Predictors of death without prior appropriate therapy in ICD recipients: the comorbidities, frailty and functional status (COMFFORT study).

Objective: Most patients who have an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) implant do not receive life-prolonging therapy from it. Little research has been undertaken to determine which patients benefit the least from ICD therapy. As patients age and accumulate comorbidities, the risk of death increases and the benefit of ICDs diminishes.

Outcomes reported in elective colorectal cancer surgery research for older patients: A scoping review.

Aim: Colorectal cancer rates are increasing in older populations, who often have comorbidities and face higher surgical risks and mortality rates. Therefore, surgical outcomes, such as 5-year mortality rates, may not be appropriate, necessitating a focus on postoperative quality of life. However, determining optimal postoperative outcome measures for older colorectal cancer patients poses a challenge.

Understanding the medication regimens associated with anticholinergic burden in older people's mental health services in the UK.

Background: Medications with anticholinergic properties are associated with a range of adverse effects that tend to be worse in older people.

Aims: To investigate medication regimens with high anticholinergic burden, prescribed for older adults under the care of mental health services.

Method: Clinical audit of prescribing practice, using a standardised data collection tool.

Differential outcomes at the Fellowship of the Royal College of Radiologists (FRCR) exams according to demographic and socioeconomic factors.

Background: In the recent years, there has been an increase in the medical education literature showing that there are barriers to postgraduate exam success for some trainee groups compared to others. To date, there is little published data on whether these differences exist in UK radiology training. In this longitudinal cohort study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between demographic and socioeconomic factors with Fellowship of the Royal College of Radiologists (FRCR) exam outcomes.

Characterizing usual-care physical rehabilitation in Canadian intensive care unit patients: a secondary analysis of the Canadian multicentre Critical Care Cycling to Improve Lower Extremity Strength pilot randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: Physical rehabilitation (PR) in the intensive care unit (ICU) may improve outcomes for survivors but clinical trial results have been discordant. We hypothesized that discordant results may reflect treatment heterogeneity received by "usual care" comparator groups in PR studies. Usual-care PR is typically underspecified, which is a barrier to comparing results across treatment studies.

Heating or eating? The framing of food and fuel poverty in UK news media.

Amidst the cost-of-living crisis the UK news has been increasingly reporting of individuals "choosing between heating and eating," suggesting overlapping food and fuel poverty (FFP). The media plays a powerful role in establishing narratives, shaping political debates, and even influencing what societies regard as an "issue" or a "public health issue." Relying on framing theory, this media analysis seeks to better understand how FFP have been constructed relationally in the UK news and how surrounding public health messaging has been employed.

TNM 8 staging system beyond p16: Double HPV/p16 status is superior to p16 alone in predicting outcome in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.

Purpose: The assessment of p16INK4a (p16) in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) has been incorporated into tumor classification, as p16 has been shown to impact survival probability. However, a recent study demonstrated that human papillomavirus (HPV) status in addition to p16 may have a better discriminatory effect on survival probability. This study aims to determine the impact of combined evaluation of p16 and HPV on prognosis.

The Clinical Practice Integration of Artificial Intelligence (CPI-AI) framework.

Despite the vast quantities of published artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms that target trauma and orthopaedic applications, very few progress to inform clinical practice. One key reason for this is the lack of a clear pathway from development to deployment. In order to assist with this process, we have developed the Clinical Practice Integration of Artificial Intelligence (CPI-AI) framework - a five-stage approach to the clinical practice adoption of AI in the setting of trauma and orthopaedics, based on the IDEAL principles (https://www.

Contents and delivery methods of pain neuroscience education in pediatrics: A scoping review.

Background: Pain is prevalent among children and adolescents. The development and implementation of Pain Neuroscience Education (PNE) strategies tailored to this population remains overlooked in contrast to the adult population.

Objective: This study sought to identify the content, delivery methods, and dosage of PNE for children and adolescents available in the literature.

Stakeholders' perspective on the development of a virtual clinic for patients with spinal cord injury: a qualitative study.

Purpose: This study aims to explore the priorities, preferences, and feedback of multiple healthcare professionals to inform the future development of virtual clinics for community-dwelling adults with spinal cord injury (SCI) in Ontario, Canada.

