Rapid identification, pathotyping and quantification of infectious bursal disease virus by high-resolution melting curve quantitative reverse transcription PCR analysis: An innovative technology well-suited for real-time large-scale epidemiological surveillance.

With the virus continuing to evolve, very virulent IBDV (vvIBDV) and novel variant IBDV (nvIBDV) have become the predominant epidemic strains in China, exacerbated by the widespread use of attenuated vaccine strains (attIBDV), making a complex infection situation of IBDV in the field. Therefore, developing a rapid and accurate high-resolution melting curve quantitative reverse transcription PCR (HRM-qRT-PCR) for the identification and pathotyping of IBDV is crucial for clinical monitoring and disease control. Extensive data analysis and genome-screening of the three dominant IBDV pathotypes identified a specific region (nucleotides 2450-2603 in segment A) with distinct GC content as the detection target.

Effects of Ferulic Acid on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Oxidative Stress and Gut Microbiota Imbalance in Linwu Ducks.

Oxidative stress is a major factor that limits the development of the poultry industry. Ferulic acid (FA) has an antioxidant effect in birds, but the mechanism is not fully understood. In this study, we stimulated oxidative stress in 28-day-old female Linwu ducks by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and fed them a diet supplemented with FA for 28 days.

Comparative analysis of the growth differences between hybrid Ningdu Yellow chickens and their parentals.

Although the local high quality chicken breed in China has excellent flavor, its growth rate is inferior to that of foreign breeds. To improve the growth rate of local chicken breeds, it is crucial to study the mechanism of chicken muscle development. Herein, Ningdu Yellow chicken was used as the research object, and a new hybrid breed (W) was obtained by crossing the G, H and D lines, which combined the excellent physiological characteristics of its parents.

Guanethidine Restores Tetracycline Sensitivity in Multidrug-Resistant Carrying Gene.

The worrying issue of antibiotic resistance in pathogenic bacteria is aggravated by the scarcity of novel therapeutic agents. Antibiotic adjuvants offer a promising solution due to their cost-effectiveness and high efficacy in addressing this issue, such as the β-lactamase inhibitor sulbactam (a β-lactam adjuvant) and the dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor trimethoprim (a sulfonamide adjuvant). This study aimed to discover potential adjuvants for tetracyclines from a list of previously approved drugs to restore susceptibility to carrying the gene.

Investigating the correlation between phenotypes, adrenal transcriptome, and serum metabolism in laying ducks exhibiting varying behaviours under the same stressor.

Laying ducks in cage environments face various stressors, including the fear of novelty, which negatively affects their behaviour and performance. The reasons behind the variation in behaviour under identical stress conditions are not well understood. This study investigated how different behaviours affect production performance, immune response, antioxidant capabilities, adrenal gene expression, and serum metabolite profiles in caged laying ducks subjected to the same stressor.

Dietary supplementation of flavonoids regulates intestinal immunology and the gut microbiota to improve growth performance and intestinal health in weaned piglets.

(AS) is a widely used herb in traditional Chinese medicine, with calycosin as its main isoflavonoid. Our previous study discovered that calycosin triggers host defense peptide (HDP) production in IPEC-J2 cells. The aim of this study is to investigate the alleviation effects of AS total flavone and AS calycosin on growth performance, intestinal immunity, and microflora in weaned piglets.

Transplantation of fecal microbiota from different breeds improved intestinal barrier condition and modulated ileal microflora of recipient pigs.

In this study, we investigated the effects of transplanting Ningxiang pig fecal bacteria on the ileum microflora and intestinal barrier of Duroc × Landrace × Large White (DLY) pigs. Thirty-two DLY pigs at 90-d-old were equally assigned to either control groups (fed the basal diet) or test groups (fed the basal diet + 10 mL fecal microbiota suspension from Ningxiang pig). Results showed that fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) did not influence the growth performance, but increased the number of ileum goblet cells and the expression level of mucin-2.

Transcriptome analysis reveals a new virulence-associated trimeric autotransporter responsible for Glaesserella parasuis autoagglutination.

Capsular polysaccharide is an important virulence factor of Glaesserella parasuis. An acapsular mutant displays multiple phenotype variations, while the underlying mechanism for these variations is unknown. In this study, we created an acapsular mutant by deleting the wza gene in the capsule locus.

Unraveling the role of long non-coding RNAs in chronic heat stress-induced muscle injury in broilers.

Background: Chronic heat stress (CHS) is a detrimental environmental stressor with a negative impact on the meat quality of broilers. However, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. This study investigates the effects of CHS on long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) expression and muscle injury in broilers, with a focus on its implications for meat quality.

