunogens.

A vaccine protecting against different Streptococcus suis serotypes is highly needed in porcine practice to improve animal welfare and reduce the use of antibiotics. We hypothesized that immunogens prominently recognized by convalescence sera but significantly less so by sera of susceptible piglets are putative protective antigens. Accordingly, we investigated immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a multicomponent vaccine including six main conserved immunogens, namely SSU0934, SSU1869, SSU0757, SSU1950, SSU1664 and SSU0187.

Survival patterns of Streptococcus suis serotypes 1 and 14 in porcine blood indicate cross-reactive bactericidal antibodies in naturally infected pigs.

Streptococcus suis serotype (cps) 1 and cps14 have been detected in association with severe diseases such as meningitis and polyarthritis in pigs. Though these two cps are very similar, only cps14 is an important zoonotic agent in Asia and only cps1 is described to be associated with diseases in suckling piglets rather than weaning piglets. The main objective of this study was to assess restriction of survival of cps14 and cps1 in porcine blood by IgG and IgM putatively cross-reacting with these two cps.