Effects of corn oil ingestion on the intestinal mucosa of normal dogs.

Introduction: We assessed corn oil's oral effectiveness in detecting small bowel changes in healthy dogs through ultrasonography, endoscopy, and histopathology. We hypothesize that corn oil ingestion will not significantly increase the visibility of lymphatics and lacteals in healthy dogs.

Methods: Five healthy male beagles were studied under institutional guidelines.

Indian Medicinal Plant-Derived Phytochemicals as Potential Antidotes for Snakebite: A Pharmacoinformatic Study of Atrolysin Inhibitors.

Snakebite envenoming is a significant health threat, particularly in tropical regions, causing substantial morbidity and mortality. Traditional treatments, including antivenom therapy, have limitations and associated risks. This research aims to discover novel phytochemical antidotes for snakebites, specifically targeting the western diamondback rattlesnake () venom metalloproteinase Atrolysin.

Comparison of accuracy of brain biopsy simulation between 3-dimensional-printed guides and neuronavigation in skull-brain tumor models of dogs and cats.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the accuracy of brain biopsies in skull-brain tumor models (SBTMs) of dogs and cats using 2 techniques: 3-D-printed brain biopsy guides (3D-BBGs) and electromagnetic (EM) neuronavigation.

Methods: Based on the CT data from 12 dogs and 3 cats, a total of 30 SBTMs were created using 3-D-printing technology, with 2 models per data set. Thirty brain biopsies were performed: 15 using 3D-BBGs and 15 using EM neuronavigation.

Understanding the pathogenicity of Naegleria fowleri in association with N. fowleri antigen-1 (Nfa1).

Naegleria fowleri, a brain-eating amoeba, thrives in lakes and rivers with aquatic vegetation and causes primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) in humans. Most recently, it has become such a serious problem that N. fowleri was detected in tap water in Houston, USA.

Efficacy of Bone Regeneration Cell Therapy Using Mesenchymal Stem Cells Originating from Embryonic Stem Cells in Animal Models; Bone Defects and Osteomyelitis.

Background: Bone defects are commonly encountered due to accidents, diseases, or aging, and the demand for effective bone regeneration, particularly for dental implants, is increasing in our aging society. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are promising candidates for regenerative therapies; however, obtaining sufficient quantities of these cells for clinical applications remains challenging. DW-MSCs, derived from embryonic stem cells and developed by Daewoong Pharmaceutical, exhibit a robust proliferative capacity even after extensive culture.

Optimal Computed Tomographic Arthrography Protocol for Stifle Ligamentous Structure and Menisci in Dogs.

This study aims to establish an optimized CTA protocol for qualitatively evaluating the ligamentous structures and menisci of the canine stifle. CTA of the stifle joint was conducted on six healthy beagle dogs. Each dog underwent a total of nine scans to evaluate various contrast protocols.

Assessing Post-Vaccination Seroprevalence and Enhancing Strategies for Lumpy Skin Disease Vaccination in Korean Cattle.

Lumpy skin disease (LSD), caused by the LSD virus (LSDV), a dsDNA virus of the genus Capripoxvirus, represents a significant cross-border infectious threat, particularly impacting cattle and water buffaloes through transmission by blood-feeding insects. Traditionally endemic to Southern Africa, LSD has rapidly spread over the past decade through the Middle East to Eastern Europe and China, reaching Korea in October 2023. This outbreak prompted a nationwide vaccination campaign, addressing both the disease's severe economic impact and its status as a notifiable disease under the World Organisation for Animal Health.

Screening and Characterization of Sialic Acid-Binding Variable Lymphocyte Receptors from Hagfish.

Sialic acid is a diverse group of monosaccharides often found on the termini of - and -linked glycans as well as being components of glycoconjugates. Hypersialylation has been associated with the progression of chronic inflammation-mediated diseases such as cardiovascular disease and cancer. Given its role in infection and disease-related processes, sialic acid is a promising target for therapeutic approaches that utilize carbohydrate-binding molecules.

Oral Bacillus subtilis spores-based vaccine for mass vaccination against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome.

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) poses a significant challenge in the global swine industry, leading to substantial economic losses and reproductive and respiratory complications. The causative agent, PRRS virus (PRRSV), with its high mutation rate, complicates the development of universally effective vaccines. Furthermore, current PRRS vaccines are limited by high costs and complex administration methods.

In Vivo Evaluation of Demineralized Bone Matrix with Cancellous Bone Putty Formed Using Hydroxyethyl Cellulose as an Allograft Material in a Canine Tibial Defect Model.

Demineralized bone matrix (DBM) is a widely used allograft material for bone repair, but its handling properties and retention at defect sites can be challenging. Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) has shown promise as a biocompatible carrier for bone graft materials. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of DBM combined with cancellous bone putty formed using HEC as an allograft material for bone regeneration in a canine tibial defect model.

Passive immunoprophylaxis with Ccombodies against Vibrio parahaemolyticus in Pacific white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei).

The Vibrio parahaemolyticus strain causing acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) in shrimp secretes toxins A and B (PirA/PirB). These toxins have been implicated in pathogenesis and are targets for developing anti-AHPND therapeutics or prophylactics that include passive immunization. We have previously reported that Ccombodies (recombinant hagfish variable lymphocyte receptor B antibodies; VLRB) targeting PirB conferred protection against V.

Hypertonic Saline Induces Host Protective Immune Responses against Infection in Mice.

Hypertonic saline (HTS) resuscitation can enhance immune responses against various pathogens, however, the effect of HTS on brucellosis is yet to be defined. In this study, we found that HTS inhibited infection in mice by augmenting Th1 immunity. HTS treatment enhanced the serum cytokines production and the expression of nitric oxide synthase (NOS2) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-ĸB) p50 and p65, crucial anti- effectors in splenocytes.