A mutation with knockout sheep by CRISPR/Cas9 promotes skeletal muscle myofiber hyperplasia.

Mutations in the well-known Myostatin () produce a 'double-muscle' phenotype, which makes it commercially invaluable for improving livestock meat production and providing high-quality protein for humans. However, mutations at different loci of the often produce a variety of different phenotypes. In the current study, we increased the delivery ratio of Cas9 mRNA to sgRNA from the traditional 1:2 to 1:10, which improves the efficiency of the homozygous mutation of biallelic gene.

Impact of weight variation on the microbiome of yak dams and calves.

Introduction: Limited information exists regarding the microbiome composition of yak calves of varying weights. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the microbiomes of mother-calf pairs with different weight profiles.

Methods: Fecal and blood samples were collected from both lower-weight (CB) and higher-weight (HB) yak calves, along with their corresponding female yaks (CA, HA).

Vitamin K2 alleviates dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis via inflammatory responses, gut barrier integrity, and the gut microbiota in mice.

Vitamin K2 (VK2) has been shown to have potential benefits in improving intestinal integrity, but its potential and mechanisms for alleviating intestinal inflammation are still unclear. The present results showed that VK2 supplementation significantly alleviated the symptoms of colitis and maintained the intestinal barrier integrity. In addition, VK2 significantly down-regulated the mRNA expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, while up-regulated the mRNA expression level of anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-10.

Unraveling the gut microbiota of Tibetan chickens: insights into highland adaptation and ecological advantages.

Unlabelled: Tibetan animals have several unique advantages owing to the harsh ecological conditions under which they live. However, compared to Tibetan mammals, understanding of the advantages and underlying mechanisms of the representative high-latitude bird, the Tibetan chicken (, TC), remains limited. The gut microbiota of animals has been conclusively shown to be closely related to both host health and host environmental adaptation.

Chenodeoxycholic acid fortified diet drives ovarian steroidogenesis to improve embryo implantation through enhancing uterine receptivity via progesterone receptor signaling pathway in rats.

Infertility is a worldwide reproductive health problem influenced by the embryo implantation efficiency. We previously revealed that dietary chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) positively influence the early embryo implantation. But how CDCA regulate embryo implantation is largely unexplored.

N-Methyladenosine Modification-Related Genes Express Differentially in Sterile Male Cattle-Yaks.

N-methyladenosine (mA), an RNA post-transcriptional modification, plays a crucial role in spermatogenesis. Cattle-yaks are interspecific hybrid offsprings of yak and cattle, and male cattle-yaks are sterile. This study aims to investigate the role of mA modification in male cattle-yak infertility.

Development of an Indirect ELISA to Distinguish between Porcine Sapelovirus-Infected and -Vaccinated Animals Using the Viral Nonstructural Protein 3AB.

Porcine sapelovirus (PSV) is a new pathogen that negatively impacts the pig industry in China. Affected pigs experience severe diarrhea and even death. Vaccination is used to control disease outbreaks, and sensitive diagnostic methods that can distinguish infected animals from vaccinated animals (DIVA) are essential for monitoring the effectiveness of disease control programs.

RNA-Seq Analysis Revealed circRNAs Associated with Resveratrol-Induced Apoptosis of Porcine Ovarian Granulosa Cells.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of circular non-coding RNAs that play essential roles in the intricate and dynamic networks governing cell growth, development, and apoptosis. Resveratrol (RSV), a non-flavonoid polyphenol, is known to participate in follicular development and ovulation. In our previous research, we established a model using porcine ovarian granulosa cells (POGCs) treated with resveratrol, which confirmed its regulatory effects on long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) within these cells.

Radiofrequency affects the decrystallization efficiency and physicochemical properties of rape honey via crystal structure modification and inactivating enzyme.

Crystallization degrades the physicochemical properties of honey and reduces consumer acceptance. To address this issue, radiofrequency was developed to investigate the decrystallization efficiency and quality impact mechanism of rape honey. The results showed that radiofrequency significantly decreased the number and size of crystals, leading to shortening the decrystallization time to less than 10 min.

Genome-Wide Selection Sweep Analysis to Identify Candidate Genes with Black and Brown Color in Tibetan Sibu Yaks.

Although coat color is an important economic phenotype in domesticated yaks (), its genetic basis is not yet fully understood. In this study, a genome-wide selective sweep and high-frequency runs of homozygosity (ROH) identification were performed on 50 yaks with different coat colors to investigate candidate genes (CDGs) related to coat color. The results suggested that 2263 CDGs were identified from the 5% interaction windows of the F and θπ ratio, along with 2801 and 2834 CDGs from black and brown yaks with iHS, respectively.