Methods: Interpretive description methodology was used to guide our exploration. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 expert healthcare professionals (HCPs) involved in the care of patients with SCI.

People with long-term conditions are more adherent to protective behaviours against infectious disease.

Objectives: To investigate the relationship between long-term condition (LTC) status and adherence to protective behaviours against infectious disease (face covering, physical distancing, hand hygiene).

Study Design: Representative cross-sectional observational survey in summer 2020 in Scotland.

Methods: Independent variable is LTC status (LTC, disability, no LTC); dependent variable is adherence to protective behaviours (face covering, hand hygiene, social distancing); moderator variables are age, gender and area deprivation; mediator variables are perceived threat and psychological distress.

Machine learning methods in physical therapy: A scoping review of applications in clinical context.

Background: Machine learning (ML) efficiently processes large datasets, showing promise in enhancing clinical practice within physical therapy.

Objective: The aim of this scoping review is to provide an overview of studies using ML approaches in clinical settings of physical therapy.

Data Sources: A scoping review was performed in PubMed, EMBASE, PEDro, Cochrane, Web of Science, and Scopus.

The usage of anticholinergic medications in a low- and middle-income country: a longitudinal comparison of 2013-15 and 2020-22 datasets.

Background: While the effects of anticholinergic drug use have been increasingly highlighted, trends in anticholinergic use remain poorly understood.

Aim: To determine the changes in frequency and pattern of anticholinergic drug use within a low- and middle-income country.

Method: Comparisons were made between population-based datasets collected from Malaysian residents aged 55 years and older in 2013-15 and 2020-22.

Development and validation of prediction models for fetal growth restriction and birthweight: an individual participant data meta-analysis.

Background: Fetal growth restriction is associated with perinatal morbidity and mortality. Early identification of women having at-risk fetuses can reduce perinatal adverse outcomes.

Objectives: To assess the predictive performance of existing models predicting fetal growth restriction and birthweight, and if needed, to develop and validate new multivariable models using individual participant data.

Perioperative pain management interventions in opioid user patients: an overview of reviews.

Background: Every year, many opioid users undergo surgery, experiencing increased postoperative complications, inadequate pain control, and opioid-related adverse effects. This overview aims to summarise and critically assess the systematic reviews about perioperative pain management interventions, identify the knowledge gaps, and potentially provide high-quality recommendations to improve postoperative analgesia and surgical outcomes.

Methods: A systematic search was conducted from the following databases, PubMed, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Embase, APA PsycINFO, CINAHL, AMED, Scopus, PROSPERO, ProQuest, and Epistemonikos, in June 2023.

Cost-effectiveness of monitoring ocular hypertension based on a risk prediction tool.

Background/aims: To assess the cost-effectiveness of making treatment decisions for patients with ocular hypertension (OHT) based on a risk prediction (RP) tool in the United Kingdom.

Methods: A discrete event simulation model was constructed to compare the cost-effectiveness of an alternative care pathway in which the treatment decision was guided by a validated RP tool in secondary care against decision-making based on the standard care (SC). Individual patient sampling was used.

Empowering nurses and midwives: the evidence-base for the Nurses and Midwives Certification Programme of ESHRE†.

Study Question: How were the logbook and curriculum for the Nurses and Midwives Certification Programme of ESHRE developed?

Summary Answer: The logbook and corresponding curriculum for the ESHRE Nurses and Midwives Certification Programme were based on an extensive literature review, an international expert panel, and a survey of Belgian and Dutch nurses and midwives (N&M) working in reproductive medicine (RM).

What Is Known Already: ESHRE has been running a certification programme for N&M working in RM since 2015. To the best of our knowledge, clinical practice guidelines for nursing/midwifery care within RM are lacking as is consensus on role descriptors of N&M working in RM.

Is Montreal Cognitive Assessment a valuable test for the differentiation of Alzheimer's disease, frontotemporal dementia, dementia with Lewy body, and vascular dementia?

Unlabelled: Dementia is one of the growing diseases in the world and has different types based on its definition. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test has been employed to screen patients with dementia, cognitive impairment, and disruption of daily activities.

Objective: This study examined the diagnostic value of the total MoCA score and its subscores in differentiating Alzheimer's disease (AD), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), dementia with Lewy body (DLB), and vascular dementia (VaD).