Immunogenicity and Neutralization of Recombinant Vaccine Candidates Expressing F and G Glycoproteins against Nipah Virus.

Nipah virus (NiV), of the Paramyxoviridae family, causes highly fatal infections in humans and is associated with severe neurological and respiratory diseases. Currently, no commercial vaccine is available for human use. Here, eight structure-based mammalian-expressed recombinant proteins harboring the NiV surface proteins, fusion glycoprotein (F), and the major attachment glycoprotein (G) were produced.

Identification of New Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitory Peptides Isolated from the Hydrolysate of the Venom of Jellyfish.

Recently, jellyfish venom has gained attention as a promising reservoir of pharmacologically active compounds, with potential applications in new drug development. In this investigation, novel peptides, isolated from the hydrolysates of jellyfish venom (NnV), demonstrate potent inhibitory activities against angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). Proteolytic enzymes-specifically, papain and protamex-were utilized for the hydrolysis under optimized enzymatic conditions, determined by assessing the degree of hydrolysis through the ninhydrin test.

Histological and Molecular Biological Changes in Canine Skin Following Acute Radiation Therapy-Induced Skin Injury.

Radiation therapy is a crucial cancer treatment, but it can damage healthy tissues, leading to side effects like skin injuries and molecular alterations. This study aimed to elucidate histological and molecular changes in canine skin post-radiation therapy (post-RT) over nine weeks, focusing on inflammation, stem cell activity, angiogenesis, keratinocyte regeneration, and apoptosis. Four male beagles received a cumulative radiation dose of 48 Gy, followed by clinical observations, histological examinations, and an RT-qPCR analysis of skin biopsies.

Therapeutic Potential of Pall. Root Extract as an Antidiabetic Agent: A Comprehensive Analysis from Molecular Mechanisms to In Vivo Efficacy.

Pall. is widely used in traditional oriental herbal therapy, but its components and molecular mechanisms of action remain unclear. This study investigates the antidiabetic potential of Pall.

Determining lactate concentrations in Korean indigenous calves and evaluating its role as a predictor for acidemia in calf diarrhea.

Background: Calf diarrhea leads to high mortality rates and decreases in growth and productivity, causing negative effects on the livestock industry. Lactate is closely associated with metabolic acidosis in diarrheic calves. However, there have been no reports on lactate concentrations in Korean indigenous (Hanwoo) calves, especially those with diarrhea.

Large-Scale Field Trials of an Vaccine Induce Positive Effects on the Production Index of Broilers.

Live coccidiosis vaccines have mainly been used to reduce species infection, which is considered the most economically important disease in the poultry industry. Evaluation data on vaccine effectiveness through large-scale field experiments are lacking, especially in broilers. Thus, the effectiveness of a commercial coccidiosis vaccine was evaluated in approximately 900,000 chicks reared on three open-broiler farms where coccidiosis is prevalent.

African Swine Fever in the Philippines: A Review on Surveillance, Prevention, and Control Strategies.

African swine fever (ASF), a highly contagious disease of swine, has posed a significant global threat to the swine industry. As an archipelago, the Philippines has a geographic advantage when it comes to the risk of ASF transmission. However, since its introduction to the Philippines in 2019, it has proliferated not only in backyard and commercial farms but also in wild pig populations.

Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Barley Sprout Fermented by Lactic Acid Bacteria in RAW264.7 Macrophages and Caco-2 Cells.

The anti-inflammatory effects of supernatants produced from sprouted barley inoculated with KCTC3104 (Lp), KCTC3530 (Lm), KCTC3767 (Lc), or a mixture of these lactic acid bacteria were investigated using RAW264.7 macrophages. BLp and BLc, the lyophilized supernatants of fermented sprouted barley inoculated with Lp and Lc, respectively, effectively reduced the nitric oxide (NO) levels hypersecreted by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.

Differential detection of chicken heterodimeric cytokines, interleukin 12 and 23 using their subunit-specific mouse monoclonal antibodies.

Interleukin-23 (IL-23) is a recently identified member of the IL-12 family of heterodimeric cytokines that play a critical role in regulating T helper cell function. IL-12 and IL-23 share a common p40 subunit, but differ in their p35 and p19 subunits, respectively. This difference in subunit composition results in distinct signaling pathways and biological functions for IL-12 and IL-23.

Identification of Critical Immune Regulators and Potential Interactions of IL-26 in -Infected Ducks by Transcriptome Analysis and Profiling.

(RA) is an economically important pathogen in the duck industry worldwide that causes high mortality and morbidity in infected birds. We previously found that upregulated IL-17A expression in ducks infected with RA participates in the pathogenesis of the disease, but this mechanism is not linked to IL-23, which primarily promotes Th17 cell differentiation and proliferation. RNA sequencing analysis was used in this study to investigate other mechanisms of IL-17A upregulation in RA infection.

Metastatic Osteosarcoma of the Distal Femur in a Korean Water Deer (Hydropotes inermis argyropus).

A free-living female Korean water deer (Hydropotes inermis argyropus) was found with swelling in the left femur. Radiographic and histopathologic examination confirmed distal femoral osteosarcoma with metastases to the inguinal lymph node and the lungs; there are no previous reports of osteosarcoma in water deer.

Amoebicidal effect of chlorine dioxide gas against pathogenic Naegleria fowleri and Acanthamoeba polyphaga.

The pathogenic free-living amoebae, Naegleria fowleri and Acanthamoeba polyphaga, are found in freshwater, soil, and unchlorinated or minimally chlorinated swimming pools. N. fowleri and A.